英語(yǔ)必修一知識(shí)點(diǎn)-M1MyFirstDayAtSeniorHigh

1、必修一知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)Module 1 My First Day At Senior High1. academic subjects 學(xué)業(yè)課、文化課，包括文科，理科。音體美不是 （1）art subjects文科如語(yǔ)文（Chinese）,英語(yǔ)（English）,歷史（History）政治（Politics） （2）science subjects 理科2. favourite 最喜愛(ài)的，中意的。因?yàn)樗旧砗小白睢钡囊馑迹詻](méi)有比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)。這類形容詞叫做“極限形容詞”。常見(jiàn)的還有wonderful,excellent,senior等。 This book is a great favouri

2、te of mine. 這本書是我最喜歡的。3. be enthusiastic about 對(duì)狂熱 I'm enthusiastic about soccer. （about后加名詞，表明對(duì)某事很有熱情）I'm enthusiastic about playing soccer（about后也可以加動(dòng)詞ing形式，表明對(duì)做什么很有熱情）4. be amazed to do sth. 做某事感到驚訝We were amazed to hear that she passed the test without much difficulty be amazed by/at 因某事

3、而感到驚訝You will be amazed at the results you will be getting in such a short period of time.be amazed that that是接從句的，意思是因?yàn)槭裁炊械襟@訝Don't be amazed that your computer can read your mind 5. follow instructions 按說(shuō)明來(lái)操作 If you follow my instructions, you will succeed.6. attitude to/towards sb./sth./doing

4、 對(duì)的態(tài)度What attitude do you have to language learning?Describe your attitude to studying English.attitude/air/manner 的區(qū)別 attitude 為普通用詞，指對(duì)人或事物的看法和采取的行動(dòng)，多有某種不很明確或不便明說(shuō)的感情色彩。I dont like her unhelpful attitude. 我不喜歡她的不合作態(tài)度。 air 含義廣泛。單數(shù)形式指某人臉上表現(xiàn)出的心理活動(dòng)，或指言談舉止；復(fù)數(shù)形式指某人故意做作而擺出的架子。I hate the way she put on airs

5、, 我不喜歡她那裝腔作勢(shì)的樣子。 manner 多指某人在某一場(chǎng)合的言談舉止等。It is bad manners to talk with your mouth full. 嘴里塞滿東西跟人說(shuō)話是不禮貌的。7. take/have/show a right/positive attitude to/towards 對(duì)持正確的態(tài)度 with this method 指具體的方法 8. in this way 用這種方法 指抽象的方式、方法、手段By this means9. be bored with 厭煩、厭倦 = be tired of be bored with + sth. be ti

6、red of +doing sth./sb. well-behaved (adj.) 表現(xiàn)好10. behave well/badly 表現(xiàn)好/不好 behave oneself 表現(xiàn)良好11. impress sb. with sth. 給留下深刻印象· impress sth on/upon sb 使某人牢記· impress sth. on/in sth. 在上/壓/蓋印· be impressed by/with/at sth 對(duì)印象深刻· make/leave/create an impression on/upon sb. 給留下印象12.

7、give a brief/full description of 簡(jiǎn)短地/詳細(xì)地描述·give a description of 描述13. encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓勵(lì)某人做某事·encourage sb. to do sth.與encourage sb. doing sth.區(qū)別to do 鼓勵(lì)某人去做某事（還沒(méi)做），強(qiáng)調(diào)的是某一具體的行為或動(dòng)作，且邏輯主語(yǔ)一定是句中的主語(yǔ). 如：she encourage me to learn drawing.doing 鼓勵(lì)某人正在做的事（已經(jīng)做了），表示比較抽象或一般的行為動(dòng)作，邏輯主語(yǔ)可以是也可以不是

8、句中的主語(yǔ) 如：she encourage me learning drawing.14. nothing like = be different frome與完全不同 It looks nothing like a horse. 比不上 The book is nothing like as difficult as I expected. ·something like 類似于15. 替代詞that 的用法 that=the +n. 1) that常用作指使代詞，也可用作替代詞。總是伴隨著限定性的后置修飾語(yǔ)，分別等于the one和 the ones。 例如： The house

9、s of the rich are generally larger than those of the poor 2) that也可替代不可數(shù)名詞，但是 the one則不能。例如： The resistance of a thicker wire is less than that of a thin one 以上兩例中的that都不能換成the one。 3) that作替代詞，只能指物，不能指人。those作替代詞，既可指物，也可指人。例如：The blonde girl I saw was older than the one you were dancing with 該句中的th

10、e one不能換成that。 4) that用作替代詞和它所替代的名詞詞組的中心詞的“數(shù)”可以不一致。替代單數(shù)名詞時(shí)，只替代“the 單數(shù)名詞”，不可替代“a單數(shù)名詞”。例如： The song by Schubert is more tuneful than that by Britain（thatthe song。song為可數(shù)名詞。） 請(qǐng)注意，這里說(shuō)的that只替代“the 單數(shù)名詞”，不可替代“a單數(shù)名詞，系指that在句子中實(shí)際的作用，并非要求它在句子中所代表的前面出現(xiàn)的詞組必須是“the 單數(shù)名詞。例如： In those days they lived a life worse

