雙吸中開離心泵結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)及工作原理

1、雙吸中開離心泵結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)及工作原理單級(jí)雙吸離心泵工作原理簡(jiǎn)單的用白話文說：入口液體同時(shí)進(jìn)入葉輪中心區(qū)域，高速旋轉(zhuǎn)的葉輪在離心力的作用將液體甩出，葉輪中心就形成低壓區(qū)，入口液體在大氣壓作用下，源源不斷的流向低壓區(qū)，即進(jìn)入葉輪中心后又被甩出的循環(huán)過程。S/SH型泵是單級(jí)、雙吸、泵殼水平中開式離心泵。供輸送清水及物理化學(xué)性質(zhì)類似于水的液體，介質(zhì)溫度80C,若連端軸承通以冷卻水，介質(zhì)溫度可達(dá)130C,改變?nèi)~輪、密封、軸封的材料，可以汲送含有泥沙的渾水，泵的軸承一般采用軟填料，如有特殊訂貨要求，也可裝機(jī)械密封。該泵適合用于工廠、礦山、城市、電站的給排水，農(nóng)田排澇灌溉和大型水利工程。10Sh13A葉輪外徑第

2、一次切削比轉(zhuǎn)數(shù)被1。除(即該泵的比轉(zhuǎn)數(shù)為130)單級(jí)雙吸式離心泵I吸水口徑被25除(即該泵的吸水口徑為250加)300S58d-葉掄外徑第一次切削I揚(yáng)程(m)單級(jí)雙吸式離心泵吸水口直徑(mm)支SAPJAI葉輪外徑第一次切削泵轉(zhuǎn)速降速比轉(zhuǎn)數(shù)被10除取整單級(jí)雙吸式離心泵吸入口直徑(mm)SH/S/SA雙吸中開離心泵故障及排除方法：故障原因消除方法1、泉/、吸水，壓力表及真空表指針劇烈跳動(dòng)1、注水不夠多；2、管路或儀表漏氣。1、再往泵內(nèi)注水；2、擰緊堵塞漏氣處。2、泉/、吸水，真空表顯布圖度真空。1、底閥沒打開或已淤塞；2、吸水管路阻力太大；3、吸水高度太高。1、枚止或列換底閥；2、清洗或更換吸水

3、管路；3、降低吸水高度。3、泉/、出水，壓力表顯不有1、出水管路阻力太大；1、檢查或縮短出水管路；壓力。2、旋轉(zhuǎn)方向不對(duì)；3、葉輪堵塞；4、轉(zhuǎn)速不夠。2、糾正電動(dòng)機(jī)旋轉(zhuǎn)方向；3、清洗葉輪；4、提高轉(zhuǎn)速。4、流量不足或揚(yáng)程太低。1、葉輪或進(jìn)出水管路阻塞；2、雙吸密封環(huán)磨損過多或葉輪損壞；3、轉(zhuǎn)速彳氐于規(guī)定值；1、清洗葉輪或管路；2、更換損壞的零件；3、調(diào)正至額定轉(zhuǎn)速；5、泵消耗的功率過大。1、填料壓得太緊；2、葉輪與雙吸密封環(huán)磨擦；3、油型；1、擰松填料壓蓋；2、檢查原因，消除機(jī)械摩擦；3、調(diào)節(jié)出水閘閥，使之在規(guī)定范圍內(nèi)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)；6、泵內(nèi)部聲音反常，泉不上水。1、吸水管阻力太大；或吸水高度過高；2、

