高一英語閱讀理解試題經(jīng)典及解析

1、一、高中英語閱讀理解1 .閱讀理解“Years ago when I was at the Grand Canyon, I remembered someone coming up to the canyon's edge, taking a shot with a camera and then walking awayz like 'got it - done1, barely even glancing at the magnificent scene in front of him/ Linda Henkel, a scientist at Fairfield Univ

2、ersity, US told Live Science.Henkel was surprised by how obsessed (癡迷的)people are with taking pictures these days - before dinner, during friends1 birthday parties, on museum tours and so on.They keep taking pictures because they think that it helps record the moment, but as HenkePs latest study has

3、 just found out, this obsession may prevent their brains remembering what actually happened, reported The Guardian.In her study, Henkel led a group of college students around a museum and asked them to simply observe 15 objects and photograph 15 others. The next day the students1 memory of the tour

4、was tested, and the results showed that they were less accurate in recognizing the objects and they remembered fewer details about them if they photographed them.HWhen people rely on technology to remember them counting on the camera to record the event and thus not needing to attend to it fully the

5、mselves, it can have a negative impact on how well they remember their experiences/ Henkel explained.But there is also an exception: if students zoomed in to photograph part of an object, their memory actually improved, and those who focused the lens (鏡頭)on a specific area could even recall parts th

6、at weren't in the frame.So basically, this study is saying that constantly taking pictures can harm your memory. But shouldn't reviewing pictures we have taken help wake up our memories This is true, but only if we spend enough time doing it.“In order to remember; we have to access and inter

7、act with the photos, rather than just collect them/ Henkel told The Telegraph. However, previous research has shown that most people never take the time to look over their digital pictures simply because there are too many of them and they aren't usually very organized on their computers.(1) Why

8、 did the author mention Henkel's trip to the Grand Canyon at the beginningA. To complain about some tourists' bad habits. B. To give suggestions on how to enjoy one's tour.C. To point out people's obsession with taking pictures. D. To describe the beautiful view of the Grand Canyon.(

9、2) What can we learn from HenkeTs studyA. Reviewing pictures always helps people bring back memories easily. B. Taking pictures in a museum tour helps students recognize objects better.C. People should spend more time taking pictures than studying real objects. D. Pictures focusing on the details of

10、 objects probably improve people's memories.(3) The underlined word "it" in Paragraph 5 probably refers to ""A. the cameraB. technologyC. the eventD. an object(4) What is the article mainly aboutA. People's obsession with taking pictures and its influence. B. Possible way

11、s of using pictures to improve one*s memory.C. Great harm to memory caused by taking pictures constantly. D. A believable study into the negative impact of lining cameras often.【答案】(I) c(2) D(3) C(4) A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇議論文，人們都有拍照的喜好，拍照有助于我們記憶。但是 如果我們只是簡單地記錄下來，而不去欣賞的話，也就沒有什么意義，還不如不去拍照。(1)考查細節(jié)理解©根據(jù)第二段

12、中的"Henkel was surprised by how obsessed (著迷的)people are with taking pictures these days - before dinner; during friends birthday parties, on museum tours and so on.”可知，在文中提到Henkel對人們執(zhí)迷于拍照的驚訝，以此來說明一種現(xiàn) 象：人們執(zhí)迷于拍照的現(xiàn)象。故選C。(2)考查細 1T理解。根據(jù)第四段中的“But there is also an exception: if students zoomed (縮放)in

13、to photograph part of an object, their memory actually improved”可知,在拍照時,如果只關(guān) 注某個細節(jié)，可能有助于他們記憶的提高。故選D?？疾樵~義猜測。根據(jù)第五段中的"When people rely on technology to remember them 一 counting on the camera to record the event and thus not needing to attend to it fully themselves前面說人們要依靠技術(shù)來記住它們時，要依靠照相機來記錄事件，那么就完全

14、 不需要關(guān)注這個事件了?？芍?，本句是說如果你要用相機來記錄事件，就不需要來關(guān)注這 個它(事件)。故選C?？疾橹髦即笠?。通讀全文可知，本文主要敘述現(xiàn)代人癡迷于拍照，是因為拍照有助于記 錄某一時刻，但不利于他們的記憶。如果放大拍攝對象或拍下來后再欣賞的話就有助于記 憶或回憶。即本文主要介紹癡迷拍照及其影響。故選A.【點評】本題考點涉及細行理解，詞義猜測和主旨大意三個題型的考查，是一篇生活類閱 讀，考生需要準確掌握細1”言息，并根據(jù)上下文進行邏輯推理，概括和歸納，選出正確答 案。2.閱讀理解Parents may think they're smart about where they st