11、than that of a beast of burden 在該句中，前面出現(xiàn)的詞組為a life，但that替代的卻是the life。 5) that作為替代詞，它不能用于零關(guān)系分句（即沒(méi)有關(guān)系代詞的定語(yǔ)從句）之前。例如： The problem confronting us today is not dissimilar from that which the nation confronted in the 1930s16. have fun 玩得開心 =have a good time或enjoy oneself have fun donging sth.17. introduce

12、 sb. to sb. 向某人介紹 by oneself (1) 獨(dú)自一人(= alone) (2) 獨(dú)立地，單獨(dú)地，自動(dòng)地18. for oneself (1) 親自，獨(dú)自，獨(dú)立（做）(2) 為了自己 of oneself (用作副詞)意為“自發(fā)地，自動(dòng)地，自然而然地”例句：She used to sit by herself and read.    她從前常常獨(dú)自坐著看書。 She woke up of herself.    她自己醒來(lái)的。 He finished it by himself.   他獨(dú)立完成那件事。 You

13、should work out the problem for yourself.   你應(yīng)該獨(dú)立解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題。 She kept the biggest piece of pie for herself.   她把最大的一塊餡餅給了自己。19. in a plite/correct/proper wayl in the way擋路；妨礙 l In a way 在某種意義上 l by the way 順便l in this way 用這種方法l all the way 一直l by way of 經(jīng)由l no way 決不20. 倍數(shù)表達(dá)法用英語(yǔ)表達(dá)&q

14、uot;A 是 B 的 N 倍長(zhǎng)（寬，高，大，重等）"，"A 比 B 長(zhǎng)（寬，高，大，重等）N 倍" 或"A 的長(zhǎng)度（寬度，高度，大小，重量等）是 B 的 N 倍"，可用下列幾種句型。 （1）"A + be + 倍數(shù) + as + 計(jì)量形容詞原級(jí) + as + B". ( A is as long as B ) 原態(tài)表達(dá)法 This tree is three times as tall as that one. 這棵樹是那棵樹的三倍高。 (2) "A + be + 倍數(shù) + 計(jì)量形容詞比較級(jí) + than + B

15、 " (A is longer than B ) 比較級(jí)表達(dá)法 The Yangtze River is almost twice longer than the Pearl River. 長(zhǎng)江差不多比珠江長(zhǎng)兩倍。 （3）"A + be + 倍數(shù) + the + 計(jì)量名詞 + of + B " （ A is twice the length of B ） The newly broadened square is four times the size of the previous one. 新擴(kuò)建的廣場(chǎng)是未擴(kuò)建時(shí)的四倍大。(4) "The + 計(jì)量名

16、詞 + of + A + be + 倍數(shù) + that + of + B " (The size of A is twice that of B )The size of the newly broadened square is four times that of the previous one. 新擴(kuò)建的廣場(chǎng)為以前的四倍大。 (5) 其它 I'm twice/ double his age. 我的年齡是他的兩倍。 I've paid five times the usual price for the stamp. 我出了5倍于往常的價(jià)格買這枚郵票。21. l

17、ook forward to (doing) sth. 期待、盼望be/get used to doing 習(xí)慣于pay attention to 注意pay a visit to 參觀、拜訪lead to 通向 導(dǎo)致22. be fluent in Chinese/English 23. make great/a lot of progress24. be similar to 與相似 be similar with 是某人對(duì)什么很熟悉 ,是主動(dòng) 后邊只可以加人be similar to 是某物為某人所熟知,與.相似 , 是被動(dòng)，后邊既可以加物主代詞又可以加人be similar in 在某

18、方面與相似25. 否定轉(zhuǎn)移 在英語(yǔ)中，把賓語(yǔ)從句的否定轉(zhuǎn)移到主句的否定，即主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用否定式，而從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用肯定式，叫做否定轉(zhuǎn)移將 I dont think Ill be bored. 1）能用否定轉(zhuǎn)移的條件： 主語(yǔ)只限I和we； 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)是think, believe, suppose, imagine, expect,guess等。I dont imagine the meeting will take more than an hour. 我想會(huì)議不會(huì)超過(guò)一小時(shí)。2）下列情況不用否定轉(zhuǎn)移：    當(dāng)主句的主語(yǔ)是第二、三人稱時(shí)。He thinks t

19、his problem is not difficult. 他認(rèn)為這個(gè)問(wèn)題并不難。當(dāng)think后的賓語(yǔ)從句中含有not的固定詞組（如cant help, not at all, not only but also等）時(shí)。I think everybody cant help laughing if they see it. 我想人人見(jiàn)到它都會(huì)禁不住大笑。當(dāng)think 后的賓語(yǔ)從句中含有 no, never, nothing, nobody.等否定詞時(shí)。I think noting is too difficult if you put your heart into it. 我認(rèn)為只要你用心，