4、吸水處后空氣吸入；3、所輸送液體溫度過高；4、流量過大而發(fā)生汽蝕現(xiàn)象。1、清理進(jìn)水管及底閥；降低吸水高度；2、檢查底閥；降低吸水高度，堵塞漏氣處；3、調(diào)節(jié)液體溫度；4、調(diào)節(jié)出水閘閥，使之在規(guī)定范轉(zhuǎn)內(nèi)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)。7、泉不止常振動(dòng)。1、泵發(fā)生汽蝕；2、葉輪/、平衡；3、泵軸與電機(jī)軸/、同心；4、地腳夫螺栓松動(dòng)。1、倜節(jié)出水閘閥，使之在規(guī)定范圍內(nèi)運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)；2、葉輪校正靜平衡；3、校止宗軸與電機(jī)軸的同軸度；4、擰緊地腳螺栓。8、軸承過熱1、軸承內(nèi)沒有油；2、泵軸與電機(jī)軸/、在同一中心線上；1、檢查并清洗軸承體，加潤(rùn)滑油；2、校止兩軸的同軸度使在同一中心線上；SH/S/SA雙吸中開離心泵結(jié)構(gòu)圖:S、SH型單級(jí)雙吸

5、泵的吸入口與吐出口均在水泵軸心線下方，水平方向與軸線成垂直位置、泵殼.中開，檢修時(shí)無需拆卸進(jìn)水，排出管路及電動(dòng)機(jī)（或其他原動(dòng)機(jī)）從聯(lián)軸器向泵的方向看去，水泵均為逆時(shí)針方向旋轉(zhuǎn)。如根據(jù)用戶特殊訂貨需要也可改為順口寸針旋轉(zhuǎn)。S、SH型單級(jí)雙吸泵的主要另件有：泵體、泵蓋、葉輪、軸、雙吸密封環(huán)、軸套、軸承等。除軸的材料為優(yōu)質(zhì)碳素鋼外，其馀多為鑄鐵制成。泵體與泵蓋構(gòu)成葉輪的工作室，在進(jìn)出水法蘭上制有安裝真空表和壓力表的管螺孔，進(jìn)出水法蘭的下部制有放水的管螺孔。葉輪經(jīng)過靜平衡校驗(yàn)，用軸套和兩側(cè)的軸套螺母固定，其軸向位置可以通過軸套螺母進(jìn)行調(diào)整，葉輪的軸向力利用其葉片的對(duì)稱布置達(dá)到平衡，可能還有一些剩馀軸向

6、力則同軸端的軸承承受。泵軸由兩個(gè)單列向心球軸承支承，軸承裝在泵體兩端的軸承體內(nèi)，用黃油潤(rùn)滑，雙吸密封環(huán)用以減少水泵壓水室的水漏回吸水室。水泵通過聯(lián)軸器由電動(dòng)機(jī)直接傳動(dòng)。軸封為軟填料密封，為了冷卻潤(rùn)滑密封腔和防止空氣漏入泵內(nèi)，在填料之間有水封環(huán)，水泵工作時(shí)小量高壓水通過水封管流入填料腔起水封作用。SH/S/SA雙吸中開離心泵裝配，拆卸，安裝：裝配與拆卸1、裝配轉(zhuǎn)子部件：依次將葉輪、軸套、軸套螺母、填料套、填料環(huán)、填料壓蓋，擋水圈、軸承部件裝在泵軸上，并套上雙吸密封環(huán)，然后裝上聯(lián)軸器。2、將轉(zhuǎn)子部件裝在泵體上，調(diào)整葉輪的軸向位量到兩側(cè)雙吸密封環(huán)的中間加以固定，將軸承體壓蓋同固定螺釘緊固。二/3、裝

7、上填料，放好中開面紙墊，蓋上泵蓋打緊螺尾柱銷后，擰緊泵蓋螺母，最后裝上境料壓蓋。但不要將填料壓得太緊，填料過緊會(huì)使軸套發(fā)熱，耗費(fèi)功率較大，也不要壓得太松，過松會(huì)使液體滲漏大，水泵效率降低。裝配完成后，用手轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)泵軸，沒有擦碰現(xiàn)象，轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)比較輕滑均勻即可，拆卸可按上述裝配順序相反地進(jìn)行。安裝1、檢查水泵和電動(dòng)機(jī)應(yīng)無損壞。2、水泵的安裝高度，加上吸入管路的水力損失，及其速度能，不得大于樣本規(guī)定的允許吸上真空高度值?；A(chǔ)尺寸應(yīng)符合泵機(jī)組的安裝尺寸。3、安裝順序：將水泵放在埋有地腳螺栓的混凝土基礎(chǔ)上，用調(diào)整其間的楔型墊塊的方法校正水平，并適當(dāng)擰緊地腳螺栓，以防走動(dòng)。在基礎(chǔ)與泵底腳之后灌注混凝土。待混凝土干