15、ore medicines, but their kids are smarter. Nearly 60,000 young children are rushed to the hospital every year after getting into medicines not meant for them, according to a new report from Safe Kids Worldwide.The report finds little connection between what parents know about storing medicines safel

16、y and what they actually do. Nine out of 10 parents know that medicines should be stored up and away out of reach and sight, but 7 out of 10 of them admit not doing that. They leave medicines out on kitchen counters, sinks and sofas, believing babies and toddlers(學(xué)步者)aren't tall enough or strong

17、 enough to reach them. Unfortunately, they probably can. Children as young as a month have ended up in an emergency department because they'd been poisoned by getting into a medicine that was left within reach.Most poisonings related to medicines-particularly among babies and toddlers-occur with

18、in their home. Kids develop rapidly and they want to explore their environment. At certain ages they have a lot of hand-to-mouth activity, and so it*s very common for them to explore their environment and then try to taste what they find.The new Safe Kids worldwide report includes a survey of 2,000

19、parents with children under age 6. While the number of children visiting an emergency department for accidental poisonings had declined since the 2010 maximum, the decline has slowed in recent years.Prescription and over-the-counter medicines cause the most severe poisonings, but vitamins and supple

20、ments(補充品)can also cause problems. There are steps families can take to lower the risk for an accidental medicine poisoning.(1) Why are children poisoned according to the textA. Some of the medicines at home taste nice.B. There is something poisonous in medicines.C. Kids have easy access to medicine

21、s at home.D. Kids are curious to explore the environment(2) What can we learn from the textA. Vitamins and supplements can do good to kids.B. The team made a survey of 2,000 kids under age 6.C. 600 parents surveyed could keep medicines properly.D. Kids are usually smart at storing medicines at home.

22、(3) What could be the best title for the textA. Parents1 Casual Behavior Leads to Kids PoisonedB. The Number of Kids Poisoned Has Declined LatelyC. Nearly 60,000 Children Are Poisoned by MedicinesD. Kids Are Facing the Risk of Being Poisoned at Home【答案】(I) c(2) D(3) A【解析】【分析】本文是是一篇說明文，介紹了由于父母存放藥品不當(dāng)導(dǎo)

23、致孩子藥物中毒 的調(diào)查結(jié)果。(1)考查細節(jié)理解° 根據(jù)第三段中的"At certain ages they have a lot of hand-to-mouth activity, and so it*s very common for them to explore their environment and then try to taste what they find."在一定的年齡，他們有很多的手和嘴活動，所以他們很容易去探索他們的環(huán)境, 然后嘗試品嘗他們發(fā)現(xiàn)的東西在家里，他們很容易碰到藥品，故選C。(2)考查細節(jié)理解，根據(jù)第一段中的"Par

24、ents may think they1 re smart about where they store medicines, but their kids are smarter."父母可能會認為他們很聰明,他們在哪里儲存藥 品，但他們的孩子更聰明。故選D。(3 )考查主旨大意°根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中的"Most poisonings related to medicines- particularly among babies and toddlers-occur within their home."很多中毒事件是發(fā)生在家中 的，再根據(jù)文章大意，故選A。

25、【點評】本題考點涉及細fj理解和主旨大意兩個題型的考查，是一篇生活類閱讀，要求考 生準確掌握細節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進行概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。3.閱讀理解Can exercise during childhood protect you against memory loss many decades laterExercise early in life seems to have lifelong benefits for the brainjn rats at least."This is an animal study,but it shows that physica

26、l activity at a young age is very important 一 not just for physical development,but for the whole lifelong track of cognitive (認知的) development during ageing,usays Martin Wojtowicz of the University of Toronto,Canada."ln humans由 may delay the appearance of AlzheimeHs symptoms (阿茲海默氏癥),possibly

27、to the point of preventing them.1'Wojtowicz team divided 80 young male rats into two equal groups,and placed running wheels in the cages of one group for a period of six four months laterwhen the rats had reached middle agethe team taught all the rats to connect an electric shock with being in a

28、 specific placed in the box,they froze with fear.Two weeks laterzthe team tested the rats in three situations: exactly the same box in the same room,the same box with the room arranged differently,and a completely different box in a different room.The rats without access to a running wheel when they

29、 were young now froze the same percentage of times in each of these situations,suggesting they couldn't remember which one was those that had been able to run in their youth froze 40 to 50 percent less in both changed box settings.“The results suggest the amount of physical activity when we*re y

