外研版必修三module3重點知識與練習(xí)

1、必修一 module3. 單詞薈萃1. experience n.經(jīng)驗；經(jīng)歷 v.經(jīng)歷，體驗 adj.有經(jīng)驗的2. adj.暴力的 violence n.暴力3. eruption n.噴發(fā). v.噴發(fā)4. n.可能 possible adj.可能的 adv.可能地 adj.不可能的5. adj.令人可怕的 terrify v.使害怕 adj.害怕的6. adv.幸運地 lucky adj.幸運的 n.幸運7. active adj.積極的 adv.積極地 n.積極，活動8. occur v.發(fā)生 過去式 過去分詞-occurrence n.發(fā)生的事情；發(fā)生， 出現(xiàn)9. strike v.襲擊

2、 過去式 過去分詞10. adv.感激地thankful adj.感激的11. adv.滿懷希望地， 有希望地hopeful adj.滿懷希望的12. adv.傷心地， 難過地sad adj.傷心的， 難過的 n.傷心，難過. 短語檢測1 拿起；拾起；搭載；學(xué)會；收聽2平均3 有史以來4 .到時為止5 結(jié)束；告終6撲滅7.放火燒8總共9 帶來損害10 使某人無家可歸pick upon average of all time by the time end up put out set fire to in alldo/cause damage make sb. homeless. 佳句再現(xiàn)1

3、They can destroy houses, but leave the furniture inside exactly .他們 （龍卷風(fēng) ）能夠毀壞房子， 但是房子里的家具卻留在原地。2 . , there are 800 tornadoes in the US each year, causing about 80deaths and 1, 500 injured.平均來說， 美國每年發(fā)生800 次龍卷風(fēng)， 造成大約 80 人死亡， 1500 人受傷。3 The worst tornado in 1925, three US states:Missouri, Illinois and

4、 Indiana.歷史上最嚴重的龍卷風(fēng)發(fā)生于1925 年， 影響了美國三個州：密蘇里州、伊利諾斯州和印第安納州。4 .it ended, more than 700 people and 2, 700等到風(fēng)停時， 已有 700 多人死亡， 2700 多人受傷。5 The fires burned for three days, a total of 25, 000 buildings.大火持續(xù)了三天， 燒毀了 25000 座建筑。IV.詞匯學(xué)習(xí)1 experience n. 經(jīng)驗；經(jīng)歷v. 經(jīng)歷；遭受(1) experienced adj .有經(jīng)驗的；熟練的(2) from/by experi

5、ence憑經(jīng)驗；從經(jīng)驗中(得出 )be experienced in在 方面有經(jīng)驗【溫馨提示】experience 作“經(jīng)驗”講是不可數(shù)名詞， 作“經(jīng)歷”講是可數(shù)名詞?！净顚W(xué)活用】(1) Mr Brown has in teaching.布朗先生有豐富的教學(xué)經(jīng)驗。(2) Yesterday afternoon I had .昨天下午， 我遭遇了一次可怕的經(jīng)歷。(3) Everyone at some time in their lives.每個人在人生的某個階段都會經(jīng)歷這些問題。2 cause n . 原因， 起因；事業(yè)v. 引起， 導(dǎo)致for a good cause 為了正義的事業(yè)caus

6、e sb. to do sth. 促使某人做某事【易混辨析】cause 和 reason(1) cause 指“導(dǎo)致某事發(fā)生的原因或起因”， 常跟 of 搭配。如： We do not yet know the cause of the accident. 我們尚不清楚事故的原因。(2) reason 指“做某事的理由”， 常跟 for 或 why 引導(dǎo)的定語從句搭配。He has given no reasons for his decision. 他并未說明他決定的理由?！净顚W(xué)活用】(1)Tell me you were so late this morning. 告訴我今天上午你來這么晚

7、的原因。2 2) was carelessness. 火災(zāi)的起因是粗心。3 occur v.發(fā)生；(come into one ' s miid)(> 念頭等)出現(xiàn)(1) occurrence n. 發(fā)生的事情、事件；發(fā)生；出現(xiàn)(2) sth. occur to sb. 某事浮現(xiàn)在某人的腦海中； 某人想到某事 It occurs to sb. that/It occurs to sb. to do某人想至U 【易混辨析】take place, happen, occur, come about 和 break out以上詞或短語都含有 “發(fā)生 ”的意思， 區(qū)別如下：(1)take

