高一英語新課標必修2unit1知識點

1、單元知識梳理和能力組合知識盤點 重點詞匯1.survive幸存，經(jīng)歷而活著 2.amaze 使驚訝 3.select精選 4.design設計 5.fancy奇異的 6.style風格 7.remove除去 8.doubt懷疑 9.reception接待 10.light點燃 11.wonder驚奇 12.evidence證據(jù) 13.trial嘗試；審判 14.explode爆炸 15.sink下沉 16.debate辯論 短語1. belong to屬于 2. in search of搜尋 3. in return作為回報 4. at war交戰(zhàn) 5.take apart拆開 6. thin

2、k highly of高度評價 7. be used to do被用來做 8. rather than而不是 9. more than不僅僅 10. less than少于 11. care about在乎 12. add to增加 13. agree with同意 14. see for oneself親自看 15.at that time在那時 16.serve as充當 17. by the light of 借著的光 18. be designed for 為而設計 19.no doubt 無疑 20. the entrance to 通往的入口句型1. There is no dou

3、bt that: 毫無疑問，2. It takes somebody some time to do something. 做某事花某人多長時間3. This was a time when在這個時期4. It can be proved that可以證明，5. cant have done something不可能做過某事能力拓展1. Is it enough to have survived for a long time? 已經(jīng)存在很久就夠了嗎？survive vi/vt比.活得長； 經(jīng)歷.后依然活著; 經(jīng)受得住(1)Her parents died in the accident, b

4、ut she survived. 她的父母死于車禍，而她卻幸免于難。 (2)These plants cannot survive in very cold conditions. 這些植物不能在寒冷的條件下存活。(3)The family are struggling to survive on very little money. 這家人靠著很少的錢艱難度日。(4)He is the only one of the soldiers who survived the war. 他是唯一一個從那場戰(zhàn)爭中幸存下來的戰(zhàn)士。(5)The house survived the storm. 經(jīng)過暴風

5、雨襲擊, 這所房屋并未倒塌。survivor n. 幸存者There was only one survivor from / of the plane crash. 這次空難只有一名幸存者。survival n. 幸存 His only chance of survival was a heart transplant. 唯有心臟移植手術才能使他活下來。2. IN SEARCH OF THE AMBER ROOM 尋找琥珀屋search v, n.verb: sth for sth/sb 搜查某物以尋找某人或某物(1)Police are still searching the woods

6、for the missing girl. 警察在搜索森林尋找失蹤女孩。 (2)Firefighters searched the building for survivors. 消防戰(zhàn)士搜查大樓尋找幸存者。 sb for sth 搜查某人以尋找某物The police searched her for drugs. 警察搜查她，看她身上是否有毒品。 for sth/sb 尋找某物或某人(1)She searched in vain for her passport. 她尋找護照，但是沒找到。(2)Ive searched high and low for my lost pen. 我到處尋找

7、丟失的鋼筆。noun： for sb/sth 搜尋某人或某物(1)a search for a missing plane 搜尋失蹤的飛機(2)She went into the kitchen in search of (= looking for) a drink. 她進入廚房找飲料喝。(3)Some birds fly south in search of winter sun. 一些鳥飛往南方尋覓冬季陽光。(4)The search for a cure goes on. 對治療方法的尋找在進行著。(5)The police carried out /made a thorough s

8、earch of the rooms, but they failed to find any drugs. 警方徹底地搜查了那些房間，但沒有找到任何毒品。3. The design of the room was in the fancy style popular in those days. 琥珀屋的設計是當時流行的奇特風格。design v, nverb: sth 設計 (1)to design a car / a dress / an office 設計汽車，連衣裙，辦公室 (2)a badly designed kitchen一間設計很差的廚房(3)He designed and

9、built his own house. 他設計建造了自己的家。be design ed for sth / be designed as sth / be designed to do 為某目的或用途而設計制造(1)The gloves are designed for extremely cold climates. 這些手套是為嚴寒地區(qū)設計制造的。(2)This course is designed as an introduction to the subject. 這門課程是作為該科目的入門課而開設的。(3)The programme is designed to help peop

