（精心整理）英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞練習(xí)!

1、1. This kind of cake tastes _.A. good B. well C. to be good D. to be well2. The children all looked _ at the broken model plane and felt quite _.A. sad, sad B. sadly, sadly C. sad, sadly D. sadly, sad3. This kind of paper _ nice.A. feel B. felt C. is feeling D. feels4. _ everyone here today?A. Be B.

2、 Are C. Is D. Am5. Harry is older than I. But he _ younger than I.A. look B. looks C. looked D. looking6. It _ like the singing of the birds.A. sounds B. looks C. smells D. tastes7. This math problem is _ and I can do it _.A. easy, easily B. easily, easily C. easy, easy D. easily, easy8. Coffee is r

3、eady. How nice it _! Would you like some?A. looks B. smells C. sounds D. feels9. In winter the days _ colder and colder.A. gets B. getting C. got D. get10. He _ pale at the thought.A. got B. looked C. turned D. seemed【答案詳解】1. A.連系動(dòng)詞taste后應(yīng)接形容詞作表語(yǔ)。2. D.根據(jù)句意，句中的look at是行為動(dòng)詞，所以修飾此動(dòng)詞時(shí)應(yīng)用副詞；在連系動(dòng)詞feel后應(yīng)用形容

4、詞作表語(yǔ)。3. D.當(dāng)this kind of作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。4. C.當(dāng)復(fù)合不定代詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。5. B.根據(jù)句意和前句時(shí)態(tài)，后句應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。6. A.根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，只有sounds（聽起來(lái)）符合題意。looks意為“看起來(lái)”，smells意為“聞起來(lái)”，tastes 意為“嘗起來(lái)”。7. A.連系動(dòng)詞is后接形容詞。根據(jù)句意，修飾行為動(dòng)詞do用副詞。8. B.根據(jù)語(yǔ)境和首句（Coffee is ready），此處用smell才符合題意。9. D.根據(jù)常識(shí)我們知道冬季天氣寒冷，故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。10. C.根據(jù)語(yǔ)境只能使用turned，句意為“一想到這兒，他的臉就發(fā)白了

5、”。第5章 助動(dòng)詞一.概念:助動(dòng)詞是幫助主要?jiǎng)釉~構(gòu)成各種時(shí)態(tài),語(yǔ)態(tài),語(yǔ)氣以及否定或疑問(wèn)結(jié)構(gòu)的動(dòng)詞.助動(dòng)詞分為時(shí)態(tài)助動(dòng)詞和結(jié)構(gòu)助動(dòng)詞兩種.二.相關(guān)知識(shí)點(diǎn)精講:1. 助動(dòng)詞be的用法 1） be +現(xiàn)在分詞，構(gòu)成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。例如：They are having a meeting.他們正在開會(huì)。English is becoming more and more important. 英語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在越來(lái)越重要。2）be + 過(guò)去分詞，構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。例如：The window was broken by Tom.窗戶是湯姆打碎的。English is taught throughout the world.世

6、界各地都教英語(yǔ)。3） be + 動(dòng)詞不定式，可表示下列內(nèi)容： a. 表示最近、未來(lái)的計(jì)劃或安排。例如： He is to go to New York next week.他下周要去紐約。 We are to teach the freshmen.我們要教新生。 說(shuō)明： 這種用法也可以說(shuō)成是一種將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)表達(dá)法。 b. 表示命令。例如： You are to explain this.對(duì)此你要做出解釋。 He is to come to the office this afternoon.要他今天下午來(lái)辦公室。 c.征求意見。例如： How am I to answer him?我該怎樣答復(fù)他？

7、 Who is to go there?誰(shuí)該去那兒呢？ d. 表示相約、商定。例如： We are to meet at the school gate at seven tomorrow morning.我們明天早晨7點(diǎn)在校門口集合。2. 助動(dòng)詞have的用法 1）have +過(guò)去分詞，構(gòu)成完成時(shí)態(tài)。例如： He has left for London.他已去了倫敦。 By the end of last month, they had finished half of their work. 上月未為止，他們已經(jīng)完成工作的一半。2）have + been +現(xiàn)在分詞，構(gòu)成完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。例如：