8、 place 表示“發(fā)生，舉行，舉辦”， 一般指非偶然性事件的發(fā)生， 即這種事件的發(fā)生是由于某種原因或根據(jù)事先的安排。 (2)happen 作“發(fā)生”講，一般用于偶然或突發(fā)性事件。另外還可以表示“碰巧”。常用于搭配：happen to do sth./It happens that(3)occur 作“發(fā)生”講， 其意義相當(dāng)于happen, 但它還可以表示“想到， 突然想起”。(4)come about 表示“發(fā)生， 產(chǎn)生”， 多指事情已經(jīng)發(fā)生了， 但還不知道為什么，常用于疑問句和否定句?？梢詷?gòu)成句 型：How did it come about that ? 是怎么發(fā)生的？(5)break

9、out 意為“發(fā)生， 爆發(fā)”， 常指戰(zhàn)爭、災(zāi)難、疾病或 者爭吵等事件的發(fā)生， 也可以表示突然大聲叫喊等?！緶剀疤崾尽可厦姹硎尽鞍l(fā)生”的五個詞或短語， 都是不及物動詞。其主語都是事情、事件等?！净顚W(xué)活用】(1) The 28th Olympic Games in Beijing. 第 28 屆奧運會在北京舉行。(2) How did it that he knew where we were ？他是怎么知道我們在什么地方的呢？(3) Should another world war , what would become of human beings?萬一另一次世界大戰(zhàn)爆發(fā)， 人類將會發(fā)生什么

10、事？(4) I on my way home.=I saw him on my way home.我碰巧在回家的路上見到了他。(5) that you may be wrong?你有沒有想到過你有可能是錯的？4 ruin v. ( 使 )破產(chǎn)；(使 )墮落；毀滅n. 毀滅；廢墟in ruins 成為廢墟 go/fall/come to ruin 毀滅；崩潰；破壞掉【易混辨析】ruin, damage, destroy 和 harm(1) ruin 一般指對物體或生命徹底的破壞， 但往往是非暴力 的， 也往往不是一次性打擊的結(jié)果， 常指對美好的或希望 中的事物的破壞。(2) damage 一般指

11、對物體或生命的局部損傷， 使整體的價值或作用降低或變得無價值、 無作用。它既可作名詞， 也可 作動詞。作名詞時常構(gòu)成搭配：cause/do damage (to 附造成損害。(3) destroy 往往指對某物體進行完全的毀壞，使之無法恢復(fù)。(4) harm 一般指傷害有生命的東西，常指傷及人的健康、 權(quán)利、 事業(yè)等。What he faced ruined his hope. 他所面對的使他的希望破滅了。The whole city was destroyed in the earthquake. 整個城市在地震中被毀掉了。We wanted to have a look at the ru

12、ins of Pompeii. 我們想看一下龐貝城的廢墟。They managed to repair the houses that had been damaged.他們設(shè)法修復(fù)了受到破壞的房子。【活學(xué)活用】用 ruin, damage 或 destroy 的適當(dāng)形式填空(1)The rain caused great to the crops.(2)The building was completely in the fire.(3)She poured water all over my painting, and it.(5) strike v.打；碰撞；（突然）襲擊；突然想到；讓（

13、某人）覺得，留下印象；擦 （火柴）；鐘敲響n.罷工It strikes me that某人突然想到/意識到be deeply struck被深深打動strike sb. as讓某人覺得 be on strike 在罷工go on strike 舉行罷工打擊碰撞襲擊【易混辨析】strike, hit 和 beat(1) strike指用力地“打擊”，表示短暫的動作，含有急速的或突然的一次性的 毆打、打擊或敲擊，是普通用詞，有時與hit通用，并用于比喻意義。(2) hit指“打”時，側(cè)重于對某一點“打中，擊中”，或有目 的地打，表結(jié)果。(3) beat指“連續(xù)毆打，擊敗”，也指心臟的“跳動”?！净?/p>

14、學(xué)活用】1 .根據(jù)語境判斷strike在下列句中的含義(1)The plan strikes me as ridiculous. (2)His knee struck against the chair. (3)It was dark in the room so he struck a match.(4)An earthquake struck this area last year. (5)A good idea struck me and I decided to go abroad.2 .用beat, hit或strike的適當(dāng)形式填空(1)When she heard the bad

15、 news, her heart fast.(2)They left the house when the clock twelve.(3)I was deeply by the beauty of the country.(4)It me that there was no one at home.(5)A bullet him on the leg.V短語學(xué)習(xí)1 set fire to 放火燒；使燃燒set on fire 放火燒；使燃燒 catch fire著火；起火be on fire 燃燒著 make a fire 生火put out fire 撲火 play with fire 冒

