理解OSPF鄰居與鄰接關(guān)系

1、Copyright 2012Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. 理解OSPF鄰居與鄰接關(guān)系Copyright 2012 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page1前 言本課程介紹OSPF鄰居和鄰接的概念。為了交換鏈路狀態(tài)信息以及路由信息，OSPF路由器之間首先要建立鄰接關(guān)系。Copyright 2012 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page2培訓(xùn)目標(biāo)學(xué)完本課程后，您應(yīng)該能：l理解OSPF

2、鄰居和鄰接的概念l理解OSPF中DR和BDR的概念l理解DR和BDR的選舉Copyright 2012 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page3鄰居（Neighbor）和鄰接（Adjacency）Ethernet10.1.1.110.1.1.210.1.1.310.1.1.4RTA我有三個(gè)鄰居Copyright 2012 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page4OSPF支持的網(wǎng)絡(luò)類型點(diǎn)到點(diǎn)和廣播類型PPP10.1.1.120.1.1.1點(diǎn)到點(diǎn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)點(diǎn)到點(diǎn)

3、網(wǎng)絡(luò)Ethernet10.1.1.110.1.1.210.1.1.310.1.1.4廣播型網(wǎng)絡(luò)廣播型網(wǎng)絡(luò)Copyright 2012 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page5OSPF支持的網(wǎng)絡(luò)類型NBMA類型ATM10.1.1.110.1.1.210.1.1.3VPI/VCI=0/102VPI/VCI=0/103VPI/VCI=0/201VPI/VCI=0/3010/2030/302非廣播網(wǎng)絡(luò)非廣播多路訪問（非廣播網(wǎng)絡(luò)非廣播多路訪問（NBMA）全連接ATM網(wǎng)絡(luò)Copyright 2012 Huawei Technologi

4、es Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page6OSPF支持的網(wǎng)絡(luò)類型點(diǎn)到多點(diǎn)類型FR10.1.1.110.1.1.210.1.1.3DLCI = 102DLCI = 103DLCI = 201DLCI = 301非廣播網(wǎng)絡(luò)點(diǎn)到多點(diǎn)（非廣播網(wǎng)絡(luò)點(diǎn)到多點(diǎn)（Point-to-MultiPoint）不完全連接的幀中繼網(wǎng)絡(luò)Copyright 2012 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page7常見鏈路層協(xié)議對(duì)應(yīng)的默認(rèn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)類型Copyright 2012 Huawei Technologies Co.,

5、Ltd. All rights reserved. Page8虛連接（Virtual Link）Area 0Area 1Area 2RTARTB配置虛連接以使RTB連接到骨干區(qū)域Copyright 2012 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page9端口狀態(tài)變換點(diǎn)到點(diǎn)、點(diǎn)到多點(diǎn)網(wǎng)段和虛連接UnloopIndInterfaceUpDownP-to-PLoopbackCopyright 2012 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page10Copyright

6、2012 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page11DR和BDREthernet10.1.1.110.1.1.210.1.1.310.1.1.4RTABDRDR我有三個(gè)鄰居，但是只有兩個(gè)鄰接Copyright 2012 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page12選舉DR和BDREthernet10.1.1.310.1.1.210.1.1.190BDRDR100120Router Priority最大的路由器不一定是DR/BDR圖中數(shù)字表示該端口的圖中數(shù)

7、字表示該端口的Router PriorityCopyright 2012 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page13配置Router PriorityRTBinterface Ethernet 0/0RTB-Ethernet0/0ospf dr-priority 100RTB-Ethernet0/0quitRTBEthernet10.1.1.310.1.1.210.1.1.190RTADR100120BDRRTBRTC圖中數(shù)字表示該端口的圖中數(shù)字表示該端口的Router PriorityCopyright 2012 Hua

8、wei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page14端口狀態(tài)變換廣播型網(wǎng)段和NBMA網(wǎng)段DownWaitingBackupDROtherDR?UnloopIndInterfaceUpWaitTimerBackupSeenNeighbor ChangeNeighbor ChangeNeighbor ChangeLoopbackCopyright 2012 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page15Copyright 2012 Huawei Technologies Co

9、., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page16是否和鄰居建立鄰接關(guān)系Copyright 2012 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page17配置NBMA網(wǎng)絡(luò)Area 1FR-SW10.1.1.1/2410.1.1.2/2410.1.1.3/24DLCI = 102DLCI = 103DLCI = 201DLCI = 301DLCI = 203DLCI = 302RTALoopback02.2.2.2/32Loopback03.3.3.3/32RTBRTCLoopback01.1.1.1/32S1/0