8、 I have been studying English for ten years. 我一直在學(xué)英語(yǔ)，已達(dá)十年之久。 3）have +been +過(guò)去分詞，構(gòu)成完成式被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。例如： English has been taught in China for many years. 中國(guó)教英語(yǔ)已經(jīng)多年。3.助動(dòng)詞do 的用法 1）構(gòu)成一般疑問(wèn)句。例如： Do you want to pass the CET?你想通過(guò)大學(xué)英語(yǔ)測(cè)試嗎？ Did you study German?你們學(xué)過(guò)德語(yǔ)嗎？2）do + not 構(gòu)成否定句。例如： I do not want to be criticized

9、. 我不想挨批評(píng)。 He doesn't like to study.他不想學(xué)習(xí)。 In the past, many students did not know the importance of English.過(guò)去，好多學(xué)生不知道英語(yǔ)的重要性。3） 構(gòu)成否定祈使句。例如： Don't go there.不要去那里。 Don't be so absent-minded.不要這么心不在焉。說(shuō)明： 構(gòu)成否定祈使句只用do，不用did和does。4）放在動(dòng)詞原形前，加強(qiáng)該動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)氣。例如： Do come to my birthday party.一定來(lái)參加我的生日宴會(huì)。

10、 I did go there.我確實(shí)去那兒了。 I do miss you.我確實(shí)想你。5）用于倒裝句。例如： Never did I hear of such a thing. 我從未聽說(shuō)過(guò)這樣的事情。 Only when we begin our college life do we realize the importance of English. 進(jìn)了大學(xué)以后，我們才認(rèn)識(shí)到英語(yǔ)的重要性。說(shuō)明： 引導(dǎo)此類倒裝句的副詞有never, seldom, rarely, little, only, so, well等。6）用作代動(dòng)詞。例如： - Do you like Beijing?-你喜

11、歡北京嗎？ - Yes, I do.-是的，喜歡。（do用作代動(dòng)詞，代替like Beijing.） He knows how to drive a car, doesn't he? 他知道如何開車，對(duì)吧？4. 助動(dòng)詞shall和will的用法 shall和will作為助動(dòng)詞可以與動(dòng)詞原形一起構(gòu)成一般將來(lái)時(shí)。例如：I shall study harder at English. 我將更加努力地學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)。He will go to Shanghai.他要去上海。說(shuō)明：在過(guò)去的語(yǔ)法中，語(yǔ)法學(xué)家說(shuō)shall用于第一人稱，will 只用于第二、第三人稱?，F(xiàn)在，尤其是在口語(yǔ)中，will常用于第一

12、人稱，但shall只用于第一人稱，如用于第二、第三人稱，就失去助動(dòng)詞的意義，已變?yōu)榍閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞，試比較: He shall come.他必須來(lái)。（shall有命令的意味。） He will come.他要來(lái)。（will只與動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成一般將來(lái)時(shí)。）5.助動(dòng)詞should, would的用法 1）should無(wú)詞義，只是shall的過(guò)去形式，與動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)，只用于第一人稱。例如： I telephoned him yesterday to ask what I should do next week. 我昨天給他打電話，問(wèn)他我下周干什么。 比較："What shall I do

13、next week?" I asked. "我下周干什么？"我問(wèn)道。 可以說(shuō)，shall變成間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，變成了should。2） would也無(wú)詞義，是will的過(guò)去形式，與動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)，用于第二、第三人稱。例如： He said he would come.他說(shuō)他要來(lái)。比較："I will go," he said. 他說(shuō)："我要去那兒。"變成間接引語(yǔ)，就成了He said he would come。原來(lái)的will變成would，go變成了come.。 6. 短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 動(dòng)詞加小品構(gòu)成的起動(dòng)詞作用的短語(yǔ)叫短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞

