chapter 7 interview

1、Management CommunicationChapter 7Interview Objectives 1. Interview;2. Job interview;3. Interviewing skills.Interviewing types1. Job interview;2. Interview of information collecting;3. Interview of information issuing;4. Interview of problem solving: evaluating interview; rectifying interview; consul

2、ting interview.ReturnJob interview1. Interviewing modes;2. Interviewing procedures;3. Principles of interviewer;4. Errors in the interview;5. Skills for job seeker.ReturnInterviewing modes1. Discourse interview;2. Stimulated operating interview.1. Structuring interview;2. Unstructuring interview.1.

3、Individual interview: one-one interview; experimenter interview.2. Team interview;3. Group discussion.1. The first interview;2. The second interview;3. The third interview.ReturnInterviewing procedures1. Working analysis;2. To confirm aims;3. To formulate interviewing questions;4. To confirm evaluat

4、ion standards;5. To form interviewing team and practice.ReturnContents of interviewing questions 個(gè)人背景，家庭情況，學(xué)習(xí)經(jīng)歷，工作經(jīng)歷等； 個(gè)人成就，學(xué)業(yè)成績(jī)，工作成績(jī)，獎(jiǎng)賞情況，專長(zhǎng)等； 理論知識(shí)，實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn)，知識(shí)面或有關(guān)常識(shí)等； 興趣愛(ài)好，職業(yè)興趣，知識(shí)興趣，生活情趣等； 邏輯思維能力，分析問(wèn)題能力，語(yǔ)言表達(dá)能力等； 價(jià)值觀念，是非標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，個(gè)人理想等； 求職動(dòng)機(jī)及意愿，應(yīng)聘動(dòng)因，就職期望，工作要求等。ReturnPrinciples of interviewer 1 只問(wèn)與工作有關(guān)的問(wèn)題 2 不要

5、過(guò)早作出判斷 3 掌握面試時(shí)間 4 對(duì)每一個(gè)求職者一視同仁 5 對(duì)求職者要充分重視 6 注意非語(yǔ)言行為 ReturnErrors in the interview Comparability error; Comparison error; Negative information; Sex and age bias; First impression error; Halo effect.ReturnSkills for job seeker1 一個(gè)了解一個(gè)了解 2 兩個(gè)切忌兩個(gè)切忌 1)忌好高騖遠(yuǎn)，不切實(shí)際。忌好高騖遠(yuǎn)，不切實(shí)際。 2)忌妄自菲薄，患得患失。忌妄自菲薄，患得患失。3 三個(gè)準(zhǔn)

6、備三個(gè)準(zhǔn)備 （1)心理準(zhǔn)備。心理準(zhǔn)備。 （2)業(yè)務(wù)知識(shí)的準(zhǔn)備。業(yè)務(wù)知識(shí)的準(zhǔn)備。 （3)體能、儀表準(zhǔn)備。體能、儀表準(zhǔn)備。4 掌握四個(gè)度掌握四個(gè)度 （1） 體現(xiàn)高度，體現(xiàn)高度， （2） 增強(qiáng)信度。增強(qiáng)信度。 （3）表現(xiàn)風(fēng)度。）表現(xiàn)風(fēng)度。 （4） 保持熱度。保持熱度。 5 弄清五個(gè)問(wèn)題弄清五個(gè)問(wèn)題 （1)弄清單位性質(zhì)。弄清單位性質(zhì)。 （2)弄清錄用后是否簽訂聘用合同或勞動(dòng)合同。弄清錄用后是否簽訂聘用合同或勞動(dòng)合同。 （3)問(wèn)工資、工時(shí)。問(wèn)工資、工時(shí)。 （4)問(wèn)保險(xiǎn)。問(wèn)保險(xiǎn)。 （5)問(wèn)福利待遇。問(wèn)福利待遇。 ReturnInterviewing skills1. Questioning techniq

7、ues;2. Techniques for arouding the topic;3. Techniques for maintaining a topic;4. Listening techniques;5. Techniques for ending a topic;6. Nonverbal communication techniques.ReturnQuestioning techniques1.Questionging or interactive listening?2.Closed & open questions.3.Multiple questions.4.Leadi

8、ng questions.5.Probing questions.6.Blockbusting questions.7.“About” questions.8.Reflective questions (active listening).9.Hypothetical questions.10. Challenge questions.11. Framing questions.12. Silence.ReturnClosed & open questionsClosed. A closed question is one to which there is only one answ

9、er: What year was the Battle of Hastions? Do you like spaghetti bolognese? What kind of mainframe computer does your company use?Closed & open questions Open. An open question is one to which there are many possible answers: What is your opinion on the current crisis? How do you feel about worki

10、ng with flexitime? What would you do if you won $1,000,000? ReturnMultiple questions A multiple question is a string of several questions: “Well, I have with me the captain of the French rugby team. Now tell me, what do you think of your chances in the next world cup now that New Zealand have lost t

11、heir star goal kicker? Do you think it will set them back? And do you believe your present string of successes will continue? Also,how about England losing against Romania? Is this going to affect next years tournament?”ReturnLeading questionsThese are questions that indicate the desired response: O

12、h, I see you started your career with XYZ Internaional? Yes. Ah, good, and you were promoted after three years to district sales manager? Thats right. Good-er-must have done a good job then? Well,you know. Yes,oh,and then two years as regional manager? Yes. ReturnProbing questionsThese are closed qu

