高三英語狀語從句考點專題復(fù)習(xí)

1、從句從句（Subordinate Clause）是復(fù)合句中不能獨立成句，但具有主語部分和謂語部分，由that、who、whom、when、why、where、how、which等引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)的非主句部分。 從句不能單獨成句，但它也有主語部分和謂語部分，是一個特殊句子，就像一個句子一樣。所不同在于，從句須由一個關(guān)聯(lián)詞（connective）引導(dǎo)。根據(jù)從句語法功能的不同可分為：主語從句、表語從句、賓語從句、同位語從句（名詞性）、定語從句（形容詞性）和狀語從句（狀語性質(zhì)）6類。 主語從句、表語從句、主語從句、表語從句、賓語從句、同位語從句賓語從句、同位語從句What we need is time.

2、The question is when we can arrive at the hotel. I dont think you are right I heard the news that our team had won 定語從句定語從句是由關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的從句，其作用是作定語修飾主句的某個名詞性成分，相當(dāng)于形容詞，所以又稱為形容詞性從句，一般緊跟在它所修飾的先行詞后面。The dog that/which was lost has been found. 狀語說明地點、時間、原因、目的、結(jié)果、條件、方向、程度、方式和伴隨狀況等。狀語一般由副詞、介詞短語、分詞和分詞短語、不定式

3、或相當(dāng)于副詞的詞或短語來擔(dān)當(dāng)。狀語1.副詞一般在句子中做狀語He speaks English very well. 他英語說得非常好.He is playing under the tree.中的under the tree是地點狀語.2. 不定式在句子中可以作目的狀語。I come specially to see you.我專門來看你.3.介詞短語Ten years ago, She began to live in Dalian.The boy was praised for his bravery.4.從句作狀語When she was 12 years old, she began

4、 to live in Dalian.If I am not busy tomorrow, I will play football with you.5.分詞作狀語Having had a quarrel with his wife, he left home in a bad temper。Inhibited in one direction, it now seems that the Mississippi is about to take another.狀語從句狀語從句（Adverbial Clause），在復(fù)合句），在復(fù)合句中作狀語的從句，叫做狀語從句。中作狀語的從句，叫做狀語從

5、句。句子用作狀語時，起副詞作用。狀句子用作狀語時，起副詞作用。狀語從句主要用來修飾主句或主句的語從句主要用來修飾主句或主句的謂語。謂語。 Adverbial Clauses 時間時間-when,while,as,after,before,since,until/till, once, as soon as/the moment/immediately 一一就就 each/every time, by the time地點地點-where,anywhere,everywhere原因原因-because,since,as, now that(既然既然)條件條件-if,unless, suppose

6、（假設(shè)（假設(shè)）, in case（以防）（以防）, so(as) long as（只要）（只要）, on condition that（條件是）（條件是）讓步讓步-(al)though, as, even if, even though, no matter /ever目的目的-so that, in order that, 結(jié)果結(jié)果-so that, sothat, suchthat方式方式-as, as if/as though（好像）（好像）比較比較-than, asas/The, the. 時間狀語從句常用連詞：時間狀語從句常用連詞：_: when, while, as, _: sin

7、ce_: before_: till, until, notuntil_: as soon as, immediately, the moment, the minute, directly, instantly, _: no sooner than, hardly/scarcelywhen _: each/every time, next time 直到直到 當(dāng)當(dāng)?shù)臅r候的時候自從自從 以來以來還沒還沒就就一一就就 在在之前之前剛剛就就 每次每次, 下次下次必須用必須用when的情況的情況We were about to go out when the teacher came in.我們正要

8、出去，我們正要出去， 突然老師進(jìn)來了。突然老師進(jìn)來了。We were doing our homework when the teacher came in.我們正在寫作業(yè)時，突然老師進(jìn)來了。我們正在寫作業(yè)時，突然老師進(jìn)來了。 be about to do sth. when be doing sth. when1. when, while, as 1. 當(dāng)當(dāng)時時While he was walking in the street, he met Tim. （ 時間狀語從句）時間狀語從句）=While walking in the street, he met Tim. （現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語）（現(xiàn)

