九年級英語新目標被動語態(tài)講解輔導及專練試題

1、被 動 語 態(tài) 一、語態(tài)概述 英語的語態(tài)是通過動詞形式的變化表現(xiàn)出來的。英語中有兩種語態(tài)：主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)。 主動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的執(zhí)行者。巧記為：主動、主動、主去動。 例如：Many people speak English. 謂語：speak的動作是由主語many people來執(zhí)行的。 被動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的承受者，即行為動作的對象。巧記為：被動、被動、主被動。例如：English is spoken by many people.主語English是動詞speak的承受者。 We Visited that factory last summer 主動語態(tài)主語 謂語 賓語 狀語Th

2、at factory was visited by us last summer 被動語態(tài) 主語 謂語 賓語 狀語 二、被動語態(tài)的構成 被動語態(tài)由“助動詞be及物動詞的過去分詞”構成。人稱、數(shù)和時態(tài)的變化是通過be的變化表現(xiàn)出來的?，F(xiàn)以teach為例說明被動語態(tài)在各種時態(tài)中的構成。 一般現(xiàn)在時：amisaretaught 一般過去時：wasweretaught 一般將來時：willshall betaught 現(xiàn)在進行時：amisare beingtaught 過去進行時：havehas beentaught 現(xiàn)在完成時：havehas beentaught 歌訣是：被動語態(tài)be字變，過去分詞

3、跟后面。 三、被動語態(tài)的用法 (1)不知道或沒有必要說明動作的執(zhí)行者是誰。 例如： Some new computers were stolen last night. 一些新電腦在昨晚被盜了。(不知道電腦是誰偷的) This book was published in 1981.這本書出版于1981年。 (2)強調(diào)動作的承受者，而不強調(diào)動作的執(zhí)行者。 例如：the window was broken by Mike.窗戶是邁克打破的。 This book was written by him.這本書是他寫的。 Eight hours per day for sleep must be gua

4、ranteed.每天8小時睡眠必須得到保證。 歌訣：誰做的動作不知道，說出誰做的沒有必要； 動作承受者需強調(diào)，被動語態(tài)運用到。 四、主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)的方法 (1)把主動語態(tài)的賓語變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)的主語。 (2)把謂語變成被動結構(be過去分詞) (根據(jù)被動語態(tài)句子里的主語的人稱和數(shù)，以及原來主動語態(tài)句子中動詞的時態(tài)來決定be的形式)。 (3)把主動語態(tài)中的主語放在介詞by之后作賓語，將主格改為賓格。例如： We Visited that factory last summer 主動語態(tài)主語 謂語 賓語 狀語That factory was visited by us last summer 被動

5、語態(tài) 主語 謂語 賓語 狀語 歌訣是：賓變主，主變賓，by字短語后面跟。 謂語動詞變被動，be后“過分”來使用。 五、被動語態(tài)的特殊結構： 1、 含有情態(tài)動詞的主動句變成被動句時，由“情態(tài)動詞be過去分詞”構成，原來帶to的情態(tài)動詞變成被動語態(tài)后“to”仍要保留。 歌訣是：情態(tài)動詞變動，情態(tài)加be加“過分”，原來帶to要保留。例如： We can repair this watch in two days. This watch can be repaired in two days.2、 有些動詞可以有兩個賓語，在用于被動結構時，可以把主動結構中的一個賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z，另一賓語仍然保留在謂語后面

6、。通常變?yōu)橹髡Z的是間接賓語。例His mother gave him a present for his birthday. 可改為 He was given a present by his mother for his birthday. 口訣：如遇雙賓語，最好變間賓。 如若變直賓，be done后加to(或for) 3、在使役動詞have, make, get以及感官動詞see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe等后面不定式作賓語補語時，在主動結構中不定式to要省略，但變?yōu)楸粍咏Y構時，要加to。例Someone saw a stranger walk

7、into the building. 可改為A stranger was seen to walk into the building.口訣：感使動詞真叫怪，to來to去記心懷，主動語態(tài)to離去，被動語態(tài)to回來。4、 有些相當于及物動詞的動詞詞組，如“動詞介詞”，“動詞副詞”等，也可以用于被動結構，但要把它們看作一個整體，不能分開。其中的介詞或副詞也不能省略。例The meeting is to be put off till Friday.5、在need，want，require, bear等詞的后面，動名詞用主動形式表示被動意義，其含義相當于動詞不定式的被動形式。例The house n

8、eeds repairing（to be repaired）這房子需要修理。被 動 語 態(tài) 練 習 題 ( ) 1 The People's Republic of China _ on October 1, 1949.A. found B. was founded C. is founded D. was found( ) 2 English _ in Canada.A. speaks B. are spoken C. is speaking D. is spoken( )3 This English song_ by the girls after class.A. often s