20、沒(méi)有什么難事。當(dāng)think 前有起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用的助動(dòng)詞（do 的適當(dāng)形式）時(shí)。I do think you shouldnt go there. 我確實(shí)認(rèn)為你不該去那里。當(dāng)think 和另一動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成并列謂語(yǔ)時(shí)。I think and hope that Im not disturbing you too much. 我認(rèn)為，也希望沒(méi)太打擾你。當(dāng)think 是一般過(guò)去式或過(guò)去進(jìn)行式時(shí)。I thought you hadnt caught the bus. 我認(rèn)為你并沒(méi)趕上那輛公共汽車。 當(dāng)think 是完成式或完成進(jìn)行式時(shí)。Ive often thought high life doesnt agr

21、ee with us. 我常常認(rèn)為上流社會(huì)的生活并不適合我們。 當(dāng)think 前面有副詞修飾時(shí)。You may be a clever man and good teacher, but I sometimes think you dont see simplest thing that is taking place under your very nose. 你也許是個(gè)聰明人，一個(gè)優(yōu)秀的老師，不過(guò)我有時(shí)認(rèn)為即使就在你眼皮底下發(fā)生的最簡(jiǎn)單的事情你也不見(jiàn)的能看見(jiàn)。26. Would/Do you mind(me/my/John/Johns doing)No,go ahead不介意 of cou

22、rse not Not at all, please do Im sorry, but介意 I think you'd better not · Never mind 不要緊 at the start of27. at the beginning of at the end of28. by the end of29. have the biggest smile 笑容滿面30. How are you doing? 情況怎么樣？How is it goingHow are youHow are things 你好嗎？How are you getting along/onH

23、ow are things going on31. So have I so + 助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞/be+主語(yǔ) 表示前面所說(shuō)的情況也適合第一個(gè)人 so + 主語(yǔ)+助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞/be 表示某人的確如此1）So + be / 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞 +主語(yǔ)。表示前面所述的情況也適用于后者。   You were at Junior High school last year, and so was my sister.  He can speak French, and so can I. (= I can speak French too.)  

24、2）neither/ nor +be/ 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞 +主語(yǔ)，表示某人也不   This film is not interesting, and neither is that one.   He won't do it, and nor will I.   3）如果上文描述的是不止一種情況（兩種或以上）時(shí)，表示前面所述的情況也適用于后者時(shí)，我們通常使用以下句式：So it is with sb.或It's the same with sb./sth.   - He's an hone

25、st worker and works hard.   - So it is with you.   Marx made great progress in Russia and soon he could write articles in it. So it was the same with Engles.   4）“So + 主語(yǔ)+ be / 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞”，表示“某人/物的確如此”   You say he is diligent; so he is.你說(shuō)他很勤奮，他的確是這樣的。 

26、0; - She can speak German.   - So she can.32. Secondary school 中等學(xué)校，中學(xué)（在歐美指912年級(jí)）elementary school 指18年級(jí)high school 高中33. cover 覆蓋、掩蓋、遮蓋 be covered with The book covers all the information you want. 這本書包含所有你想要的信息。 占（面積） cover an area of The exhibition covers an area of 10,000 aquare metres

27、. 展覽會(huì)展出面積為一萬(wàn)平方米。 行走、走過(guò)（一段路程） We covered 10 kilometres a day. 我們一天走了10 公里。 看完（多少頁(yè)書） （新聞?dòng)浾撸﹫?bào)道采訪CCTV has sent several reporters to cover the event.中國(guó)中央電視臺(tái)已派了幾名記者去報(bào)道此事。 包括/包含；涉及處理 (錢)足夠付34. jion in 加入進(jìn)行中的行動(dòng) jion sb. in (doing/sth.) 與一起做某事 take part in 指參加會(huì)議或群眾性活動(dòng) join sb. 加入某人或某些人的行列35. The Present Tens

28、e 1） 表示習(xí)慣性的，現(xiàn)在反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，常與always, often, usually, seldom, never, every day 等連用。 2）表示主語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在的特征、性格和說(shuō)話時(shí)的感覺(jué)、狀態(tài)等。 3） 表示客觀事實(shí)、真理和科學(xué)事實(shí)。 4） 表示按規(guī)定計(jì)劃要發(fā)生的將來(lái)的動(dòng)作或時(shí)刻表（只限與 come, go, stay, start, leave,begin, return 等主要用來(lái)表示在時(shí)間上已確定或安排好的事情。 5） 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)還可用在 if, unless, when, before,as soon as, although, no matter, when/where/who/what/ even if 等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間或讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中表將來(lái)。36. The Present continuous Tense 1) 表示說(shuō)話時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。 2）表示現(xiàn)階段（說(shuō)話時(shí)不一定正在進(jìn)行） 3）表示反復(fù)出現(xiàn)或習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作，往往會(huì)有贊美、厭惡、遺憾等情緒 4