8、固后，擰緊地腳螺栓，并重新檢查水泵的水平度。校正電動(dòng)機(jī)軸與水泵軸的同心度。使兩軸成一直線，在兩軸器外圓上的同軸度允差為0.1mm,端面間隙沿圓周的不均勻度允差0.3mm（在聯(lián)接進(jìn)出水管路及試運(yùn)行后再分別校核一遍，仍應(yīng)符臺(tái)上述要求）。在檢查電動(dòng)機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)向與水泵轉(zhuǎn)向一致后，裝上聯(lián)軸器及聯(lián)接柱銷。4、進(jìn)出水管路應(yīng)另設(shè)支架支撐，不得籍泵本體支承。5、水泵與管路之間的結(jié)臺(tái)面，應(yīng)保證良好的氣密性，尤其是進(jìn)水管路，必須保證嚴(yán)格的不漏氣，并且在裝置上應(yīng)無窩存空氣的可能。6、如水泵安裝在進(jìn)水水位以上口寸，為了灌泵起動(dòng)，一般可裝底閥。也可采用真空引水的方法。7、水泵與出水管路之后，一般需裝閘閥和止回閥（揚(yáng)程小于20米

9、的可不用），止回閥裝在閘閥后面。以上所述的安裝方法是指不配帶公共底座的水泵機(jī)組。安裝配帶公共底座的泵，用調(diào)整底座與混凝土基礎(chǔ)之間的楔形墊鐵來校正機(jī)組的水平。然后在其間灌注混凝土。其安裝原則與要求，和不配帶公共底座的機(jī)組相同。SH/S/SA雙吸中開離心泵起動(dòng)、停止和運(yùn)行1、起動(dòng)與停止：起動(dòng)前，轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)泵的轉(zhuǎn)子，應(yīng)該輕滑均勻。二/關(guān)閉出水閘閥，向泵內(nèi)注不(如無底閥則用真空泵抽空引水)要保證泵內(nèi)充滿水.無空氣窩存。如果泵上裝有真空表或壓力表.要關(guān)閉其與泵相連接的旋基再起動(dòng)電動(dòng)機(jī).待轉(zhuǎn)速正常后再打開；然后逐漸打開出水閘閥，如流置過大，可以適當(dāng)?shù)仃P(guān)小閘閥進(jìn)行調(diào)節(jié)；反之流量過小時(shí).將閘閥開大。均勻地?cái)Q緊填料壓

10、蓋上的壓緊螺母，使液體成滴狀漏出.同時(shí)注意填料腔處的溫升。當(dāng)停止水泵運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)時(shí).要先關(guān)閉真空表及壓力表的旋塞和出水管路上的閘閥.然后關(guān)閉電動(dòng)機(jī)的電源.如：所處環(huán)境的溫度較低時(shí)，則應(yīng)將泵體下部的四方螺塞打開.去掉水以免凍裂。長(zhǎng)期停止使用時(shí).應(yīng)拆開水泵將另件上的水擦干.在加工表面涂上防銹油保管好。2、運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn):水泵軸承最高溫度不應(yīng)超過75°C。潤(rùn)滑軸承用的鈣基黃油的數(shù)量以占軸承體空間的1/3?1/2為宜。填料磨損時(shí)可適當(dāng)壓緊填料壓蓋.若磨損過多應(yīng)加以更換。定期花查聯(lián)軸器部件.注意電機(jī)軸承溫升。運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)過程中.如發(fā)現(xiàn)臊聲或其他不正常的聲音時(shí)，應(yīng)立即停車.檢查其原因.加以消除。不得任意提高水泵的轉(zhuǎn)速.但