16、大風(fēng)險；玩火【活學(xué)活用】(1)It took firemen several hours ( 撲滅火 ).(2)It seems that something ( 已經(jīng)著火 ).(3)The house ( 在燃燒 ).(4)Anyone who ( 放火燒 ) the building can t escape punishment.2 take place 發(fā)生；舉行take sb. ' s place/take the place o代替;接替in place of 代替 in place 在正確的位置；適當(dāng)out of place 在錯誤的位置；在不適當(dāng)?shù)奈恢胕n sb. &#

17、39; s placet于某人的位置【活學(xué)活用】(1)The contest every four years. 該賽事每 4 年舉行一次。(2)Jane was absent, and I had to find someone to . 簡沒來， 我只好找個人替她。3 3) Try to put yourself and think how you would feel.把自己放在我的位置上， 想想你會有什么感覺。4 4) Some of these files seem to be . 有些檔案似乎沒放對地方。3 end up 結(jié)果為(1)put an end to sth.；以使某事結(jié)

18、束，bring sth. to an end 使某事結(jié)束，(2)on end 連續(xù)地；豎著；直立地at the end of 在結(jié)束時make ends meet 使收支相抵結(jié)束終止終止 come to an end 結(jié)束；終止in the end 最后；終于by the end of 到 結(jié)束時為止【溫馨提示】end up 往往指意料之外的結(jié)果，If you continue to steal, youIf he carries on driving like that, he命。'他endup哥eaa 早晚得死于非后面可以加動名詞、介詞短語或形容詞。如：'ll end up

19、你裝rsOn續(xù)行竊，終歸得進監(jiān)獄。We were going to go out, but ended up staying at home.我們原計劃外出， 但結(jié)果卻是呆在家里了。【活學(xué)活用】(1) What did the teacher say her lecture? 在上課結(jié)束時老師說了什么？(2) He had to give up . 他最終不得不放棄。(3) At first he refused to accept any responsibility but heapologizing.最初他拒不承認有任何責(zé)任， 到頭來還是道了歉。【句式點撥】這兩個句子都是現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀

20、語，表示意料之中的結(jié)果，起補充說明的作用。而不定式作結(jié)果狀語則表示意料之外的結(jié)果。【活學(xué)活用】(1)He dropped the plate,it into a hundred pieces.他把盤子掉地上了，摔成了碎片。(2)He got well prepared for the interview,that the interview was cancelled.他精心為面試做好了準(zhǔn)備，結(jié)果卻被告知，面試取消了。n.選詞填空in all , set fire to , by the time , pick up , on average1. you arrive, I will have

21、 left.2. J spend two hours doing my homework every day.3. Sorry, I have to go to my son from school.4. How much money does he owe you ?5. Have the police found out who the building?in.單項填空1 . 2010 天津卷It rained heavily in the south , serious flooding in several provinces.A. causedB. having causedC. c

22、ausingD. to cause【解析】C 現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語，起補充說明的作用。2 . 2010 天津卷Joining the firm as a clerk, he got rapid promotion, and as a manager.A. ended up B. dropped outC. came backD. started off【解析】A 考查動詞短語。end up = as a result = it turns out to be結(jié)果是，以 為結(jié)局。3. 2011 安徽卷 , I managed to get through the game and the pain w

23、as worth it in the end.A. Hopefully B. NormallyC. ThankfullyD. Conveniently【解析】C 考查副詞。hopefully懷有希望地；normally通常地；thankfully感激地，感謝地；conveniently方便地。句意：謝天謝地我最終成功地完成了比賽，所受的痛苦 都是值得的。根據(jù)句意，C為正確答案。4. Encourage your children to try new things, but try not to them too hard.A. draw B . strike C . rush D . pus

24、h【解析】D 考查動詞辨析。句意：鼓勵你的孩子去嘗試新事物，但不要把他們逼得太緊了。push推，擠，逼迫；strike打，罷工，劃燃；rush沖進，匆促行事，催；draw拉，拖，挨近，提取，畫，繪制。根據(jù)句意，應(yīng)選 Do5. By the time he realizes he into a trap, itfor h1mlt(bel(boo lateanything about it.A walksB walked C has walked D had walked【解析】 C 考查時態(tài)。句意：等到他意識到他已經(jīng)掉進了一個陷阱的時候，對他來說做什么補救措施都為時已晚。在表時間、條件、讓步的狀語從句中，現(xiàn)在完成時可用來表示將來某時以前已完成的動作。6. I got caught in the rain and my suit .A has ruined B had ruinedC has been ruinedD had been ruined【解析】 C 考查動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)。很顯然，主語my suit 和謂語動詞ruin 之間是被動關(guān)系，但had been ruined又不符合時間關(guān)系，所以只有選C。當(dāng)然此題如果用was r