人教版七年級(jí)英語上冊Units5-6語法歸納學(xué)案

1、人教版七年級(jí)英語上冊Units 5-6語法歸納學(xué)案人教版七年級(jí)英語上冊Units 5-6的語法歸納、學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)掌握Units 5-6的語法內(nèi)容。、重點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)1 . 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)2 .可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞的用法般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)1 .含義The notebook is on the desk. 筆記本在課桌上。I watch TV in the evening.我晚上看電視。The boy likes salad.這男孩喜歡沙拉。The earth goes round the sun. 地球繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)。2 .句式(1)含系動(dòng)詞 be(am, is, are)的句式:肯定句:主語+ be(am, is,

2、are) +其它.否定句：主語 +be(am, is, are) +not +其它.一般疑問句：Be(Am, Is, Are) +主語+其它？簡略肯定回答：Yes,主語+ be (am, is, are).簡略否定回答：No,主語+ be(am, is, are)+ not.特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞 + be(am, is, are)+主語+其它?【例句】This is a pen.這是一支鋼筆。This isn a tpen.這不是一支鋼筆。 Is this a pen? 這是一支鋼筆嗎？Yes, it is. / No, it isn .是的。/不，不是。What this?這是什么？I a

3、m a girl.我是一個(gè)女孩。I am not a girl.我不是一個(gè)女孩。Are you a girl?你是一個(gè)女孩嗎?-Yes, Iam. / No, I m not是的。/不，不是。(2)含實(shí)義動(dòng)詞(行為動(dòng)詞)的句式:11 / 11特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+do/ does正語+動(dòng)詞原形+其它?他在家吃早飯。他不在家吃早飯。他在家吃早飯嗎？是的，他是。/不，他不。他在哪兒吃早飯？He has breakfast at home.He doesn t havbreakfast at home. Does he have breakfast at home?Yes, he does. /

4、No, he doesni .tWhere does he have breakfast?They watch TV in the evening.They don t watcTV in the evening.Do they watch TV in the evening?Yes, they do./ No, they don .tWhat do they do in the evening?3 .動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)變化規(guī)則他們晚上看電視。他們晚上不看電視。他們晚上看電視嗎？是的，他們看。/不，他們不看。他們晚上做什么？實(shí)義動(dòng) 詞第三 人稱單 數(shù)變化 規(guī)則students.般動(dòng)詞在詞尾加-s

5、,如：like-likes, play-plays 以字母s, x, ch, sh, o吉尾的動(dòng)詞加-e4如: watch watches, do does以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，先變y為i,再加-e4如:stud尸 studies【注意】【考題鏈接】1. The boysA. am B. is C. are D. be答案：C思路分析：根據(jù)主語the boys是復(fù)數(shù)可知謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。be是動(dòng)詞原形，am的主語是I, is的主語是第三人稱單數(shù)，只有 are合適。句意為 這些男孩是學(xué)生2. He early and English in the morning.A. gets up; r

6、ead B. get up; reads C. get up; read D. gets up; reads答案：D思路分析：瀏覽題干，in the morning是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)的標(biāo)志詞；主語 he是第三人稱單 數(shù)，故謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式；and連接兩個(gè)并列的動(dòng)作，故兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞都用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。 符合的只有D項(xiàng)。句意為他通常早晨起床后讀英語3. Is that Helen s aunt?. That s Mary s aunt.A. Yes, she is B. No, it isn t C. Yes, it is D. No, he isn t答案：B思路分析：問句意為 那是海倫的姑姑嗎？

7、，而答語 那是瑪麗的姑姑”，說明 不是海 倫的姑姑”，故答語中前半句用否定回答，排除 A, C兩項(xiàng)；姑姑”是女性，故不能用he代 替，排除D項(xiàng)；因?yàn)槭腔卮?“Is that 屈契，故可用it代替，選項(xiàng)B正確。4. My brother TV every evening.A. watch B. isn t watch C. doesn t watch D. doesn t watches答案：C思路分析：根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語every evening可知時(shí)態(tài)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)； my brother是第三人稱 單數(shù)，故謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式， A項(xiàng)是動(dòng)詞原形，故排除；否定句要借助于助動(dòng)詞 doesnt 后接動(dòng)詞原

8、形，故排除 B, D兩項(xiàng)。句意為 我弟弟不是每天晚上都看電視 ”。5. Light much faster than sound.A. travel B. travels C. to travel D. traveling答案：B思路分析：瀏覽題干可知句意為光傳播的速度比聲音傳播的速度要快得多這是一客觀真理，故時(shí)態(tài)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。light作主語，是第三人稱單數(shù)，故謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式?！炯磳W(xué)即練】I.寫出下列動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù)形式1. spell2. see3. say4. meet5. have6. excuse7. thank8. help9. watch10. do11. go12. as

9、k13. find14. call15. come16. play _答案： 17. get18. study19. like _ 20. eat1. spells2. sees3. says4. meets5. has6. excuses 7. thanks8. helps9. watches 10. does11.goes12. asks13, finds14. calls15. comes 16. plays 17. gets 18. studies 19. likes 20. eatsn.用括號(hào)中所給動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空1. She(eat) hamburgers for breakfa