9、在分詞作狀語）= Walking in the street, he met Tom. （省略（省略while）2. 然而然而 （表對比）（表對比）I like tea while she likes coffee.必須用必須用while的情況的情況3. 雖然雖然但是但是 (表讓步表讓步)While volleyball is her main focus, shes also great at basketball.As the sun rose, the fog dispersed. As times goes, its getting colder. 經(jīng)常用經(jīng)常用as的情況的情況強調(diào)主從

10、句動作強調(diào)主從句動作同時發(fā)生同時發(fā)生有有 “隨著隨著”或或 “一邊一邊一邊一邊”的意思的意思 _ I was walking down the street, I noticed a police car in front of the store. _ John arrived, I was cooking lunch. _ he grew older, he lost interest in everything except gardening. I was wandering through the street_ I caught sight of a tailors shop.Wh

11、ile/When/AsWhenwhenwhenAsExercise 1）“還未還未就就;不到不到就就;” We had sailed four days and four nights before we saw land. 我們航行了4天4夜才看到陸地. We hadnt run a mile before he felt tired. 我們跑了還不到一英里他就累了. Before I could get in a word, he had measured me. 我還沒來得及插話他就給我 量好了尺寸.2. before, sinceI. before 2） 從句中謂語不用否定式從句中謂語

12、不用否定式 Before they reached the station, the train had gone. 他們還沒到火車站，火車已開走了。3） It will be+一段時間一段時間+ before多久之后才多久之后才 It will be half a year before I come back. 還得呆半年我才能回來. It wont be long before we meet again. 沒多長時間我們就會見面了.2. before, since1）從句的謂語動詞一般是非延續(xù)性動詞非延續(xù)性動詞, 主句的謂語動詞是延續(xù)性延續(xù)性的或者是反反 復(fù)發(fā)生過的動作復(fù)發(fā)生過的動作.

13、 Since 從句的時態(tài)若 是一般過去時, 從句時態(tài)是現(xiàn)在完成時 或現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時. I have written home four times since I came here. 自從我來到這兒, 我給家寫了四封信. She has been working in this factory since she left school. 她離開學(xué)校以來就在這個工廠工作。II. since2. before, since 2） It is+一段時間一段時間+since從句從句 時間從時間從since從句的動作完成或狀態(tài)結(jié)束時從句的動作完成或狀態(tài)結(jié)束時 算起算起. It is three ye

14、ars since the war broke out. 自戰(zhàn)爭爆發(fā)以來有三年了. It is three years since I stopped smoking a cigar 我不吸煙有三年了. It is three years since I began to smoke.我吸煙有三年了.2. before, since 1. The research will take Joan and Paul about five months; it will be a long time _ we meet them again. A. after B. beforeC. since D

15、. when 2. We have never seen her again_ she went to work in another city. A. when B. as C. since D. while3. He was told that it would be at least three more months _ he could recover and return to work. A. when B. before C. since D. thatExerciseUntil 比比till更正式更正式Until可以放句首可以放句首,till不可以不可以I wont leav

16、e until/till he comes back.I will stay her until/till he comes back.Until he comes back, I wont go.It was _ that I left.Not until_.not until he came backhe comes back will I leave3. till, until, notunitl4. as soon as, immediately, the moment, the minute, directly, the instant, instantly, no soonerth

17、an, hardly/scarcelywhen As soon as he entered the classroom, the bell rang. He had _ when the bell rang. He had _ than the bell rang.hardly entered the roomno sooner entered the room Hardly/Scarely _ when the bell rang.had he entered the room5. each/every time, next time, the first/last time, any ti