11、可以降低轉(zhuǎn)速使用.如本型泵額定轉(zhuǎn)速為n流量為Q,揚(yáng)程為H.軸功率為N,降低轉(zhuǎn)速為n1.降速后流量.揚(yáng)程.軸功率分別為Q1、H1和N1.其相互關(guān)系.可用下列公式迸行換算：Q1=(n1/n)QH1=(n1/n)2HN1=(n1/n)3NSH/S/SA雙吸中開離心泵基本參數(shù):型號(hào)油Q總揚(yáng)程H(m)轉(zhuǎn)速N(r/min)功率N(Kw)效率刀(%)必須汽蝕余量(m)葉輪直徑mm泵質(zhì)量kgm3/hL/s軸功率電機(jī)功率6Sh-6150s78126358429004055725248150162457845.875198557051.0746Sh-6A150S78A11231672900304568522015

12、0144406233.872180505538.5706Sh-9150S5013036.252290025.33774520014517047.247.627.68022061.23531.3676Sh-9A1203143.8290018.530725186145150S50A144404020.975180503524.5708Sh-6200S9518050100290079.1110625.52842452346593.585.0712888082.588.6738Sh-6A200S95A16044.585.1290060.890615.526224521559.775.664.26926

13、573.670.271.4718Sh-9200S63213606929005575744.72362652888062.561.3805.535197.55067.870.578Sh-9A200S63A1805054.529004155654.5220265270704648.3705.03249037.551656.28Sh-13200S4212621635608448290034.945815.020421916228845807841.338.1856.41983425595703540.2818.28SA-108Sh-13200S421985543290030.537764.81392

14、19270753633.1805.8310863134.476710Sh-6250S6536010071145091.513276446056548613565.11097961217056129.67210Sh-6A250S65A3429561145076.71107444365654681355489.47754015050987510Sh-9250S3936010042.5145055.57575436742848613538.561.58361217032.567.78010Sh-9A250S39A3249035.5145040.25578433842846813030.545.785

15、5761602547.88210Sh-13250S2436010027145033.14580429642048613523.536.2865761601936.48210Sh-13A250S24A3429522.2145025.83780427042041411520.327.68348213417.428.68010Sh-19250S1436010017.5145021.4308042404054861351421.8855761601122.17810Sh-19A250S14A3208913.7145015.4227842244054321201115.8825041408.615.87

16、512Sh-6300S90590164981450213300744.654084779222090245805.593626082279756.512Sh-6A300S90A576160861450190260714.551084575521078217745.391825570246716.412Sh-6B300S90B540150721450151250704.447584572020067180735.190025057200706.212Sh-9300S58576160651450128180805.54355727922205814984972270501687912Sh-9A30

17、0S58A53014755145099.2155805.54025727202004911683893248421317812Sh-9B300S58B50414047.2145082.5135795.53785726841904397.782835232371087812Sh-13300S3261217038145076.290835.535280979222032.279.88790025025.578.18012Sh-13A300S32A55015331145058.175805.53228097202002660.78481022520.5587812Sh-19300S196121702

18、3145047.355815.529066079222019.449.8849352601447.67512Sh-19A300S19A50414020145034.845795.52626607202001638.38290025011.537.67512Sh-28300S1261117014.5145030.337805.52486607922201231.2839002851033.17412Sh-28A300S12A52214511.8145022.430755.52256606851901023.3807922208.724.47714Sh-6350S12585023614014504

19、50680726.5655158012503471255258116634611006207314Sh-6A350S125A8002231251450391630706.562015801180328112462781570436905507014Sh-6B350S125B7452071081450313500706.557515801100305963737714604057742272.514Sh-9350S75972270801450268400796.55001200126035075306841440400653198014SA-1014Sh-9A350S75A90025070145

20、0220300786.54651200117032565247841330370562577914SA-10A14Sh-9AB350S75AB900250601450175250786.54451200108030058196841260350542137914Sh-9B350S75B826230591450178260756.5428120010803005519882122534047.52067714ShA-10814Sh-13350S44972270501470164220816.5410110512635043.8179841480410371887914Sh-13A350S44A8

