定語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句

1、定語(yǔ)從句1. They visited the house where Zhou Enlai once lived and worked.1 定語(yǔ)從句2 Zhou Enlai once lived and worked in the house.3 先行詞 the house 在定從中充當(dāng)?shù)攸c(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，所以用where連接； 譯文：他們?nèi)⒂^了（周恩來(lái)曾經(jīng)居住和工作過(guò)的）房子。2. This is the house which/that was bought last year by my uncle.1 定語(yǔ)從句2 The house was bought last year by my un

2、cle.3 先行詞 the house 在定從中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)，所以用which或that連接； 譯文：這就是（去年我舅舅買(mǎi)下來(lái)的）房子。3. I will never forget the day when I met you for the first time.定語(yǔ)從句 I met you for the first time on the day.先行詞the day在定從中充當(dāng)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，所以用when連接； 譯文：我永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記（第一次見(jiàn)到你的）那一天。4. I will never forget the day which/that we spent together.定語(yǔ)從句 We s

3、pent the day together.先行詞the day在定從中充當(dāng)spent的賓語(yǔ)，所以用which/that連接； 譯文：我永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記（我們?cè)谝黄鸲冗^(guò)的）那一天。5. Yesterday I met Tom, whose father is a doctor.定語(yǔ)從句 Toms father is a doctor.先行詞Tom在定從中充當(dāng)定語(yǔ)Toms，所以用whose連接； 譯文：我昨天遇到了湯姆，（他的）爸爸是一個(gè)醫(yī)生。6. He bought a telescope through which he could study the sky.定語(yǔ)從句 He could stu

4、dy the sky through a telescope.先行詞a telescope指“物”在定從中充當(dāng)介詞through的賓語(yǔ)，因?yàn)閠hrough提前到了從句前面，所以用which連接； 譯文：他買(mǎi)了一架望遠(yuǎn)鏡，通過(guò)它可以研究天空。7. He has two daughters, both of whom dance well.定語(yǔ)從句 Both of the two daughters dance well.先行詞the two daughters指“人”，在定從中充當(dāng)介詞of的賓語(yǔ)，所以用whom連接； 譯文：他有兩個(gè)女兒，兩個(gè)都很會(huì)跳舞。8. The reason why he

5、was late was unknown.定語(yǔ)從句 He was late for the reason.先行詞the reason在定從中和介詞for構(gòu)成原因狀語(yǔ)，所以用why或for which 連接； 譯文：（他遲到的）原因不明。同位語(yǔ)從句1. There remains a doubt among the public whether the medicine is safe enough for children. 同位語(yǔ)從句 從句解釋或說(shuō)明“名詞a doubt”的內(nèi)容 從句不缺任何成分，但缺“是否”的意思，用whether連接。 譯文：公眾仍然有一個(gè)疑惑：這種藥對(duì)孩子是否足夠安全。

6、2. There arose the question where we could get the loan. 同位語(yǔ)從句 從句解釋或說(shuō)明“名詞the question”的內(nèi)容 從句缺少地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)：we could get the loan _. 用where連接。 譯文：現(xiàn)在的問(wèn)題是我們?nèi)ツ睦锱竭@筆貸款。3. Weve just heard a warning on the radio that a typhoon may be on its way. 同位語(yǔ)從句 從句解釋或說(shuō)明“名詞a warning”的內(nèi)容 從句不缺任何成分：a typhoon may be on its way. 用

7、that連接。 譯文：我們剛剛從收音機(jī)聽(tīng)到一個(gè)警告，臺(tái)風(fēng)可能就要來(lái)了。4. We were excited at the news that our Chinese athletes won many gold medals. 同位語(yǔ)從句 從句解釋或說(shuō)明“名詞the news”的內(nèi)容 從句不缺任何成分：our Chinese athletes won many gold medals. 用that連接。 譯文：我們的運(yùn)動(dòng)員獲得了很多的金牌，聽(tīng)到這個(gè)消息，我們都很興奮。5. The fact that he succeeded in the experiment pleased everybod

8、y. 同位語(yǔ)從句 從句解釋或說(shuō)明“名詞the fact”的內(nèi)容 從句不缺任何成分：he succeeded in the experiment. 用that連接。 譯文：他試驗(yàn)取得了成功，這個(gè)事實(shí)讓大家很高興。 同位語(yǔ)從句通常由that引導(dǎo)，有時(shí)也可用 whether, who, what, why , when等引導(dǎo)，具體看同位語(yǔ)從句缺少什么成分。常見(jiàn)的后接同位語(yǔ)從句的名詞有：fact / news / idea / reason /hope / belief / truth / dream / problem / advice / suggestion / thought / order

9、/ doubt / answer /question / reply等。先把從句劃出來(lái)，再判斷是屬于什么從句，說(shuō)明連接詞在從句中充當(dāng)?shù)某煞?，并翻譯句子。1. They are familiar with the opinion that all matter consists of atoms.2. The opinion that the professor showed meant all matter consists of atoms.3. I think of an idea that all of you will agree with.4. I have no idea whet

10、her he will come or not.5. The plan that he raised was reasonable.6. The plan that you will go there next week has to be changed.7. The news that he was kidnapped surprised us greatly.8. The news that he told me yesterday was true.9. The reason why he could not go there was that his grades were too

11、low.10. The reason that he was allergic to alcohol couldn't convince the lawyer.11. I made a promise that if anyone set me free I would make him very rich.12. Sally made a promise that pleased all of us.選擇題1. My friend showed me round the town, _was very kind of him. A. which B. that C. where D.

12、 it 2. A person _ e-mail account is full wont be able to send or receive any e-mails.A. who B. whom C. whose D. whoever3. _is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month.   A. It   B. As   C. That   D. What4. _is known to everybody that th

13、e moon travels round the earth once every month.A. It   B. As   C. What   D. That5. Jim passed the driving test, _ surprised everybody in the office.A.which B.thatC.this D.it6. We are living in an age _ many things are done on computer.  A. which   B. tha

14、t   C. whose   D. when 7. Gun control is a subject _ Americans have argued for a long time. A. of which B. with which C. about which D. into which8. She brought with her three friends, none of _ I had ever met before.A. them B. who C. whom D. these9. What the doctors really doubt is _my mother will recover from the serious disease soon. A. when B. how C. whether D. why10. Last week, only two people came to look at the house, _ wanted to buy it.A.none of themB.both of them C.none of whom D.neither of whom11.