10、le who have been out of work. 這個項目是為幫助失業(yè)的人而開設的。noun: (1)She had designs on his money. 她覬覦他的錢財。(2)We dont know if it was done by accident or by design. 我們不知道那件事是偶然的還是故意的。4. She told her artists to add more details to it. 她讓她的藝術家們給琥珀屋增加一些細節(jié)。add v. sth (to sth) 添加，增加Shall I add your name to the list? 我

11、把你的名字加到名單上，好嗎？ A to B / A and B together 加(1) Add 9 to the total. 在總數(shù)上加9。(2) If you add 5 and 5 together, you get 10. 5加5 得10。 sth (to sth) 補充說，又說(1) I have nothing to add to my earlier statement. 我對先前說的話沒什么要補充的。(2) “And dont be late,”she added. 她補充說，“別遲到了！”(3) He added that he would return a week l

12、ater. 他補充說他過一周就回來了。add to sth 增加The bad weather added to our difficulties. 壞天氣增加了我們的困難。add sth up 加起來Add up all the money I owe you. 把我欠你的錢加起來。add up to sth 加起來等于，等于說(1) The numbers add up to exactly 100. 這些數(shù)加起來正好是100。(2) His long answer just adds up to a refusal. 他說那么多實際等于是拒絕。5. The Russians were a

13、ble to remove some furniture and small art objects from the Amber Room. 俄羅斯人民從琥珀屋移走了一些家具和小藝術品。remove v. sth/sb from sth 將某物或某人從某處移開(1)He removed his hand from her shoulder. 他把放在她肩上的手移開了。(2)You should remove your hat in the church. 在教堂里你應該脫帽。(3)He removed the mud from his shoes. 他去掉鞋上的泥。(4)That offic

14、er was removed from his position. 那位軍官被免職了。 sth 消除，使消失(1)to remove problems / difficulties / objections 解決問題，克服困難，消除反對意見(2)The news removed any doubts about the companys future. 這個消息消除了人們對公司的未來的疑慮。(3)It was impossible to remove the stains from the tablecloth. 這些污漬不可能從桌布上除掉。removal n. 移動,調(diào)動,遷移,排除;免職(

15、1)removal of an official 一位官員的免職(2)The factory announced its removal to another town. 這家工廠宣布遷往另一座城市。6. There is no doubt that the boxes were put on a train for Konigsberg. 毫無疑問，那些箱子被裝上開往哥尼斯堡的火車。doubt v/nverb： v +sth There seems no reason to doubt her words. 好象沒有理由懷疑她的話。 v +(that) I never doubted (th

16、at) he would come. 我確信他會來。 v +wh- I doubt whether / if he will come. 我不敢肯定他來不來。v +sb I had no reason to doubt him. 我沒有理由懷疑他。noun U, C about / as to sth / that / wh- 懷疑(1)There is some doubt about her honesty. 人們對她的誠實有些懷疑。(2)I have some doubt as to his intention. 我有些懷疑他的意圖。(3)There is no doubt that h

17、e is a kind person. 毫無疑問，他是個善良的人。(4)She had her doubts whether he was telling the truth. 她懷疑他沒說真話。beyond (any) doubt 毫無疑問It is beyond doubt that smoking is harmful to our health. 毫無疑問，吸煙有害健康。in doubt 懷疑；不肯定She is in doubt whether she is right. 她懷疑自己是否正確。no doubt 無疑 No doubt he means to help, but in

18、fact he just gets in the way. 無疑他想幫忙，而實際上他是幫倒忙。without doubt 毫無疑問 This meeting has been, without doubt, the most successful we have had so far. 這次會議無疑是開得最成功的一個。練習：(1). Do you doubt _she will succeed?(2). I doubt _ he will keep his word.(3). I have no doubt _ he will win the game.Keys: (1). that (2).