14、。例如：Turn off the radio.把收音機(jī)關(guān)上。（turn off是短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞）短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的構(gòu)成基本有下列幾種：1）動(dòng)詞+副詞，如：black out；2）動(dòng)詞+介詞，如：look into；3）動(dòng)詞+副詞+介詞，如：look forward to。構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的副詞和介詞都統(tǒng)稱為小品詞三.鞏固練習(xí)1.If it is fine tomorrow, we _ a football match.a. have b. will have c. has d. shall has2.When he was at school, he _ early and take a walk before

15、 breakfast.a. will rise b. shall rise b. should rise would rise3.In the past 30 years China _ great advances in the socialist revolution and socialist construction.a. has made b. have made c. had made d. having made4.I _ go to bed until I _ finished my work.a. dont/had b. didnt/have c. didnt/had d.

16、dont/have5._ you think he _ back by dinner time?a. Do/have come b. Did/will have come c. Does/will come d. Do/will have come6.He said that he dropped his bag when he _ for the bus.a. was runing b. was running c. were running d. is running7.No sooner _ he arrived home than he _ to start on another jo

17、urney.a. has/was asked b. have/were asked c. had/is asked d. had/was asked8.“_ you give me a room for the night?” I asked on arriving at the hotel.a. Should b. Can c. Might d. May9.There are nine of them, so _ get into the car at the same time.a. they may not at all b. all they may not c. they cant

18、all d. all they cant10.“We didnt see him at the lecture yesterday.” “He _ it.”a. mustnt attend b. cannot have attended c. would have not attended d. neednt have attended11.“You realize that you were driving at 100 mph, dont you?”“No, officer. I _. This car cant do more than 80.”a. didnt need to be b

19、. may not have been c. couldnt have been d. neednt have been12.he was a good runner so he _ escape from the police.a. might b. succeeded to c. would d. was able to13.If they _, our plan will fall flat.a. are co-operating b. had not co-operated c. wont co-operate d. didnt co-operate14.I hoped _ my le

20、tter.a. her to answer b. that she would answer c. that she answers d. her answering15.He _ live in the country than in the city.a. prefers b. likes to c. had better d. would rather16._ to see a film with us today?a. Did you like b. Would you like c. Will you like d. Have you liked17.Im sorry, but I

21、had no alternative. I simply _ what I did.a. must do b. had to do c. ought to have done d. have to do18.“Time is running out,_?”a. hadnt we better got start b. hadnt we better get startc.hadnt we better get started d. hadnt we better not started19.No one _ that to his face.a. dares say b. dares sayi

22、ng c. dare say d. dare to say20.The students in the classroom _ not to make so much noise.a. need b. ought c. must d. dare21.You _ last week if you were really serious about your work.a. ought to come b. ought to be coming c. ought have come d. ought to have come22.The elephants ought _ hours ago by

23、 the keepers.a. to be fed b. to feed c. to being fed d. to have been fed23.“I wonder why theyre late.” “They _ the train.”a. can have missed b. could miss c. may have missed d. might miss24.“Tom graduated from college at a very young age.” “He _ have been an outstanding student.”a. must b. could c.

24、should d. might25.You _ the examination again since you had already passed it.a. neednt have taken b. didnt need to take c. neednt take d. mustnt take26.He is really incompetent! The letter _ yesterday.a. should be finished typing b. must be finished typingc.must have finished typing c. should have

25、been finished typing27.The boy told his father that he would rather _ an astronaut.a. become b. to become c. becoming d. became28.When we reached the station, the train had still not arrived; so we _.a. needed not to hurry b. neednt have hurried c. need not to have hurried d. didnt need to hurry29.S

26、ince your roommate is visiting her family this weekend,_ you like to have dinner with us tonight?a. will b. wont c. wouldnt d. do30.He was afraid what he had done _ a disastrous effect on his career.a. might have b. could be c. have been d. shall be四.答案1-10 BDACDBDBCB 11-20 CDCBDBBCCB 21-30 DDCABDAB

