7.3 單總線(xiàn)MIPS CPU現(xiàn)代時(shí)序硬布線(xiàn)控制器原理教學(xué)課件

1、單總線(xiàn)CPU 現(xiàn)代時(shí)序控制器譚志虎1單總線(xiàn)結(jié)構(gòu)CPU指令周期（控制流）取指令周期計(jì)算周期節(jié)拍控制信號(hào)(4 cycles)T1PCout, ARin, XinT2+4T3Zout, PCin, DREin, Read T4DRout, IRin節(jié)拍lw (5 cycles)sw (5 cycles)beq (5 cycles)add (3 cycles)addi (3 cycles)T5Rout, XinRout, XinRout, XinT6IR(I)out,ADDIR(I)out, ADDRout, Rs/Rt, SUB, PSWinT7Zout, ARinZout, ARinPCout,

2、XinRout, XinRout , XinT8DREin, Read Rout, Rs/Rt, DRinIR(A)out, ADDRs/Rt, Rout, ADD IR(I)out , ADD T9DRout, RinDREout, WriteZout，Cin=PSW.equalZout, Rin, RegDstZout , Rin , RegDst執(zhí)行周期n 傳統(tǒng)三級(jí)時(shí)序u機(jī)器周期同步，慢、設(shè)計(jì)簡(jiǎn)單 n 現(xiàn)代時(shí)序u時(shí)鐘周期同步，快，設(shè)計(jì)復(fù)雜S0S1S2S3S4S5S6S7S8S9S10S11S12S13S14S15S16S17S18S19S20S21S22S23S24不同狀態(tài)對(duì)應(yīng)不同指令階

3、段不同狀態(tài)對(duì)應(yīng)不同指令階段2指令執(zhí)行狀態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)換圖 狀態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)換表現(xiàn)態(tài)lwswbeqaddaddiequal次態(tài)S0S0 x xx xx xx xx xS1S1S1S1x xx xx xx xx xS2S2S2S2x xx xx xx xx xS3S3S3S31 1S4S4S3S31 1S9S9S3S31 1S14S14S3S31 1S19S19S3S31 1S22S223有限狀態(tài)機(jī)FSM 狀態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)換表現(xiàn)態(tài)lwlwswswbeqbeqaddaddaddiaddiEqualEqual次態(tài)S0S0 x xx xx xx xx xx xS1S1S1S1x xx xx xx xx xx xS2S2S2S2x x

4、x xx xx xx xx xS3S3S3S31 1S4S4S3S31 1S9S9S3S31 1S14S14S3S31 1S19S19S3S31 1S22S22S4S4x xx xx xx xx xx xS5S5S5S5x xx xx xx xx xx xS6S6S6S6x xx xx xx xx xx xS7S7S7S7x xx xx xx xx xx xS8S8S8S8x xx xx xx xx xx xS0S0S15S151 1S16S16S15S150 0S0S0S16S16S17S17取指令周期狀態(tài)lwbeq4現(xiàn)代時(shí)序系統(tǒng)硬布線(xiàn)控制器指指令令寄寄存存器器IR反饋信號(hào)I1ImB1BjI

5、D狀態(tài)寄存器狀態(tài)寄存器微操作控制信號(hào)序列C1Cn硬布線(xiàn)硬布線(xiàn)控制器控制器組合邏輯組合邏輯現(xiàn)態(tài)FSMFSM狀態(tài)機(jī)狀態(tài)機(jī)組合邏輯組合邏輯次態(tài)時(shí)鐘CLK現(xiàn)態(tài)次態(tài)指令指令譯碼譯碼操作控制信號(hào)僅與狀態(tài)寄存器現(xiàn)態(tài)有關(guān)5現(xiàn)代時(shí)序硬布線(xiàn)控制器設(shè)計(jì)步驟1. 列出所有指令的指令周期流程圖，明確各節(jié)拍控制信號(hào)2. 繪制指令執(zhí)行狀態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)換圖3. 構(gòu)建狀態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)換表4. 實(shí)現(xiàn)有限狀態(tài)機(jī)組合邏輯5. 實(shí)現(xiàn)控制器組合邏輯電路6傳統(tǒng)三級(jí)時(shí)序與現(xiàn)代時(shí)序?qū)Ρ葧r(shí)序發(fā)生器時(shí)序發(fā)生器微操作控制信號(hào)序列指指令令寄寄存存器器IR反饋信號(hào)M1MiT1TkI1ImC1CnB1Bj啟動(dòng)ID硬布線(xiàn)控制器硬布線(xiàn)控制器組合邏輯線(xiàn)路組合邏輯線(xiàn)路時(shí)鐘CLK停止指令指令譯碼譯碼指指令令寄寄存存器器IR反饋信號(hào)I1Im微操作控制信號(hào)序列C1CnB1BjID狀態(tài)寄存器狀態(tài)寄存器硬布線(xiàn)硬布線(xiàn)控制器控制器組合邏輯組合邏輯現(xiàn)態(tài)現(xiàn)態(tài)FSMFSM狀態(tài)機(jī)狀態(tài)機(jī)組合邏輯組合邏輯次態(tài)