10、st in the morning.2. you(like) playing basketball?3. We(be) at school now.4. I(not think) so.5. (be) she a teacher?答案：1. eats 2. Do; like 3. are 4. don t think 5. Ism.句型轉(zhuǎn)換1. Mona watches TV in the morning.(改為一般疑問句) Mona TV in the morning?2. They play at school.(改為否定句)They at school.3. It s an intere

11、sting boo效內(nèi)一般疑問句) an interesting book?4. He has two tomatoes.(對(duì)劃線部分提問) he?5. Does he want to be healthy?(作否定回答) , he.答案：1. Does; watch 2. don t play 3. Is it 4. What does; have 5. No; doesn t二、可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞的用法1.概念可以計(jì)數(shù)的名詞是可數(shù)名詞?？蓴?shù)名詞有單復(fù)數(shù)之分。不可以計(jì)數(shù)的名詞是不可數(shù)名詞。(1)可數(shù)名詞【復(fù)數(shù)變化規(guī)則】 般在，尾加-s。 apple apple 以s, x, ch, sh結(jié)

12、尾的名詞詞尾加 -eso watch watches必 ce, se, ze, (d) ge 等結(jié)尾的詞力口 -s。 orange f orangs必。結(jié)尾的詞，力口 -s 或-es。photo 一 photo s, tomato 一 tomatos以輔音字母加 y結(jié)尾的名詞，把 y變?yōu)閕,再加-es。 dictionary dictionaries而以元音字母加y結(jié)尾的名詞，直接在詞尾加-s。 boy boys 以f或fe結(jié)尾的名詞，先變 f或fe為v,再加-eso leaf leaves【注意】部分可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù)沒有規(guī)則，邊學(xué)邊記。(2)不可數(shù)名詞【特征】1 .通常沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式。2

13、.不能直接用 a/ an和指示代詞this, that, these, those等來修飾。3 .不能用基數(shù)詞來修飾。4 .作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式。5 .可用 some, any, a little, a lot of, lots of, muchly來修飾。6 .表量時(shí)，用 基數(shù)詞+量詞(單位名詞)+of短語”表達(dá)?！纠洹縎ome milk is in the glass.杯子里有一些牛奶。I have a little water.我喝了點(diǎn)水。I want two pieces of bread.我想要兩片面包。2.考點(diǎn)可數(shù)名詞與不可數(shù)名詞的區(qū)別:可數(shù)名詞不口數(shù)名詞有單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)兩

14、種形式。只有單數(shù)形式?？梢灾苯佑眯《ㄐ?詞 a/an或基數(shù)詞來修飾。不能用小7旭；詞a/an或基數(shù)詞直接修飾?？梢杂?some, any, few, a few, many, a lot of等 來修飾復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞。如：some girls, a few friends, many pears可以用 some, any, little, a little, much, a lot of等來修飾不用數(shù)名詞。如:some milk, a little tea, a lot of food單個(gè)單數(shù)名詞作主語時(shí)， 謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；多 個(gè)單數(shù)名詞或復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞要 用復(fù)數(shù)。如：This ap

15、ple is red.這個(gè)蘋果是紅的。The books are on the desk. 書在課桌上。不可數(shù)名詞作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。如：There is some water in the bottle.瓶子里什-些水。A lot of milk is in the glass.許多牛奶在玻璃杯里。有些名詞既可作可數(shù)名詞，也可作不可數(shù)名詞，其含義不同。隱A chickens 小雞；chicken 雞肉 oranges 橙子；orange 橙汁【考題鏈接】1. I want to have some.A. friendB. friendsC. breadsD. milks答案：B思路分析

16、：some后既可接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，也可接不可數(shù)名詞；瀏覽各選項(xiàng)，C D兩項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤，因?yàn)樗鼈兪遣豢蓴?shù)名詞，沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式；friend是可數(shù)名詞，故用 some friends。2. Do you like?No, I like green.A. orange B. oranges C. carrots D. carrot答案：A思路分析：瀏覽題干的答語 不，我喜歡綠色”可知問句詢問 你喜歡橙色嗎？ ，故選A 項(xiàng)?！炯磳W(xué)即練】I .寫出下列名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式1. map_2. orange 3. friend 4. uncle5.family6. photo _ 7. picture 8. box_9.

17、dictionary 10.watch11. library _12. radio 13. plane 14. student 15.class _16. tomato _17. strawberry _18. pear19. leaf 20.boy答案：1. maps2. oranges 3. friends4. uncles5. families6. photos7. pictures8. boxes9. dictionaries10.watches11. libraries12. radios13. planes18. pears14. students15. classes16.19.

18、 leaves20. boystomatoes17. strawberriesn.把下面表示事物的名詞正確分類，并寫出可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式hamburger, salad, pear, strawberry, bread, tomato, banana, milkCountable nouns:Uncountable nouns:答案：Countable nouns: hamburger f hamburgers, pearf pears, strawberry - strawberries, tomato f tomatoes, banana f bananasUncountable nouns: salad, bread, milk上冊 Unit 7 How much are these socks?、預(yù)習(xí)新知1.從課文中找出下列單詞的含義：big;small;short；long; woman;need;look;take；buy; sell; price_2.寫出卜列單詞的對(duì)應(yīng)（反義）詞：big；long;woman；buy;black3 .寫出下列短語：多少錢；一雙；一副4