高中英語(yǔ)M3unit3導(dǎo)學(xué)案牛津版必修(共5頁(yè))

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上Unit3 Lost civilizationsStep 1 Question1. What happened to Pompeii in August AD 79?2. How was the buried city discovered?3. What were the stepping stones along the road in Pompeii used for?4. Why was Loulan an important city about 2,000 years ago?5. How do many people think Loulan disap

2、peared?Step 2 DiscussionMake students discuss the topic: What would you like to show to the aliens about our human civilizations if they came to our earth? Why?Step 3首字母填空完成句子。1. The time bomb e _xploded_, but fortunately nobody was injured.2. Mount Vesuvius hasnt e_ rupted _ for many years.3. The e

3、arthquake left the whole town in r_ uins _.4. They d_ ecorated _ the room with flowers and balloons.5. It is generally accepted that the Chinese c_ivilization_ is one of the oldest in the world.Step 4 Language pointsDay 1,15July1、 to have done是動(dòng)詞不定式的完成時(shí)態(tài)形式，此時(shí)表示該動(dòng)作在主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作之前發(fā)生eg. 他干了這樣一件事真是荒唐。It is cr

4、azy of him to have done such a thing. 你碰到過(guò)這么多的著名的科學(xué)家，真是太幸運(yùn)了。You are lucky to have met so many famous scientists.2、 句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞使用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，而時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)tomorrow表示將來(lái)。這是因?yàn)樵谟⒄Z(yǔ)表達(dá)中描述已經(jīng)安排好的，按計(jì)劃將要發(fā)生的事情時(shí)，?？墒褂矛F(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)表示將來(lái)。eg. 誰(shuí)將挨著我我坐？Who is sitting next to me? 你今晚干什么？What are you doing tonight?表示位置移動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞，可用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)表示將來(lái)。如：go,come,fly,

5、leave,arrive,move,send等eg. 臺(tái)風(fēng)就要來(lái)了。A typhoon is coming.我們要搬到香港去了。We are moving to HongKong.3、 be known as作為而出名，被稱(chēng)為，大家公認(rèn)，叫作，介詞as后面接名稱(chēng)、身份等內(nèi)容的詞eg.海南島被譽(yù)為“東方夏威夷”。Hainan Island is known as the Eastern Hawaii.辨析：be known for 因而出名、著稱(chēng) 介詞for后面接成名的原因eg.中國(guó)因其瓷器而聞名。China is known for its china.Day 2,16July4、 atten

6、d 為及物動(dòng)詞，“參加”側(cè)重指出席、露面等，不強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)人在活動(dòng)中的作用。可用指上學(xué)、聽(tīng)報(bào)告等，也可用于表示出席會(huì)議、儀式等。eg.Tom沒(méi)有出席婚禮。Tom did not attend the wedding.“參加”的多種結(jié)構(gòu)及區(qū)別：join“參加，加入”既可指參加某一群人的活動(dòng)，也可指參加某個(gè)組織。eg. 我可以加入到你們之中嗎？Can I join you?他當(dāng)兵還不夠年齡。He is too young to join the army. join in指參加某種活動(dòng)，有時(shí)也用join sb in doing sth 結(jié)構(gòu)，側(cè)重指“和某人一起做某事”其賓語(yǔ)常為小規(guī)?；顒?dòng)，如球賽，游戲等

7、，多用于日?？谡Z(yǔ)。eg.現(xiàn)在越來(lái)越多的人參與健身運(yùn)動(dòng)。Today more and more people join in keeping fit.take part in指參加某種活動(dòng)，使用時(shí)，可用不同形容詞修飾part,表示程度。其賓語(yǔ)多為群眾性活動(dòng)或會(huì)議等。eg.你會(huì)參加比賽嗎？Will you take part in the game?5、 take over “接任；接管；繼承”該短語(yǔ)由“短語(yǔ)+副詞”構(gòu)成，其后賓語(yǔ)為名詞時(shí)，名詞放在over前后都可以，但是賓語(yǔ)為代詞時(shí)，必須放在over前。eg. 他的工作由誰(shuí)來(lái)接替？Who will take over his job? 這家公司已