27、CA情態(tài)動(dòng)詞有四類：只做情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：must,can(could),may(might),ought to可做情態(tài)動(dòng)詞又可做實(shí)義動(dòng)詞：need,dare可做情態(tài)動(dòng)詞又可做助動(dòng)詞：shall(should),will(would)具有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞特征：have(had,has) to,used to 編輯本段位置:情態(tài)動(dòng)詞在句中放在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前, 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞前若有助動(dòng)詞,則在助動(dòng)詞之前,疑問(wèn)句中, 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞則在主語(yǔ)之前。 I can see you. Come here. 我能看見你，過(guò)來(lái)吧。 He must have been away. 他一定走了。 What can I do for you? 我

28、能幫你嗎？How dare you treat us like that！ 你怎能那樣對(duì)待我們！ 編輯本段特點(diǎn):情態(tài)動(dòng)詞無(wú)人稱和數(shù)的變化, 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后面跟的動(dòng)詞需用原形,否定式構(gòu)成是在情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后面加 "not"。 個(gè)別情態(tài)動(dòng)詞有現(xiàn)在式和過(guò)去式兩種形式, 過(guò)去式用來(lái)表達(dá)更加客氣, 委婉的語(yǔ)氣, 時(shí)態(tài)性不強(qiáng), 可用于過(guò)去，現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞屬非及物動(dòng)詞，故沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。He could be here soon. 他很快就來(lái)。 We can't carry the heavy box. 我們搬不動(dòng)那箱子。 I'm sorry I can't help

29、you. 對(duì)不起，我?guī)筒簧夏恪?基本助動(dòng)詞與情態(tài)助動(dòng)詞最主要的區(qū)別之一是，基本助動(dòng)詞本身沒(méi)有詞義，而情態(tài)助動(dòng)詞則有自己的詞義，能表示說(shuō)話人對(duì)有關(guān)動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的看法，或表示主觀設(shè)想： What have you been doing since? （構(gòu)成完成進(jìn)行體，本身無(wú)詞義） I am afraid I must be going. （一定要） You may have read some account of the matter. （或許已經(jīng)） 除此之外，情態(tài)助動(dòng)詞還有如下詞法和句法特征： 1） 除ought和used以外，其他情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后面只能接不帶to的不定式。如果我們把ought to和

30、used to看做是固定詞組的話，那么，所有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞無(wú)一例外地只能接不帶to的不定式： We used to grow beautiful roses. I asked if he would come and repair my television set. 2） 情態(tài)助動(dòng)詞在限定動(dòng)詞詞組總是位居第一： They need not have been punished so severely. 3） 情態(tài)助動(dòng)詞用于第三人稱單數(shù)現(xiàn)在時(shí)的時(shí)候，沒(méi)有詞形變化，即其詞尾無(wú)-s形式： She dare not say what she thinks. 4） 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞沒(méi)有非限定形式，即沒(méi)有不定式和分詞

31、形式，也沒(méi)有相應(yīng)的動(dòng)名詞： Still, she needn't have run away. 5） 情態(tài)助動(dòng)詞的“時(shí)”的形式并不是時(shí)間區(qū)別的主要標(biāo)志。在不少場(chǎng)合，情態(tài)助動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在時(shí)和過(guò)去時(shí)形式都可以表示現(xiàn)在、過(guò)去或?qū)?lái)時(shí)間： Would you mind very much if I ask you to do something? She told him he ought not to have done it. 6） 情態(tài)助動(dòng)詞之間是相互排斥的，即在一個(gè)限定動(dòng)詞詞組中只能出現(xiàn)一個(gè)情態(tài)助動(dòng)詞，但有時(shí)卻可以與have和be基本助動(dòng)詞連用： You should have washe