30、oung,at least for rats,has influence on brain and cognitive healthin the form of better memorieswhen we"re older/'says Arthur Kramer of Northeastern University in Boston,who has found thatjn humansxercise promotes the growth of new brain cells.(1) The study shows that.A. physical activity i

31、s important for physical health B. using the running wheels is of benefit to the rats1 growthC. physical activity can prevent human's AlzheimeHs symptoms D. the more exercise a rat has when young,the better memory it will possess when older(2) How are Paragraph 3 and 4 mainly developedA. By anal

32、yzing causes.B. By giving an example.C. By describing the process.D. By showing differences.(3) What does the underlined word "it" in Paragraph 2 refer toA. Exercise.B. Development.C. Benefit.D. Study.(4) What is the author's attitude towards the animal studyA. Negative.B. Objective.C.

33、 Critical.D. Doubtful.【答案】(1) D（2） C（3） A（4） B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，通過對實驗鼠的實驗，發(fā)現(xiàn)了動物在年輕時運動越 多，老年時的記憶力就越好。（1）考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的"Exercise early in life seems to have lifelong benefits for the brain, in rats at least.”可知，鍛煉對大腦終生有好處，至少對老鼠是這樣的。故選D。（2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段和第四段講述Wojtowicz的研究小組對老鼠進行試驗的過 程，因此通過描述過程發(fā)展的。故選C

34、.（3）考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)第二段介紹一項動物研究，具體的運動對身體的發(fā)育很重要，對 于人類，它可能會推遲阿茲海默氏癥的出現(xiàn)。因此it在句中指的是具體的身體活動，也就 是鍛煉。故選A。（4）考查觀點態(tài)度。根據(jù)短文中對這項老鼠實驗的過程及其結(jié)果的介紹，用數(shù)據(jù)表示，可 見作者對動物研究的態(tài)度是很客觀的。故選B?！军c評】本題考點涉及細行理解，詞義猜測，推理判斷和觀點態(tài)度四個題型的考查，是一 篇科普類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細方信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進行 分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。4.閱讀理解Do you have a spare room in your house W

35、hat about a driveway for your car Both of these can help you make money. Many people who are feeling the pinch are taking advantage of what's been called the “sharing economy”.Perhaps the best-known example of a company in this field is Airbnb-an American web business which allows you to rent ou

36、t your spare room to holidaymakers. It says it operates in 34,000 cities and it has over 1,500,000 seems to have concerned the market!A British company is doing something with parking spaces. JustPark's founder, Anthony Eskinazi, says/When I had the original idea, Ispotted a driveway close to a

37、sports stadium. It would have been so convenient if I could have just parked in that driveway rather than in commercial car park." And he has a big clientele （客戶）:around 20,000 people have advertised their spaces on the site, and he says around half a million drivers use it. There are other sit

38、es doing very similar things, like Uber and Lyft-these let drivers share their cars with other passengers. Any driver knows how valuable a place to park is .A church near Kings Cross in central London has apparently made over £200,000 by renting out space in its yard to travelers!Because this i

39、s a new business world, those rules aren*t there yet and many people are happy to share.as long as it pays!But the sharing economy has its critics: the competitors of these new companies. People who run things like traditional B&B, commercial car parks and taxi services are afraid of ending up o

40、ut of pocket. And there is another issue: regulations on these new business are unclear. How will renting out your driveway affect your neighbort 1） What does the underlined phrase "feeling the pinch" probably meanA. Lacking in moneyB. Full of curiosityC. Willing to help othersD. Unsatisfi

41、ed with their life(2) Who may be against the sharing economyA. A taxi driver who can't find a parking place B. A priest in the church near Kings CrossC. A traveller who needs accomodiation D. A well-known high-end holiday hotel(3) Why are many people pleased to share according to paragraph 4A. T

42、hey can gain huge profitsB. They needn't pay any feeC. There are few rules to limit themD. The new business has no risks(4) Which of the following words can best describe the booming businessA. Creative and developedB. Competitive but unpracticalC. Effective and worryingD. Traditional and accept