19、 whether/if (3). that7. To them, it was worth much more than Chen Lei paid. 對他們來說，它的價值遠遠高于陳雷花的錢。 (1) worth adj, n.adj: sth / doing sth 值，值得The house is worth about £1000000. 這座房子價值1000000英鎊。How much is this painting worth? 這幅畫值多少錢？The museum is certainly worth a visit. 這個博物館值得參觀。Was it worth th

20、e effort? 它值得費這個勁嗎？The job involves a lot of hard work but its worth it. 這個工作很費勁，但值得去做。The trip was expensive but it was worth every penny. 這次旅行花了不少錢，但花得很值。This idea is well worth considering. 這個想法很值得考慮。Hes worth £10 million. 他擁有1千萬的財產(chǎn)。noun U 價值The winner will receive 100 pounds' worth of b

21、ooks. 獲勝者將得到價值100英鎊的圖書。(2) more than的用法 “more than名詞” 表示“多于”、“不僅僅是” 如： Modern science is more than a large amount of information. 現(xiàn)代科學不僅僅是大量的信息。Jason is more than a lecturer; he is a writer, too. 他不僅僅是講師，他還是個作家?！癿ore than數(shù)詞”含“以上”或“不止”之意，如： I have known David for more than 20 years. “More than形容詞”等于“

22、很”或“非常”的意思，如： In doing scientific experiments, one must be more than careful with the instruments. 做科學實驗時，必須非常小心儀器。I assure you I am more than glad to help you. 我保證我非常高興幫你。在“more.than.”中，肯定“more”后面的而否定“than”后面的，約等于“是而不是”或“與其說是后者，不如說是前者”如： Catherine is more lazy than stupid. 與其說凱瑟琳笨，不如說她懶。Hearing the

23、 loud noise, the boy was more surprised than frightened. 聽到那聲巨響，男孩很驚訝而不是害怕?！癿ore than”或“more.than.”含“can”的分句時表示“否定意思”，如： That's more than I can do. 這我做不了。Don't bite off more than you can chew. 貪多嚼不爛。Her joke went too far. It was more than I could put up with. 她的玩笑開得太過了，我受不了。此外，“more than”也在一

24、些慣用語中出現(xiàn)，如： More often than not（經(jīng)常），people tend to pay attention to what they can take rather than what they can give. All of us are more than a little concerned about（非常關心）the current economic problems. 總之，“more than”看似簡單，其實很有內(nèi)涵。8. After that, what happened to the Amber Room remains a mystery. 從那以后，

25、琥珀屋到底發(fā)生了什么事一直是個謎。remain 保持；停留；剩下(1)依然：v+adj / n / v-ed/ v-ing /thatto remain silent / standing / seated / motionless 保持沉默/站著/坐著/不動Train fares are likely to remain unchanged. 火車費可能保持不變。In spite of their quarrel, they remain the best of friends. 盡管吵架了，但他們依然是最好的朋友。Im sorry youre tired, but the fact rem

26、ains that the job has to be done. 很遺憾你累了，不過事還得做。(2)剩下：v+ (to do) Very little of the house remained after the fire. 大火之后房子所剩無幾。 There were only ten minutes remaining. 只剩下10分鐘。Much remains to be done. 很多事有待于做。It remains to be seen whether you are right. 你是否對以后才能知曉。(3)停留： v + adv. / prep They remained

27、in Mexico until June. 他們在墨西哥呆到了六月。 She left, but I remained behind. 她離開了，但我留了下來?？祭?. (2009四川) Please remain _ until the plane has come to a complete stop. A. to seat B. to be seated C. seating D. seated解析：答案是D。seat sb 意為“讓某人坐下”，所以某人坐著即為 “(Sb) be seated”。而remain同be一樣也是系動詞，所以后面也接seated。也可以把seated看作一個表