32、d the wound. Well, you shouldn't be reading a novel. 編輯本段用法首先它是動(dòng)詞，而且不同于行為動(dòng)詞，行為動(dòng)詞表示的是可以通過(guò)行為來(lái)表達(dá)的動(dòng)作（如寫，讀，跑），而情態(tài)動(dòng)詞只是表達(dá)的一種想法（如能，也許，敢）。用法是：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+行為動(dòng)詞原形 例句：I can read this sentence in English. 我能用英語(yǔ)讀這句話。 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞是一種本身有一定的詞義,表示說(shuō)話人的情緒,態(tài)度或語(yǔ)氣的動(dòng)詞,但不能單獨(dú)作謂語(yǔ), 只能和其他動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)。 We can be there on time tomorrow.我們明天能按時(shí)去

33、那兒。 May I have your name? 我能知道你的名字嗎？ Shall we begin now?我們現(xiàn)在就開始嗎？ You must obey the school rules.你必須遵守校規(guī)。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞數(shù)量不多,但用途廣泛,主要有下列: can (could), may (might), must, need, ought to, dare (dared), shall (should), will (would),have (to) ,had better. 編輯本段功能助動(dòng)詞(auxiliary)主要有兩類：基本助動(dòng)詞(primary auxiliary)和情態(tài)助動(dòng)詞(mo

34、dal auxiliary)?；局鷦?dòng)詞有三個(gè)：do, have和be；情態(tài)助動(dòng)詞基本的有十四個(gè)：may, might; can, could; will, would; shall, should; must, need, dare, used to, ought to.had better 上述兩類助動(dòng)詞的共同特征是，在協(xié)助主動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成限定動(dòng)詞詞組時(shí)，具有作用詞的功能： 1） 構(gòu)成否定式： He didn't go and neither did she. The meeting might not start until 5 o'clock. 2） 構(gòu)成疑問(wèn)式或附加疑問(wèn)式：

35、 Must you leave right now? You have been learning French for 5 years, haven't you? 3） 構(gòu)成修辭倒裝： Nowhere can he obtain any information about his sister. Hardly had he arrived when she started complaining. 4） 代替限定動(dòng)詞詞組： A: Who can solve this crossword puzzle? B: Tom can. A: Shall I write to him? B: Y

36、es, do. 編輯本段can和could的用法1. 表示能力或客觀可能性，還可以表示請(qǐng)求和允許。如： Can you finish this work tonight? Man cannot live without air. Can I go now? Yes, you can. 注意：could也可表示請(qǐng)求，語(yǔ)氣委婉，主要用于疑問(wèn)句，不可用于肯定句，答語(yǔ)應(yīng)用can（即could不能用于現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)的簡(jiǎn)略答語(yǔ)中）。如： Could I come to see you tomorrow? Yes, you can. （否定答語(yǔ)可用No, I'm afraid not.） can表示能力時(shí)

37、，還可用be able to代替。如： I'll not be able to come this afternoon. 2. 表示驚異、懷疑、不相信的態(tài)度。（主要用在否定句、疑問(wèn)句或驚嘆句中） Can this be true? How can you be so careless! This cannot be done by him. 3. “can(could) + have + 過(guò)去分詞”的疑問(wèn)或否定形式表示對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生的行為懷疑或不肯定。如： He cannot have been to that town. Can he have got the book? 4. 用在疑問(wèn)

38、句及否定句中,表示驚訝,不相信等.5. cannottooenough表示"無(wú)論怎樣也不過(guò)分","越越好" 編輯本段may和might的用法1. 表示許可。 表示請(qǐng)求、允許時(shí)，might比may的語(yǔ)氣更委婉一些，否定回答時(shí)(口語(yǔ)中常用) no , you can't . or , yes, please 用mustn't表示“不可以”、“禁止”、“阻止”之意(具有強(qiáng)烈禁止的意思)如： You may drive the car. Might I use your pen? No, you mustn't. 用May I . 征詢對(duì)