13、estions seeking specific information you need:EXAMPLE How old were you then? What are the sales of ABC Ltd? How many employees do you have working for you?WHEN TO ASK When you wish to probe for facts or details When the interviewee is rambling or talking too much Return“About” questionsAbout questio

14、ns are open questions that allow the interviewee to choose which information to provide:EXAMPLES and WHEN TO ASKTell me more about.? -At the beginning of an interview to get the interviewee talking. What do you think about.? -When you wish to hear the interviewees opinions, attitudes or beliefs. How

15、 do you feel about.? -As above.When in doubt.ask about.ReturnReflective questionsThese questions reflect back to the interviewee what you think you heard:EXAMPLES and WHEH TO ASKYou seem to feel upset with .? -With children! If I understand you correctly When an interviewee is emotionally you.? -inv

16、olved with what is being discussedIn other words, you dont.? -When the interviewee is being incoherent. You thought, perhaps, he was When you do not wish to over- reacting? -influence the interviewee with your own opinions or beliefs.ReturnHypothetical questionsThese are open questions that ask for

17、information in a hypothetical situation:EXAMPLES and WHEN TO ASK What would you do if. -When you wish to test creativity. Could we role-play this situation? -To test selling or public speaking skills Ill be the customer/student. What could have happened if.? -When you wish to see how quickly/logical

18、ly the interviewee thinks.ReturnChallenge questionsThis type of open question challenges the interviewee to provide back-up information:EXAMPLES and WHEN TO ASKThe evidence Challenge:What will you accept as evidence to test interviesees approach to of success? -objectives and targets.The Missing Lin

19、k Challenge: What information are we still to probe the interviewees analyical and missing before we can.? -planing abilities.The Devils Advocate Challenge: What would argue against what a way of challenging an interviewees youre proposing? -objectivity ReturnFraming questionsThis type of open quest

20、ion asks for information that fits into the framework of your discussion:EXAMPLES and WHEN TO ASKThe Outcome Frame:What is the real outcome youre to test planning ability and to probe aiming at? -reasons for actions. The Backtrack Frame:How did you see things at the time? -To help put information in

21、 context.The Relevance Frame:Help me to see how this fits when you cant see why a point was in which.? -brought up but want to get the interview back on track by giving the benefit of the doubt .ReturnSilence Silence can be a useful questioning technique:EXAMPLES and WHEN TO USE Up to 5 senconds sil

22、ence. - To allow interviewee to collect thoughts; courtesy. 5-20 seconds silence. -To encourage interviewees to share information they probably want to keep to . 20 seconds silence or more. -To pressurise for confidential information or to obtain concessions/confessions. ReturnTechniques for aroudin

23、g the topic Oneself:可簡(jiǎn)單透露自己的感受或近況 例：我近來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)比較忙，常常要復(fù)習(xí)到深夜。 The other party：從對(duì)方身上發(fā)掘話題，衣著外表首飾等都是題材 例：你這件外套真好看，是在那里買的呢？ Environment or popular topics: 例：呀！最近天氣涼了許多，真要穿件衣服 To extend greetings to: 例：你最近怎樣呀？ To praise: 例：孩子長(zhǎng)得多可愛(ài)！ ReturnTechniques for maintaining a topic1. Informal discussiosn;2. Self revealin

24、g;3. Common interests and topics;4. Changing the subjects.ReturnSelf revealing Contents: experience; opinion; feeling. 明：東，你放假去了那里玩呀？ 東：去了北京，玩了十四日，很好玩呀 明：我上次放假也去了北京玩，都覺(jué)得很好玩。你認(rèn)為哪里最好玩? 東：我覺(jué)得去長(zhǎng)城最好玩，不過(guò)處處都要收錢，真掃興。 明：是?。∥乙灿型?，我覺(jué)得現(xiàn)在北京變得商業(yè)化，不像以前了。 ReturnListening techniquesListening test: A: circle the term

25、 that best describes you as a listener:1. superior 2. above average 3. below average 4. terrible 5. excellent 6. average B: on a scale of 0-100 (100=high ) how would you rate yourself as a listener? C: how do you think the following proplem would you rate you (0-100) as a listener?1. your best frien

26、d. 2. a subordinate. 3. your boss. 4. your spouse. 5. a business colleague.returnNonverbal communication techniques1. Type interpretation of paralinguistics;2. Types of body language.ReturnType interpretation of paralinguistics1. Timing;2. Tone / inflection;3. Speech errors;4. Accent;5. Choice of wo

27、rds;6. Verbal tics;7. Emphasis.ReturnTypes of body language1. Expressions of emotion;2. Eye contact;3. Sitting & standing;4. Postures & gestures: hands;5. Sound rays;6. Orientation & proximity;7. Looks & appearance.ReturnSitting & standing 1)Arms up. -Reserved,defensive. 2)Arm /

28、leg cross. -Closed,unconvinced. 3)Lean forward. -Ready! 4)Lean back. - Confident superiority. 5)Lint-picking. -Disapproval. 6) Thumbs out In charge! -Dominant. 7) Fig leaf. -Self-control, tense. 8) Arms out, Palms up. -Open, sincere,conciliatory. 9) Table lean. -Authoritative, invoived . 10) Lean on. -Unthreatened, casual belongingness. ReturnPostures & gestures: hands 1)STEEPLING. -Self-confidence 2)HAND CLASP. -Anxious,controlled 3)NOSE TOUCH. -Doubt 4)L CHIN REST. -Critical evaluation 5)MOUTH BLOC