28、狀態(tài)的形容詞“坐著的”。 remain 表示“依然，繼續(xù)”，為系動詞，后加名詞，形容詞或分詞做表語?？祭?. With the _ five dollars, she bought a pair of shoes for her daughter. A. moreB. remainingC. leftD. rest解析：答案是B。remain表“剩下”為不及物動詞，表主動不用被動，所以它的形容詞形式為-ing. C選項的left 做后置定語。D項的rest為名詞，可帶of短語，不修飾名詞。9. It can be proved that China has more population th

29、an any other countries in the world. 可以證明，中國人口比世界上任何其他國家都多。prove (proved, proved) or (proved, proven)(1)vt. 證明 sth (to sb) They hope this new evidence will prove her innocence. 他們希望這個新證據(jù)會證明她無罪。Just give me a chance and Ill prove it to you. 給我一個機會，我會證明給你看。 (that) This proves (that) I was right. 這證明我是

30、對的。 wh- This proves what I have been saying for some time. 這證明了我一段時間以來所說的話。 +賓語+ adj She was determined to prove him wrong. 她決心要證明他錯了。(2)系動詞：證明是，顯示是v+adj/n Perhaps this book will prove (to be) useful. 或許這本書會證明有用的。 On the long journey, he proved a good companion.在長途旅行中他顯示出是個好旅伴。v +to be The prom

31、otion proved to be a turning point in his career. 這次提拔證明是他事業(yè)的轉(zhuǎn)折點。Their fears proved to be groundless. 他們的擔心證明是無根據(jù)的。 oneself (to be) n/adj He proved himself to be a good companion. 他顯示自己是個好旅伴。難點突破 一長難句分析 1. Fredrick William I, the King of Prussia, could never have imagined that his greatest gift to t

32、he Russian people would have such an amazing history. 普魯士國王威廉一世絕不可能想到他送給俄羅斯人民的厚禮會有這樣一段令人驚訝的歷史。 could never have imagined 過去不可能想到 情態(tài)動詞+ have done 表示對過去所發(fā)生的事情的推測，現(xiàn)歸納如下： must + have done只用于肯定句，意思是“過去一定做過”。cant +have done “過去不可能做過，肯定沒做過”，是must + have done的否定形式。should (ought to) + have done 表示“本來應該做而實際上沒

33、做”,含有責備的語氣。 should not (ought not to) + have done則表示“本來不該做而實際上做了”，含有責備的語氣。 could + have done 表示“本來有能力做而實際上沒有做”。 neednt + have done 表示“本來不必做的事，實際上做過了?！?would like to have done 表示“本來希望做而卻未做的事”。 may (might) + have done表示對過去的推測，多用于陳述句，意思是“可能”。might 比may 語氣更加委婉。 例如：例1. (2007福建) -Where is my dictionary? I

34、 remember I put it here yesterday.- You _ it in the wrong place. A. must putB. should have put C. might put D. might have put解析：答案是D。might have done表示過去可能做過的事。例2. (2007上海)-Guess what! I have got an A for my term paper. -Great! You _ read widely and put a lot of work into it. A. mustB. should C. must

35、 have D. should have解析：答案是C。此句意為“你肯定讀了很多書”，對過去發(fā)生的事情進行推測用must have done。例3. (2008重慶)-I cant find my purse anywhere. -You have lost it while shopping. A. may B. can C. should D. would解析：答案是A。此句意為“你可能購物時丟了它了”，過去可能發(fā)生的事情用may have done。例4. (上海 2000) My sister met him at the&#

36、160;Grand Theater yesterday afternoon, so he _  your lecture  A couldnt have attended  B neednt have attended  C mustnt have attended  D shouldnt have attended 解析：答案是A。此句意為 “我妹妹昨天下

37、午在大劇院碰見他了，所以他不可能聽了你的講座?！?表示過去不可能做了用“cant / couldnt have done”。 2which took the countrys best artists about ten years to make. 它花了這個國家最好的藝術家十年的時間建造的。 take 表示“ 需要，花費”，常用句型為“It takes sb some time to do sth.”例如： It took him all afternoon to finish the task. 他用了整個下午才完成這件工作。 Courage is what it takes to su