18、me, all the time, by the time Each time I was in trouble, he would come to help me out. Be sure to call me next time you come here. He was ill the last time I visited him. By the time I graduate from this school, I will have been here for three years.功能引導(dǎo)詞時間when, while, as, since, before,till, until

19、, not.until, as soon as , immediately, the moment, the minute, once, directly, the instant, instantlyno soonerthan, hardly/scarcelywhen, every time, each time, next time, the first time, any time, all the time, Summary 1. I was so familiar with him that I recognized his voice _ I picked up the phone

20、. while B. afterC. In case D. the minute2. How long do you think it will take _ our product becomes popular with the consumers? when B. untilC. before D. sinceExercise3. _ the day went on, the weather got worse.With B. since C. As D. While4. He was halfway through his meal _ a familiar voice came to

21、 his ears.why B. where C. when D. while5. Hardly _ into the village _ it began to rain.we had got; when B. we got; thanC. had we got; when D. did we get; thanExercisePractice1. How long has this bookshop been in business? -_ 1999. A. After B. In C. From D. Since2. Mother was worried because little A

22、lice was ill, especially _ Father was away in France. A. as B. that C. during D. if3. - I am going to the post office.-_ Youre there, can you get me some stamps? A. As B. While C. Because D. If4. Someone called me up in the middle of the night, but they hung up _ I could answer the phone. A. as B. s

23、ince C. until D. beforeDABD5. Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her? Yes, I gave it to her _ I saw her. A. while B. the moment C. suddenly D. once6. A good storyteller must be able to hold his listeners curiosity _ he reaches the end of the story. A. when B. unless C. after D. until7.

24、 Generally speaking, _ according to the directions, the drug has no side effect. A. when taking B. when taken C. when to take D. when to be takenBDB8. Was his father very strict with him when he was at school? Yes. He has never praised him _ he became one of the top students in his grade.A. after B.

25、 unless C. until D. when 9. He made a mistake, but then he corrected the situation _ it got worse. A. until B. when C. before D. as10. Scientists say it may be five or six years _ it is possible to test this medicine on human patients.A. since B. after C. before D. when 11. It was evening _ we reach

26、ed the little town of Winchester . A. that B. until C. since D. beforeCCCD12. _ modeling business is by no means easy to get into, the good model will always be in demand. A. While B. Since C. As D. If13. We were swimming in the lake _ suddenly the storm started. A. when B. while C. until D. before1

27、4. We were told that we should follow the main road _ we reached the central railway station .A. whenever B. until C. while D. wherever AAB15. Several weeks had gone by _I realized the painting, was missing. A. as B. before C. since D. when16. Jasmine was holidaying with her family in a wildlife par

28、k _she was bitten on the leg by a lion.A. when B. while C. since D. once 17. It is almost five years _we saw each other last time.A. before B. since C. after D. when18. Simon thought his computer was broken_ his little brother pointed out that he had forgotten to turn it on. A. until B. unless C. af

29、ter D. becauseBABA20. Did Jack come back early last night?Yes. It was not yet eight oclock_ he arrived home. A. before B. when C. that D. until21. - How long do you think it will be _ China sends a manned spaceship to the moon?- Perhaps two or three years. A. when B. until C. that D. before22. You c

30、ant have this football back _you promise not to kick it at my cat again, the old man said firmly. A. because B. since C. when D. untilBDD1. I had just stepped out of the bathroom and was busily drying myself with a towel _ I heard the steps.A. while B. when C. since D. after2. That was really a sple

31、ndid evening. It s years _ I enjoyed myself so much. A. when B. that C. before D. since3. - Why didnt you tell him about the meeting?- He rushed out of the room _I could say a word. A. before B. until C. when D. after4. The field research will take Joan and Paul about five months; it will be a long

32、time _ we meet them again. A. after B. before C. since D. when5. He was told that it would be at least three more months _he could recover and return to work.A. when B. before C. since D. that6. It is difficult for us to learn a lesson in life _ weve actually had that lesson. A. until B. after C. si