10、S1/0S1/0RTArouter id 1.1.1.1 RTAospf RTA-ospf-1peer 10.1.1.2 RTA-ospf-1peer 10.1.1.3 RTA-ospf-1area 1RTA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1network 1.1.1.1 0.0.0.0 RTA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1network 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.255RTA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1returnCopyright 2012 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page18配置

11、NBMA網(wǎng)絡(luò)Area 1FR-SW10.1.1.1/2410.1.1.2/2410.1.1.3/24DLCI = 102DLCI = 103DLCI = 201DLCI = 301DLCI = 203DLCI = 302RTALoopback02.2.2.2/32Loopback03.3.3.3/32RTBRTCLoopback01.1.1.1/32S1/0S1/0S1/0RTBrouter id 2.2.2.2RTBospfRTB-ospf-1peer 10.1.1.1RTB-ospf-1peer 10.1.1.3RTB-ospf-1area 1RTB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1

12、network 2.2.2.2 0.0.0.0RTB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1network 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.255RTB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1returnCopyright 2012 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page19配置NBMA網(wǎng)絡(luò)Area 1FR-SW10.1.1.1/2410.1.1.2/2410.1.1.3/24DLCI = 102DLCI = 103DLCI = 201DLCI = 301DLCI = 203DLCI = 302RTALoopback02.2

13、.2.2/32Loopback03.3.3.3/32RTBRTCLoopback01.1.1.1/32S1/0S1/0S1/0RTCrouter id 3.3.3.3RTCospf RTC-ospf-1peer 10.1.1.1RTC-ospf-1peer 10.1.1.2RTC-ospf-1area 1RTC-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1network 3.3.3.3 0.0.0.0RTC-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1network 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.255RTC-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1returnCopyright 2012 Huawei T

14、echnologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page20配置NBMA網(wǎng)絡(luò)驗(yàn)證路由表RTAdisplay ip routing-table Routing Table: public netDestination/Mask Protocol Pre Cost Nexthop Interface1.1.1.1/32 DIRECT 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack02.2.2.2/32 OSPF 10 1563 10.1.1.2 Serial1/0 3.3.3.3/32 OSPF 10 1563 10.1.1.3 Serial1/0 10.1

15、.1.0/24 DIRECT 0 0 10.1.1.1 Serial1/0 10.1.1.1/32 DIRECT 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack010.1.1.2/32 DIRECT 0 0 10.1.1.2 Serial1/0 10.1.1.3/32 DIRECT 0 0 10.1.1.3 Serial1/0 127.0.0.0/8 DIRECT 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0127.0.0.1/32 DIRECT 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0Copyright 2012 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

16、All rights reserved. Page21配置NBMA網(wǎng)絡(luò)驗(yàn)證OSPF端口信息RTAdisplay ospf interface Serial 1/0 OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 1.1.1.1 Interfaces Interface: 10.1.1.1 (Serial1/0) Cost: 1562 State: DROther Type: NBMA Priority: 1 Designated Router: 10.1.1.3 Backup Designated Router: 10.1.1.2 Timers: Hello 30, Dead 12

17、0, Poll 120, Retransmit 5, Transmit Delay 1Copyright 2012 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page22配置點(diǎn)到多點(diǎn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)FR-SW10.1.1.1/2410.1.1.2/2410.1.1.3/24DLCI = 102DLCI = 103DLCI = 201DLCI = 301RTAArea 1Loopback02.2.2.2/32Loopback03.3.3.3/32RTBRTCLoopback01.1.1.1/32S1/0S1/0S1/0RTArouter id 1.

18、1.1.1RTAospf RTA-ospf-1area 1RTA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1network 1.1.1.1 0.0.0.0RTA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1network 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.255RTAinterface Serial 1/0RTA-Serial1/0ospf network-type p2mpRTA-Serial1/0returnCopyright 2012 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page23配置點(diǎn)到多點(diǎn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)FR-SW10.1.1.1/2410.

19、1.1.2/2410.1.1.3/24DLCI = 102DLCI = 103DLCI = 201DLCI = 301RTAArea 1Loopback02.2.2.2/32Loopback03.3.3.3/32RTBRTCLoopback01.1.1.1/32S1/0S1/0S1/0RTBrouter id 2.2.2.2RTBospf RTB-ospf-1area 1RTB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1network 2.2.2.2 0.0.0.0RTB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1network 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.255RTBinterface Seria

20、l 1/0RTB-Serial1/0ospf network-type p2mp RTB-Serial1/0returnCopyright 2012 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page24配置點(diǎn)到多點(diǎn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)FR-SW10.1.1.1/2410.1.1.2/2410.1.1.3/24DLCI = 102DLCI = 103DLCI = 201DLCI = 301RTAArea 1Loopback02.2.2.2/32Loopback03.3.3.3/32RTBRTCLoopback01.1.1.1/32S1/0S1/0S1