9、ings B. often sang C. is often sang D. is often sung( ) 4 This kind of car _ in Japan.A, makes B. made C. is making D. is made( ) 5 New computers _ all over the world.A. is used B. are using C. are used D. have used( ) 6 Our room must _ clean.A. keep B. be kept C. to be kept D. to keep( ) 7 -I'd

10、 like to buy that coat.-I'm sorry. _. A. it sold B. it's selling C. It's been sold D. it had been sold( )8A new house _ at the corner of the road.A. is building B. is being built C. been built D. be building( ) 9 The key _ on the table when I leave.A. was left B. will be left C. is left

11、D. has been left( ) 10 Doctors _ in every part of the world.A. need B. are needing C. are needed D. will need( )11 His new book_ next month.A.will be publishedB. is publishing C. is being publishedD. has been published( ) 12 Japanese _ in every country.A. is not spoken B. are spoken C. is speaking D

12、. is not speaking( ) 13 These papers_yet.A.have not written B. have not been writtenC. has not written D. has not been written( ) 14 The sports meet _ be held until next week.A. didn't B. won't C. isn't D. doesn't( ) 15 -My shoes are worn out.A. Can't they be mended? B. Let me ha

13、ve a look at it.C. How much do they cost? D. Can't they mended?( ) 16 _ the watch been repaired yet? I badly need it.A. Does B. Has C. Is D. Are( ) 17_ these desks be needed?A. Will B. Are C. Has D. Do( ) 18 Why _ to talk about it yesterday?A. didn't a meeting hold B. wasn't a meeting he

14、ldC. wasn't held a meeting D. a meeting wasn't held( ) 19 Who was the book_?A. write B. wrote C. written D. written by( ) 20 Where _ these boxesA. was B. were C. is D. am( )21 The flowers_often.A. must be water B. must be watered C. must watered D. must water( ) 22 The books may_ for two wee

15、ks.A. be kept B. be borrowed C. keep D. borrow( ) 23 The broken bike_ here by Mr Smith.A. can mend B. can mended C. can be mend D. can be mended( ) 24 The old bridge in my hometown_ next month.A.is going to be rebuilt B. will rebuiltC. are going to be rebuilt D. are going to rebuilt( ) 25 The play _

16、 at the theatre next Sunday.A. is going to be shown B. will shownC. will show D. is shown( ) 26 The old stone bridge _ next week.A.is going to be rebuilt B. will be rebuildC. are going to be rebuilt D. will rebuild( )27Now these magazines_ in the library for a long time.A. have kept B. are keeping C

17、. have been keeping D. have been kept( ) 28The pot _ for _ hot water.A.used; keeping B. was used; keepingC. is used; to keep D. are used; keep( )29Tea _ in the south of China.A. grows B. is grown C. were grown D. will grow( ) 30 The bridges_ two years ago.A. is built B. built C. were built D. was bu

18、ilt( ) 31 Wet clothes are often _ up near a fire in rainy weather.A. hang B. hanged C. hanging D. hung( )32 The river smells terrible. People must _ dirty things into it.A. be stopped to throw B. be stopped from throwingC. stop to throw D. stop from throwing( ) 33 The teapot _ water.A. is filled wit

19、h B. filled of C. fulling of D. filled( ) 34Old people must be looked after well and _ politely.A. speak to B. spoken C. speak D. spoken to( ) 35 Old people must _.A. look after well B. be looked well afterC. looked well after D. be looked after well( ) 36 Newly-born babies_in hospital.A. are taken

20、good care B. are taken good care ofC. take good care of D. take good care( )37 They were_ at the sudden noise.A. frightening B. frightened C. frighten D. frightens( ) 38These walls_stone.A.are made ofB. made of C. are made intoD. made into( ) 39 Jane _ to sing us an American song last Saturday.A. ca

21、lled B. was asked C. told D. was said( )40 The papers _ to them.A. were shown B. show C. shown / D. have shown( ) 41 The coat_her sister.A. made to B. were made for C. was made for D. was made to( ) 42 I_ five minutes to decide whether I should go or not.A. gave B. was giving C. had given D. was giv

22、en( ) 43 Good care_such things.A.should take of B. should be takenC. should be taking D. should be taken of( ) 44She will_good care_.A. take; of B. be taken; of C. take; for you D. be taken; of you( )45The teacher made him_ his homework.A. to do B. do C. did D. done( ) 46 The boy_ streets without pa

23、y in the old days.A. was made to clean B. made clean C. made to clean D. was made clean( ) 47 These children_dance.A. were seen to B. were seen for C. were seen D. saw to( ) 48 Thesestones_well.A. are fitted B. fit C. fits D. is fitted( )49 The bike _ 500 yuan.A. was cost B. costed C. cost D. is cos

24、ted( )50 The important meeting _ on a cold morning last year.A. was had B. was held C. held D. had( ) 51 Great changes_ in the past ten years in China.A. took place B. have taken place C. were taking place D. hadtaken place( ) 52 You can't use the computer, it_.A. was broken down B. is wrong C. is bad D