8、經(jīng)吞并了許多小公司。The large company has taken over many small ones. 她生病期間，生意由她女兒接管。When she fell ill, her daughter took over the business.6、 Near the city was a volcano.這是一個(gè)倒裝句，原語(yǔ)序?yàn)閍 volcano was near the city 使用這種倒裝句時(shí)，可以對(duì)主語(yǔ)進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)。要點(diǎn)提示：表示地點(diǎn)的介詞短語(yǔ)放在句子開(kāi)頭時(shí)，句子常用倒裝語(yǔ)序，此時(shí)將句子的主語(yǔ)放在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞后。eg. 在左邊是一副中國(guó)地圖。On the left is a m

9、ap of China. 河上有一座磚砌的橋。Over the river lies a brick bridge.7、pour在句中作不及物動(dòng)詞，“不斷流出；不停冒出”此時(shí)常用表示“物”的內(nèi)容作主語(yǔ)。其后與介詞或副詞短語(yǔ)連用 pour out of “從不斷流出”8、so was the city. 這是也一個(gè)倒裝句 句中“同樣”的意思，用于代替與上文相同的情形。so+主語(yǔ)+助動(dòng)詞 用于上文與本句主語(yǔ)所指內(nèi)容相同時(shí)-Its hot today.今天很熱-So it is!是??！He said he would come to see me ,and so he did.他說(shuō)了他要來(lái)看我，他真

10、的來(lái)了。so+助動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)，用于上文與本句主語(yǔ)不相同。She likes dogs;so does he.她喜歡狗，他也喜歡。You are clever and so is your son.你很聰明，你的兒子也一樣。So只用于指代肯定意義的內(nèi)容。如果上文中內(nèi)容為否定意義，常應(yīng)使用neither或nor代替代詞。neither用于兩者之間，nor用于多者之間。1) I felt excited, _so_ did the others.2) I didnt feel excited, _ neither/ nor _ did the others.3) Ive never been to L

11、ondon, neitherhave my parents.9、erupt 不及物動(dòng)詞（火山）爆發(fā)，噴發(fā)eg.這兒的火山常常噴發(fā)。The volcanoes here often erupt.（搏斗，暴力事件，噪音等）突然發(fā)生；爆發(fā)eg.有時(shí)沒(méi)有什么明顯的原因也會(huì)爆發(fā)幫派之間的暴力事件。Sometimes gang violence can erupt for no apparent reason.Day 3,17July10、discover“發(fā)現(xiàn)”可指發(fā)現(xiàn)以前就存在，但不為人知的東西，也可指新的科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)。eg. 他于1492年發(fā)現(xiàn)了美洲。He discovered America in 1

12、492.吉爾伯特發(fā)現(xiàn)了電，愛(ài)迪生發(fā)明了電燈。Gilbert discovered electricity,but Edison invented the electric light bulb.invent“發(fā)明”也可表示“杜撰，編造”之意。其賓語(yǔ)指以前并不存在的物體。eg. 他一直努力要發(fā)明新東西。He always strives to invent something new.11、under protection“受保護(hù)”其中under為介詞，意為“在過(guò)程中；正在經(jīng)受”。使用時(shí)，protection可換位其他不帶冠詞直接修飾的名詞。eg. 作品的版權(quán)受到保護(hù)，直到作者逝世五十年為止。T

13、he copyright of works is under protection until 50 years after the authors death.這個(gè)問(wèn)題正在討論。The question is under discussion. 我現(xiàn)在不能使用我的辦公室，它正在維修。I cant use my office now; it is under repair.12、be decorated with“用裝飾”，其主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)形式為decorate A with B 意為“用B裝飾A”其中介詞短語(yǔ)with表示所使用的工具或方式。eg.他們用燈裝飾圣誕樹(shù)。They decorate th