33、nce D. when7、Im sorry youve been waiting so long, but itll still be some time _ Brian get back. A. before B. since C. till D. after8、Are you ready for Spain ? - Yes , I want the girls to experience that _ they are young .A. while B. until C. if D. before 9、I used to love that film _ I was a child, b

34、ut I dont feel it that way any more. A. once B. when C. since D. although10、10、Jerry rushed home _ he heard the new, only _ that his wife was gone.A. as soon as; finding B. immediately; to findC. the moment; find D. when; found (10 黑龍江黑龍江)2. 地點地點狀語從句狀語從句地點狀語從句用連接副詞地點狀語從句用連接副詞 where或或wherever (在任何地方在

35、任何地方) 引導(dǎo)。引導(dǎo)。e.g. a. Just stay where you are. b. You can put the book wherever you want to.When he reads a book, his habit is to make a mark _ the meaning is unclear to him.A. there B. wherever C. the place D. in which2. If you are travelling _ the customs are totally different from your own, you may

36、 feel a cultural shock.A. in the place B. whichC. in which D. where3. 原因原因狀語從句狀語從句原因狀語從句表示主句中的某一動作原因狀語從句表示主句中的某一動作或狀態(tài)所發(fā)生的原因。引導(dǎo)這種從句或狀態(tài)所發(fā)生的原因。引導(dǎo)這種從句 常用的連接詞是：常用的連接詞是：because, since, as, for, now that 及及 considering等。等。e.g. He didnt come to school because he was ill.c.f. He might be ill, for he didnt co

37、me to school.表示表示“直接直接”原因。原因。表示表示“間接的推斷間接的推斷”原因原因.不可出現(xiàn)在句首。不可出現(xiàn)在句首。Jenny was very sad over the loss of the photos she had shot at Canada, _ this was a memory she especially treasured.A. as B. if C. when D. where2. Some people believe that _ oil is running out, the fate of the motor industry is uncert

38、ain.A. / B. though C. for D. since4. 條件條件狀語從句狀語從句 條件狀語從句表示主句中的某一條件狀語從句表示主句中的某一動作或狀態(tài)是在什么情況或條件下發(fā)動作或狀態(tài)是在什么情況或條件下發(fā)生的。條件狀語從句中通常用一般現(xiàn)生的。條件狀語從句中通常用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來。在時表示將來。條件狀語從句由從屬連詞引導(dǎo)：條件狀語從句由從屬連詞引導(dǎo)：if, unless (除非除非), as / so long as (只要只要), on condition (只要只要), in case (假使假使) , providing / provided (that) 等。等。e.g

39、. a. Well come over to see you on Saturday if we have time.b. We should serve the people as / so long as we live.1. We will be able to get there on time, _ our car doesnt break down on the road. as soon as B. as far asC. as long as D. as well as2. In time of serious accidents, _ we know some basic t

40、hings about first aid, we can save lives. whether B. untilC. if D. unless3. _ you have tried it, you cant imagine how pleasant it is.A. Unless B. BecauseC. Although D. When4. The official soon realized that, _, things would get worse.unless dealt with properlyif not properly dealing with itunless pr

41、operly dealt withif dealt not properly with5. 讓步讓步狀語從句狀語從句在復(fù)合句中表示讓步概念的狀語從句在復(fù)合句中表示讓步概念的狀語從句被稱為讓步狀語從句。通常由下列詞被稱為讓步狀語從句。通常由下列詞語引導(dǎo)：語引導(dǎo)：though, although, even if, even though, while, no matter who/ , however 等。等。由由wh-詞詞 + ever構(gòu)成的連接代詞或連接構(gòu)成的連接代詞或連接副詞也可以引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。副詞也可以引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。讓步狀語從句可以位于主句前、后，讓步狀語從句可以位于主句前、后，