38、cceed. 成功需要勇氣。3. About four meters long, the room served as a small reception hall for important visitors. 琥珀屋長約四米，被當作了接待廳接見重要客人。 表示某物的長，寬，高的結(jié)構(gòu)為：數(shù)詞+量詞+ long/ wide/ high 或：數(shù)詞+量詞+ in length/ width/ height例：- _ is the height of the mountain? -Its 8848 meters _. A. How tall; highB. What; tallC. What; in

39、 heightD. What high; high 解析：答案是C。高度是多少用what提問，第二空可填high或in height。4. This was a time when the two countries were at war. 這是兩國交戰(zhàn)的時期。 a time 表示一段時間，為先行詞，when 引導定語從句，when在定語從句中作時間狀語?？碱}：There was _ time _ I hated to go to school. A. a, that B. a, whenC. the, thatD. the, when解析：答案是B。此題結(jié)構(gòu)和所分析的句子完全相同。 at

40、war (with) (和)處于交戰(zhàn)狀態(tài)，war前不要冠詞。其他“介詞+冠詞”表狀態(tài)的短語有： at: at work在工作/ at table 在吃飯/ at play 在玩耍 on: on show 在展出 / on duty值班/ on sale 出售；賤賣/ on holiday 在度假/ on fire在燃燒 / on watch值班，放哨/ on trial受審/ on business 因公，因事/ on guard 警惕，防范in: in trouble在麻煩中 / in danger 處于危險中/ in battle 在交戰(zhàn)/ in doubt懷疑，不確定/ in order

41、 秩序井然，整齊/ in secret 秘密地，私下地/ in debt 欠債/ in shape 處于良好狀態(tài)/ in anger憤怒地/ in poverty 在貧困中under: under repair在修理中 / under discussion正被討論 / under construction正在建造中 / under treatment 正被治療under control 被控制住5. The Russians were able to remove some furniture and small art objects from the Amber Room. 俄羅斯人民從琥

42、珀屋移走了一些家具和小藝術品。 was/ were able to 表示過去經(jīng)過努力，成功地做了某事，表達一種結(jié)果。類似于succeeded in doing 或managed to do的含義。如：He worked very hard, and was able to pass the examination. 他學習很努力，因而通過了考試?？碱}: The fire spread through the 

43、;hotel very quickly but everyone _ get out.  A. had to  B. would  C. could  D. was able to 解析：答案是D。此題意為“大火迅速在賓館蔓延開，但人們都成功地逃出去了”，表示過去成功地做了某事只能使用was  were able to do，故本題選D。二.詞語辨析：1. worth, wor

44、thy, worthwhile(1)worth: 只作表語，有某種價值The picture is worth $ 500. 這幅畫值500 美元。 be worth doing 值得做某事 （其后接動名詞時，總是用主動形式表示被動意義。）The clock is hardly worth repairing. 這臺鐘簡直不值得修理。What is worth doing is worth doing well. 值得干的事就得干好。Nothing he said was worth listening to. 他說的話沒有一句值得聽。 worth 習慣上不用 very 修飾，要表示類似意思可

45、用 well。如： The work is well worth doing.(2)worthy可用作表語和定語 worthy of sth值得 Their efforts are worthy of your support. 他們的努力應得到你的支持。  Her behavior is worthy of praise. 她的行為是值得贊揚的。 be worthy to do 值得（表主動） He is worthy to receive such honor. 他應該得到這種榮譽。 be worthy of being done/ be worthy to be do

46、ne 值得被（表被動） This suggestion is worthy to be considered. 這個建議值得考慮。This suggestion is worthy of being considered. 這個建議值得考慮。 作定語，值得尊重和考慮的，如：a worthy course 崇高的事業(yè)，(3)worthwhile: adj值得的，值得花時間、錢或精力的，作表語, 后接動名詞或不定式均可。 如：It is worthwhile buying/ to buy the dictionary. 這本詞典值得買。作定語，如：Nursing is a very worthwh