14、e Christmas tree with lights. 我們用眼睛看，用耳朵聽(tīng)。We see with our eyes and hear with our ears.13、turn out “結(jié)果時(shí)；最后情況是”這里it為無(wú)人稱(chēng)代詞。That引導(dǎo)的從句在這里作賓語(yǔ)，此時(shí)that不可省略。It turns out that常被當(dāng)作固定表達(dá)，譯為“結(jié)果”eg.結(jié)果這種材料不能很好地起作用。It turns out that this method does not work well. 結(jié)果他是喬治的父親。It turned out that he was Georges father.tu

15、rn out常見(jiàn)用法：turn out+名詞eg.結(jié)果他的大兒子是個(gè)流氓。His eldest son turned out a rogue.turn out+形容詞/副詞eg. 結(jié)果考試很容易。The exam turned out(to be )easy.如果結(jié)果很糟的話，她會(huì)把責(zé)任推到我們身上的。Shell put the blame on us if the result turns out badly. turn out+to be+其他eg.結(jié)果那聲音是狗在刨門(mén)。The noise turned out to be the dog scratching at the door.tu

16、rn 構(gòu)成的常用短語(yǔ)：turn down “關(guān)小（音量等）；拒絕”tunn up“調(diào)大（音量；熱量等）；露面”turn in“交上去；（向警方）高發(fā)”turn out“結(jié)果是，證明是；到場(chǎng)，出席；制造，培養(yǎng)；關(guān)（燈等）”turn to“翻到；轉(zhuǎn)向；求助于，求教于”14、break down為不及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，“分解；分化”有時(shí)也用break down into表示“分解為”eg.許多年后，巖石分解為塵土。After many years, rocks break down into dirt.15、leave為及物動(dòng)詞，表示“留下；遺留”此時(shí)其后用介詞短語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)說(shuō)明賓語(yǔ)所處的位置。eg.也

17、許你把鑰匙忘記在家里了。Maybe youve left the key at home. 真倒霉，我把背包忘在汽車(chē)上了。Bad luck, I left my backpack on the bus.特別提示：英語(yǔ)中表示“把某物遺忘在某處”常用“l(fā)eave+地點(diǎn)”，而不是“forget+地點(diǎn)”eg.抱歉，但是我恐怕我的護(hù)照留在酒店了。Sorry, but Ive afraid my passport is left in the hotel. 16、imagine vt “想像”其用法如下（五種）imaginen.想像doing sth 想像做某事sb doing sth想像某人做某事tha

18、t -clause想像sb/sth+to be+n./adj.想像某人/某物eg.很難想像出一份更槽糕的工作了。Its hard to imagine a more unpleasant job.17、destroy vt 破壞；毀滅；摧毀 指某種力量“殺死或摧毀”某人或某物，往往不可以恢復(fù)。eg.水摧毀了整個(gè)村莊。The flood destroyed the whole village. 學(xué)校被大火徹底燒毀了。The school was completely destroyed by fire.Day10，24July18、cover over為固定短語(yǔ)，“遮沒(méi)；蓋住”在這里用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)

19、eg.細(xì)心的母親將熟睡的嬰兒蓋了起來(lái)。The sleeping child was covered over by the careful mother.Day11，25July 19、ruin為可數(shù)名詞，“廢墟”常用作復(fù)數(shù)形式eg.那里是一座古代建筑物的廢墟。There were the ruins of an ancient building. 我們?cè)谀鞲缈戳艘蛔斞殴艔R的遺址。We saw the ruin of an ancient Maya temple in Mexico.20、together with “連同一起；跟一塊兒”。引導(dǎo)的短語(yǔ)常用作狀語(yǔ)。eg.隨同包裹來(lái)的還有一張賬單。There was a bill together with the parcel.同義表達(dá)：along with