42、有時插在主句中間。有時插在主句中間。e.g. a. I will go, whatever he may say. b. Their tent, though (it was) light as a feather, remained firm.c. Though / Although he was old, he worked hard. = He was old but he worked hard.注意一個典型的中國錯誤：注意一個典型的中國錯誤： though / although 切不可與切不可與but連用。連用。_ I accept that he is not perfect, I

43、 do actually like the person.While B. since C. Before D. Unless2. The workers are determined to go through with their railway project, _ the expenses have risen.as long as B. even thoughC. now that D. as though3. _, he knows more than other children of his age.A. However young child he isB. Child as

44、 he isC. No matter how young child isD. What a young child he is4. I really want the match, however much _.A. does it cost B. costs itC. will it cost D. it costs5. _ we have finished the course, we shall start doing more revision work.For now B. Now thatC. By now D. until6. _, the idea of having to

45、work under a woman defeated him.Wanting the job very muchAlthough wanting the job badlyThough he wanted the job very muchA. He wanted the job badly6. 目的目的狀語從句狀語從句引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句的連詞引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句的連詞:in order that 用于正式文體中，所引用于正式文體中，所引從句可于主句前或后。從句可于主句前或后。so thata. 較常用，一般用于主句后較常用，一般用于主句后,有時可分開，有時可分開，so 有時可省有時可省; 從句中

46、從句中要有情態(tài)動詞要有情態(tài)動詞，否則，否則, 就成為下一種句型：就成為下一種句型：b. 無無情態(tài)動詞則引導(dǎo)情態(tài)動詞則引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀結(jié)果狀語語從句。從句。for fear that; in case; lest (以免以免)等。等。e.g. a. Well sit nearer the front so we can hear better. b. I shall write it down lest I should forget. 注意：注意：當(dāng)從句與主句的主語一致時，可當(dāng)從句與主句的主語一致時，可用用so as to do 或或 in order to do e.g. He ran fast

47、so that he might arrive there before ten oclock. He ran fast so as to arrive there before ten oclock.7. 結(jié)果結(jié)果狀語從句狀語從句結(jié)果結(jié)果狀語從句常位于主句之后，由狀語從句常位于主句之后，由so, so that, such that; so that 等等引導(dǎo)。引導(dǎo)。e.g. a. So quickly did he run that I couldnt catch up with him. b. The bus broke down so that we had to walk home.

48、 c. He got to the station finally, only to find the train had left.8. 方式方式狀語從句狀語從句描述主句動作進(jìn)行方式的狀語被稱描述主句動作進(jìn)行方式的狀語被稱為方式狀語。通常用下列詞語引導(dǎo)：為方式狀語。通常用下列詞語引導(dǎo)：as, just as, as if, as though, according to 等。等。e.g. a. We must do as the Party tells us. b. Leave the things as they are. c. Most plants need sunlight just

49、 as they need water. d. It sounds as if it is raining.9. 比較比較狀語從句狀語從句比較狀語從句常由下列詞語引導(dǎo)：比較狀語從句常由下列詞語引導(dǎo)： as as, not so / as as, morethan, less than, the more + adj. / adv., the more + adj. / adv.e.g. a. He is not so / as healthy as his brother. b. They jumped up and down as hard as they could. c. John is

50、 less clever than Peter.Roses need special care _ they can live through winter.because B. so thatC. even if D. as2. If things are left _ they are, the problems will never be settled, Im afraid.how B. as C. what D. where3. Careful surveys have pointed out that as many as 50 percent of the patients do

51、 not take drugs _ directed.like B. so C. which D. as4. I dare not go there _ my parents will see me.in case of B. for fear ofC. in order that D. for fear that誤區(qū)警示誤區(qū)警示1.1.一旦你掌握了這種方法，你就會覺得很有用場。一旦你掌握了這種方法，你就會覺得很有用場。2.2.他做完了家庭作業(yè)后，出去玩了。他做完了家庭作業(yè)后，出去玩了。3.3.在有問題的地方作個記號。在有問題的地方作個記號。4.4.武漢位于長江和漢江交匯處。武漢位于長江和漢江

52、交匯處。5.5.因為我喜歡，所以我把這事給做了。因為我喜歡，所以我把這事給做了。6.6.既然大家都在這兒，那我們一起討論一下，然后作個決定。既然大家都在這兒，那我們一起討論一下，然后作個決定。Once you master this method, youll find its quite useful.After he finished his homework,he went out to play.Make a mark where you have a question.Wuhan lies where the Yangtze River and the Han River meet.