47、ile career. 護理工作是很值得干的職業(yè)。補充說明：在很多情況下，同一個意思可用幾種不同的形式表達。如：那個地方值得一去。正：The place is worth a visit.正：The place is worthy of a visit.正：The place is worth visiting.正：It is worth visiting the place.正：The place is worthy of being visited.正：The place is worthy to be visited.正：It is worthwhile visiting the pla

48、ce.正：It is worthwhile to visit the place.2. spend, cost, take, pay(1)spend的主語必須是人，常用于以下結(jié)構(gòu)： spend timemoney on sth. 在上花費時間（金錢）。例：I spent two hours on this maths problem. 這道數(shù)學題花了我兩個小時。 spend timemoney (in) doing sth. 花費時間（金錢）做某事。例：They spent two years (in) building this bridge. 造這座橋花了他們兩年時間。(2)cost的主語

49、是物或某種活動， 還可以表示“值”， 常見用法如下：sth. costs + (sb.) 金錢. 某物花了（某人）多少錢。例：A new computer costs a lot of money. 買一臺新電腦要花一大筆錢。 sth. costs + (sb.) 代價. 做某事使某人付出了什么代價。例：Drunk driving cost him his life. 酒后開車使他付出了生命的代價。 (3)take后面常跟雙賓語， 常見用法有以下幾種：It takes sb. 時間to do sth. 做某事花了某人多少時間。例：It took them three years to buil

50、d this road. 他們用了三年時間修完了這條路。It takes (sb )sth + to do sth. 做某事需要(某人)某物。例：Courage is what it takes to succeed.成功需要勇氣。A smile is sometimes what it takes to cheer a friend up. 有時候一個微笑就會使朋友高興起來。(4)pay的基本用法是： (Sb) pay (sb.) money for sth. 付錢（給某人）買。例：I have to pay them 20 pounds for this room each month.

51、我每個月要付20英磅的房租。 pay for sth. 付的錢。例：I have to pay for the book lost. 我不得不賠丟失的書款。 pay sb (+ to do) 付錢給某人(去做某事)。 例: We pay the baby-sitter by the hour. 我們按小時給保姆錢。I will pay you $3 to clean my car.我給你3美元你替我洗車。語法點撥限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句一限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句的概念1.限制性定語從句： 限制性定語從句對先行詞起限制、修飾的作用，關系代詞有that, which, whom,

52、who, whose以及關系副詞when, where, why等，沒有逗號把從句與先行詞分開。限制性定語從句是先行詞不可缺少的部分，去掉它主句意思往往不明確。例如： Do you know the professor who is speaking at the meeting? Where is the book which I bought this morning? 2.非限制性定語從句： 非限制性定語從句是先行詞的附加說明，去掉了也不會影響主句的意思，它與主句之間通常用逗號分開。用法其實與限制性定語從句極為相似，只是不能用that引導。例如： This letter is from

53、his parents, who are working in Tibet. English is an important subject, which every student should study well. 二. 限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句的區(qū)別 1. 從形式上看，限制性定語從句與其先行詞緊緊相連，兩者沒有停頓；非限制性定語從句與先行詞之間有逗號隔開。2. 從意義上講，限制性定語從句用來修飾先行詞，兩者密不可分；而非限制性定語從句僅僅對先行詞作補充性敘述或說明，兩者關系不那么緊密。3. 從翻譯方法來看，一般來說，限制性定語從句多半譯成漢語的前置定語，修飾其后的先行詞，非限制性定語從句則往往譯成后置的并列從句。例如：This is the house which we bought last year. 這是我們?nèi)ツ曩I的那幢房子。（限制性） This letter is from his parents, who are working in Tibet. 這封信是他父母寫來的，他們在西藏工作。（非限制性）  4. 從關系詞的使用來看:(1) that不能用來引導非限制性定語從句。(2) 在非限制性定語從句中的關系詞不能省略。(3) 非限制性定語從句的關系代詞which既可以指代前面的先行詞，也可以指代前面整