21、64240411470121180806.53801105112031036130841330370301368014Sh-19350S2697127032145099.7132856.53508801260350261028814404002295.78214Sh-19A350S26A86424026145076.5110806.5326880112031021.57785129636016.5807314Sh-28350S1697127020145064.475726.5290760126035016.265.385144040013.4707514Sh-28A350S16A8642401

22、6145050.255756.5270760104429013.447.68012603501048.37116Sh-9400S96108030098148040050071.55.55351910126035096428771620450904738416Sh-9A400S96A108025085.514803464407365101910126030085370791620350784108416Sh-9B400S96B108030078148029.84407764801910126035076318821620450683498016SA-9J16SA-9C400S96J9002504

23、0980124185793535191010803004014084126035038155.38416SA-9JA90025037980112155815510191016SA-9D400S96JA108030035123841260350321318420Sh-6500S98145040310897058580072.568604330201656098.468079.52300640897357620Sh-6A500S98A134937593970490630706.48004330187052085564772140595776077420Sh-9500S591150430669703

24、405008266822750201656059390832450680504337720Sh-9A500S59A1405390589703004007466402750191053050347752270630423607220Sh-9B500S59B1763490429702733557466002750176349042273741763490422737420Sh-13500S351550430409702062808265502340201656035.1219882410670302478020Sh-13A500S35A1870520319701862408565102340187

25、052031186851870520311868520Sh-19500S221620450279701481808064652010201656022147822340650151377020Sh-19A500S22A1296360239701111307364272010187052017108802016560141017620Sh-202500694.424.5745238.3340704.5605303036001000212488353800105520.4255.982.55.220Sh-20A2500694.422740218.328070558430303600100017.2

26、215805.43800105516216.5785.620Sh-28500297078.91108563902000201656012.87989232564610.6788624SA-1024Sh-9600S75275076480960689900878.776543003420950717279139301092607308824SA-10B24Sh-9A600S75A255070864960516710867.571043003168880615859036401010536108624Sh-9B600S75B230063060960442550857.569

27、04300280077856514883200889495028524Sh-9J600S39260075039730319380905.27654300260075039319902600750393199024Sh-13600S47250269556970460550837.56303200316888047.4465883499972384268024Sh5740316.742070567431203600100030345.9855.54000111128.5365835.824SA-1824Sh-13A600S47A270075048.597043445083

28、7.561540003150875444388836001000323928024Sh-19600S32248070037970295380867.554025503170880323108939601100222798524Sh-19A600S32A230464031.5970235280847.550025502880800272388936001000202318524Sh-20600S212500694.424.5740238.334070560530303600100021248833800105520.425682.524Sh-20A600S21A2500694.422740218

29、.328070558430303600100017.2215803800105516216.37824Sh-28600S22234065023.5970187250807.5500250028808002119584.53420950182078128SA-1028Sh-10700S903715103299.598011571250879.5415250047001306901252924898136087101889.528SA-10A28Sh-10A700S90A342095284.5980929125085884058004336120476.5100590451712557410188

30、9.528SA-10J28Sh-10JA700S90JA2111586.457.574250171052577558003600100052555724248118043.55957928SA-10JA28Sh-10JB700S90JB2400667517423975608458505800300083347431893744104039.547488.532Sh-9800S7644001222827401128150087878058005500152876125091660017226813848832Sh-9A800S76A41601156757429761400867.59008000

31、5200146469108586620017226312228732Sh-10468013008474212161600888.5880800063301758751405927200200067.514789032Sh-10A4470124276.560010601400887.5990830057601600701194926878191061.512968932Sh-10J39601100507307021000776.595083005070140847.57858462101725448628732SA-19E32Sh-19800S324700130535730575630786.599083005500153032.5580846010167028.956783.56460179525.456780.532SA-1932Sh-19A4550126031750492560786.5740510053