39、方許可在文體上比較正式，在口氣上比較客氣。在日?？谡Z(yǔ)中，用Can I . 征詢對(duì)方意見在現(xiàn)代口語(yǔ)中更為常見。 2. 用于祈使句中表示祝愿。如： May you succeed! 3. 表示推測(cè)、可能（疑問(wèn)句不能用于此意）。 He may be very busy now. 4. “may(might) + have + 過(guò)去分詞”表示對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生的行為的推測(cè)。如： He may not have finished the work. 編輯本段must和have to的用法1. 表示必須、必要。（must表示主觀多一些而have to則表示客觀多一些）如： You must come in tim

40、e. 回答must引出的問(wèn)句時(shí)，如果是否定的回答，不能用mustn't，而要用needn't或don't have to。 Must we hand in our exercise books today? Yes, you must. (No, you dont have to.) 2. “must be + 表語(yǔ)”的結(jié)構(gòu)表示推測(cè)，它的否定或疑問(wèn)式用can代替must。 This must be your pen. 3. “must + have + 過(guò)去分詞”的結(jié)構(gòu)常用在肯定句中，表示對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生的行為的推測(cè)。它的否定或疑問(wèn)式用can代替must。 He must h

41、ave been to Shanghai. 4. have to的含義與must相似，兩者往往可以互換使用，但have to有各種形式，隨have的變化而定。must與have to有下列幾點(diǎn)不同： must表示的是說(shuō)話人的主觀看法，而have to則往往強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀需要。如： The play is not interesting. I really must go now. I had to work when I was your age. must一般只表現(xiàn)在，have則有更多的時(shí)態(tài)形式。 二者的否定意義不大相同。如： You mustn't go. 你可不要去。 You don&

42、#39;t have to go. 你不必去。 詢問(wèn)對(duì)方的意愿時(shí)應(yīng)用must。如： Must I clean all the room? 注意：have to也可拼做have got to。 編輯本段dare和need的用法1. need表示“需要”或“必須”，作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，僅用于否定句或疑問(wèn)句中，在肯定句中一般用must, have to, ought to,或should代替。如： You neednt come so early. Need I finish the work today? Yes, you must. 注意：needn't + 不定式的完成式“表示本來(lái)不必做某事

43、而實(shí)際上做了某事”。如： You needn't have waited for me. 2. Dare作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，主要用于疑問(wèn)句、否定句和條件從句中，一般不用在肯定句中。如： How dare you say I'm unfair. He daren't speak English before such a crowd, dare he? 3. Dare和need常用作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，有時(shí)態(tài)、人稱和數(shù)的變化，所不同的是，作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞時(shí)，在肯定句中，dare后面通常接帶to的不定式，在否定和疑問(wèn)句中，dare后面可接帶to或不帶to的不定式。如： I dare to swi

44、m across this river. He does not dare (to) answer. Don't you dare (to) touch it! I wondered he dare (to) say that. He needs to finish it this evening. 編輯本段shall和should的用法一.Shall的用法：1. Shall用于第一人稱，表示征求對(duì)方的意愿。如： What shall we do this evening? 2. Shall用于第一、第三人稱疑問(wèn)句中，表示說(shuō)話人征求對(duì)方的意見或向?qū)Ψ秸?qǐng)示。如： Shall we beg

45、in our lesson? When shall he be able to leave the hospital? 3. Shall用于第二、第三人稱，表示說(shuō)話人給對(duì)方命令、警告、允諾或威脅。如： You shall fail if you don't work harder. （警告） He shall have the book when I finish reading. （允諾） He shall be punished. （威脅） 二.Should的用法：1. Should表示勸告、建議、命令，其同義詞是ought to；在疑問(wèn)句中，通常用should代替ought to

46、。如： You should go to class right away. Should I open the window? Should的含義較多，用法較活，現(xiàn)介紹三種其特殊用法。請(qǐng)看下面的句子： I should think it would be better to try it again. 我倒是認(rèn)為最好再試一試。 You are mistaken, I should say. 依我看，你是搞錯(cuò)了。 I should advise you not to do that. 我倒是勸你別這樣做。 This is something I should have liked to ask