53、I do it because I like it.Now that everyone is here, lets have a discussion and then make a decision.7.7.只要我們不灰心，我們會找出解決困難的辦法來的。只要我們不灰心，我們會找出解決困難的辦法來的。8.8.如果天氣允許的話，我就會去那兒。如果天氣允許的話，我就會去那兒。9.9.雖然我們?nèi)鄙偃耸?，但我們會想法按時完成工作的。雖然我們?nèi)鄙偃耸?，但我們會想法按時完成工作的。10.10.他雖然是個孩子，但懂得很多。他雖然是個孩子，但懂得很多。11.11.無論有多遠(yuǎn)，今晚我都會開車去那兒的。無論有多遠(yuǎn)

54、，今晚我都會開車去那兒的。As long as we dont lose heart,well find a way to overcome the difficulty.If weather permits,I will go there.Well try to finish the work in time though/although were short of manpower.Child as he is,he knows a lot.However far it is,I intend to drive there tonight.12.12.讓我們坐到前面的座位上，以便能看得更

55、清楚些。讓我們坐到前面的座位上，以便能看得更清楚些。13.13.最好多帶些衣服，以防天氣轉(zhuǎn)冷。最好多帶些衣服，以防天氣轉(zhuǎn)冷。14.14.為了趕上早班車，他起了個大早。為了趕上早班車，他起了個大早。15.15.他起了個大早，結(jié)果趕上了早班車。他起了個大早，結(jié)果趕上了早班車。16.16.我們匆匆忙忙地離開，忘了鎖門。我們匆匆忙忙地離開，忘了鎖門。17.17.他反應(yīng)那么快，沒人能和他相比。他反應(yīng)那么快，沒人能和他相比。Lets take the front seats so that we can see more clearly.Better take more clothes in case t

56、he weather turns cold.He got up very early so that/in order that he might/could catch the early bus.He got up very early so that he caught the early bus.We left in such a hurry that we forgot to lock the door.He reacts so quickly (that) no one can match him.18.18.你必須按照我說的去做。你必須按照我說的去做。19.19.他的表現(xiàn)好像什么

57、都沒發(fā)生。他的表現(xiàn)好像什么都沒發(fā)生。20.20.他回答得和他姐姐一樣快。他回答得和他姐姐一樣快。21.21.他比他姐姐快。他比他姐姐快。22.22.你練得越多，你就會更好。你練得越多，你就會更好。You must do as I tell you to.He acted as if (though) nothing had happened.He answers as quickly as his sister (does).He is quicker than his sister (is).The more you practise, the better you will get/be.

58、Multiple choice.1._,I went to the railway station to see my friend off. (1991) A.After eating quickly my dinner B.After my quickly eating dinner C.After eating my dinner quickly D.After eating my quickly dinner2.Although he is considered a great writer,_. A.his works are not widely read B.but his wo

59、rks are not widely read C.however his works are not widely read D.still his works are not widely read (1991)CA3.You will be late you leave immediately. (1992) A. unlessB. until C. if D. Or4.-What was the party like? (1993) -Wonderful.Its years_I enjoyed myself so much. A.after B.before C.when D.sinc

60、e5.Mother was worried because little Alice was ill, especially_Father was away in France. (1994) A.as B.that C.during D.if6.She thought I was talking about her daughter,_, in fact, I was talking about my daughter. (1995) A.when B.where C.which D.whileADAD7.When a pencil is partly in a glass of water