21、/0RTCrouter id 3.3.3.3RTCospf RTC-ospf-1area 1RTC-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1network 3.3.3.3 0.0.0.0RTC-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1network 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.255RTCinterface Serial 1/0RTC-Serial1/0ospf network-type p2mp RTC-Serial1/0returnCopyright 2012 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page25配置點(diǎn)到多點(diǎn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)驗(yàn)

22、證路由表RTCdisplay ip routing-table Routing Table: public netDestination/Mask Protocol Pre Cost Nexthop Interface1.1.1.1/32 OSPF 10 1563 10.1.1.1 Serial1/0 2.2.2.2/32 OSPF 10 3125 10.1.1.1 Serial1/0 3.3.3.3/32 DIRECT 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack010.1.1.0/24 DIRECT 0 0 10.1.1.3 Serial1/0 10.1.1.1/32 DIRECT 0

23、 0 10.1.1.1 Serial1/0 10.1.1.2/32 OSPF 10 3124 10.1.1.1 Serial1/0 10.1.1.3/32 DIRECT 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0127.0.0.0/8 DIRECT 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0127.0.0.1/32 DIRECT 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0Copyright 2012 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page26配置點(diǎn)到多點(diǎn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)驗(yàn)證OSPF端口信息RTCdisplay

24、ospf interface Serial 1/0 OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 3.3.3.3 Interfaces Interface: 10.1.1.3 (Serial1/0) Cost: 1562 State: PtoP Type: PointToMultiPoint Priority: 1 Timers: Hello 30, Dead 120, Poll 120, Retransmit 5, Transmit Delay 1Copyright 2012 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

25、Page27配置虛連接Area 1Area 0Area 2RTALoopback0RTCRTD2.2.2.2/32Loopback01.1.1.1/32RTBE0/010.1.1.0/24E0/0.2.1Loopback03.3.3.3/32Loopback04.4.4.4/32E0/110.1.2.0/24.1.2E0/0E0/1E0/010.1.3.0/24.1.2RTArouter id 1.1.1.1RTAospf RTA-ospf-1area 0RTA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0network 1.1.1.1 0.0.0.0RTA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0n

26、etwork 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.255RTA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0returnCopyright 2012 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page28配置虛連接Area 1Area 0Area 2RTALoopback0RTCRTD2.2.2.2/32Loopback01.1.1.1/32RTBE0/010.1.1.0/24E0/0.2.1Loopback03.3.3.3/32Loopback04.4.4.4/32E0/110.1.2.0/24.1.2E0/0E0/1E0/010.1.3.0/

27、24.1.2RTBrouter id 2.2.2.2RTBospf RTB-ospf-1area 0 RTB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0network 2.2.2.2 0.0.0.0RTB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0network 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.255RTB-ospf-1area 1RTB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1network 10.1.2.0 0.0.0.255RTB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1vlink-peer 3.3.3.3 RTB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1returnCopyright 2012 Hua

28、wei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page29配置虛連接Area 1Area 0Area 2RTALoopback0RTCRTD2.2.2.2/32Loopback01.1.1.1/32RTBE0/010.1.1.0/24E0/0.2.1Loopback03.3.3.3/32Loopback04.4.4.4/32E0/110.1.2.0/24.1.2E0/0E0/1E0/010.1.3.0/24.1.2RTCrouter id 3.3.3.3RTCospf RTC-ospf-1area 1RTC-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.

29、1network 10.1.2.0 0.0.0.255RTC-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1vlink-peer 2.2.2.2RTC-ospf-1area 2RTC-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2network 3.3.3.3 0.0.0.0RTC-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2network 10.1.3.0 0.0.0.255RTC-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2returnCopyright 2012 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page30配置虛連接Area 1Area 0Are

30、a 2RTALoopback0RTCRTD2.2.2.2/32Loopback01.1.1.1/32RTBE0/010.1.1.0/24E0/0.2.1Loopback03.3.3.3/32Loopback04.4.4.4/32E0/110.1.2.0/24.1.2E0/0E0/1E0/010.1.3.0/24.1.2RTDrouter id 4.4.4.4RTDospf RTD-ospf-1area 2RTD-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2network 4.4.4.4 0.0.0.0RTD-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2network 10.1.3.0 0.0.0.255RTD-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2returnCopyright 2012 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page31配置虛連接驗(yàn)證路由表RTDdisplay ip routing-table Routin