47、 you. 這是我本來(lái)想問(wèn)你的。 從以上例句可以看出：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should用于第一人稱時(shí)可以表示說(shuō)話人的一種謙遜、客氣、委婉的語(yǔ)氣。 Should還可以用在if引導(dǎo)的條件從句，表示一件事聽起來(lái)可能性很小，但也不是完全沒(méi)有可能。相當(dāng)于“萬(wàn)一”的意思。從句謂語(yǔ)由should加動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成，主句謂語(yǔ)卻不一定用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。如： Ask her to ring me up if you should see her. 你萬(wàn)一見到她，請(qǐng)讓她給我打個(gè)電話。 If you should change your mind, please let us know. 萬(wàn)一你改變主意，請(qǐng)通知我們。 Should I (

48、If I should) be free tomorrow I will come. 萬(wàn)一我明天有時(shí)間，我就來(lái)。 此外，Why(or How) + should結(jié)構(gòu)表示說(shuō)話人對(duì)某事不能理解，感到意外、驚異等意思。意為“竟會(huì)”。如： Why should you be so late today? 你幾天怎么來(lái)得這么晚？ Where is Betty living? 貝蒂住在哪里？ How should I know? 我怎么會(huì)知道呢？ I don't know why you should think that I did it. 我真不知道你憑什么認(rèn)為這件事是我干的。 2. “sho

49、uld + have + 過(guò)去分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)一般表示義務(wù)，表示應(yīng)該做到而實(shí)際上沒(méi)有做到，并包含一種埋怨、責(zé)備的口氣。如： She should have finished it. I should have helped her, but I never could. You should have started earlier. 編輯本段will和would的用法1. 表示請(qǐng)求、建議等，would比will委婉客氣。如： Would you pass me the book? 2. 表示意志、愿望和決心。如： I will never do that again. They asked if

50、we would do that again. The door won't open3. 用“will be”和“will(would) + have + 過(guò)去分詞”的結(jié)構(gòu)表示推測(cè)，主要用于第二、三人稱。前者表示對(duì)目前情況的推測(cè)，后者表示對(duì)已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作或事態(tài)的推測(cè)。如： This will be the book you want. He will have arrived by now. The guests would have arrived by that time. I thought you would have finished this by now. 4. Wou

51、ld可表示過(guò)去反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或某種傾向。Would表過(guò)去習(xí)慣時(shí)比used to正式，并沒(méi)有“現(xiàn)已無(wú)此習(xí)慣”的含義。如： The wound would not heal. During the vacation he would visit me every week. 5. 表料想或猜想。如： It would be about ten when he left home. What would she be doing there? I thought he would have told you all about it. 編輯本段ought to的用法1. Ought to表示應(yīng)該。如

52、： You ought to take care of him. 2. 表示推測(cè)。注意與must表示推測(cè)時(shí)的區(qū)別： He must be at home by now. （斷定他已到家） He ought to be home by now. （不十分肯定） This is where the oil must be. （比較直率） This is where the oil ought to be. （比較含蓄） 3. “ought to + have + 過(guò)去分詞”表示過(guò)去應(yīng)做某事而實(shí)際未做。如： You ought to have asked him (but you didn'

53、t). 這時(shí)，ought to和should可以互相換用。 注意：在美國(guó)英語(yǔ)中，ought to用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，to可以省略。如： Ought you smoke so much? You oughtn't smoke so much. ought和should的區(qū)別：1.ought語(yǔ)氣略強(qiáng)。2.should較常用。3.ought在美國(guó)英語(yǔ)中用的很少，而should卻相當(dāng)常用。4.ought屬正式用語(yǔ)。 編輯本段used to，had better，would rather的用法1. Used to表示過(guò)去的習(xí)慣動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，現(xiàn)在已不存在，在間接引語(yǔ)中，其形式可不變。如： He told us he used to play football when he was young. 在疑問(wèn)句、否定句、否定疑問(wèn)句或強(qiáng)調(diào)句中，可有兩種形式： 疑問(wèn)句 Did you use to go to the same school as your brother? Used you to go to the same school as your brother? 否定句 I usedn't to g