43、able【答案】(1) A(2) D(3) C(4) C【解析】【分析】本文是一片應(yīng)用文，介紹了一些能夠獲益的方法與例子.文中通過幾個 例子告訴我們只要能夠用心觀察每一處的機會，你就會成功從中獲益。(1)考查詞義猜測© 根據(jù)第一段中的"Both of these can help you make money”推出 feeling the pinch指的是那些缺錢的人出租自己的東西來獲取利潤。故選A.(2)考查細節(jié)理解。在第二和第三段舉了很多出租自己物品的例子，如：出租車司機，數(shù) 堂里的牧師，旅行者。一家住房率很高的知名酒店肯定不需要共享。故選D。(3)考查細節(jié)理解

44、6; 根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段"Because this is a new business world, those rules aren't there yet and many people are happy to share-as long as it pays!”這句話告訴我們這種共 享經(jīng)濟由于是新事物而且沒有規(guī)則約束，受到很多人的歡迎。故選C。(4)考查推理判斷。文章介紹里一種出租自己閑置物品的賺錢途徑即共享經(jīng)濟，可以帶來 利益，但在最后一段中的"regulations on these new businesses are unclear”對這個新行業(yè)的規(guī) 則

45、還不明確。所以確定答案為Effective but worrying。故選Cc【點評】本題考點涉及細行理解，詞義猜測和推理判斷三個題型的考查，是一篇介紹類閱 讀，考生需要準確掌握細節(jié)信息，根據(jù)上下文進行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。(5) 讀理解As kids, my friends and I spent a lot of time out in the woods. "The woods'1 was our part-time address, destination, purpose, and excuse. If I went to a friend's hou

46、se and found him not at home, his mother might say, “Oh, he's out in the woods/1 with a tone (語氣)of airy acceptance. It*s similar to the tone people sometimes use now a days to tell me that someone I'm looking for is on the golf course or at the gym, or even "away from his desk". F

47、or us ten-year-olds, Hbeing out in the woods" was just an excuse to do whatever we feel like for a while.We sometimes told ourselves that what we were doing in the woods was exploring (探索). Exploring was a more popular idea back then than it is today. History seemed to be mostly about explorers

48、. Our explorations, though seemed to have less system than the historic kind something usually came up along the way. Say we stayed in the woods, throwing rocks, shooting frogs, picking blackberries, digging in what we were briefly persuaded was an Indian burial mound.Often we got "lost11 and h

49、ad to climb a tree to find out where we were. If you read a story in which someone does that successfully, be skeptical; the topmost branches are usually too skinny to hold weight, and we could never climb high enough to see anything except other trees. There were four or five trees that we visited

50、regularly-tall beeches easy to climb and comfortable to sit in.It was in a tree, too, that our days of fooling around in the woods came to an end. By then some of us has reached seventh grade and had begun the rough ride of adolescence (青春期). In March, the month when we usually took to the woods aga

51、in after winter, two friends and I set out to go exploring. We climbed a tree, and all of a sudden it occurred to all three of us at the same time that we really were rather big to be up in a tree. Soon there would be the spring dances on Friday evenings in the high school cafeteria.(1) The author a

52、nd his friends were often out in the woods to.A. spend their free timeB. play golf and other sportsC. avoid doing their schoolworkD. keep away from their parents(2) What can we infer from Paragraph 2A. The activities in the woods were well planned. B. Human history is not the result of exploration.C

53、. Exploration should be a systematic activity. D. The author explored in the woods aimlessly (3) The underlined word "skeptical" in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to.A. calmB. doubtfulC. seriousD. optimistic(4) The reason why we visited the four or five trees regularly is the following

54、except that.A. they were tall beechesB. they were easy to climbC. they were not hi to climbD. they were comfortable to sit in(5) How does the author feel about his childhoodA. Happy but short.B. Lonely but memorable.C. Boring and meaningless.D. Long and unforgettable.【答案】(1)A(2) D(3) B(4) C(5) A【解析】

55、【分析】本文是一篇記敘文，小時侯玩耍的“樹林”對與作者和朋友們的意義。講 述了我們在“樹林”中所從事的活動一一探索，以及隨著年齡的增長，不再去那里的經(jīng)歷。(1)考查細節(jié)理解© 根據(jù)第一段中的"For us ten-year-olds, zzbeing out in the woods" was just an excuse to do whatever we feel like for a while.”可知，作者和朋友們經(jīng)常“去樹林中"是為了 度過他們的休閑時光。故選A。(2)考查推理判斷.根據(jù)第二段中的"Our explorations,

56、though seemed to have less system than the historic kind something usually came up along the way.”可知,但是我們的探索與歷 史上的相比不夠系統(tǒng)，有些東西通常都是在沿途中偶然出現(xiàn)的，因此推斷作者探索是無目 的的°故選D。(3)考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)第三段中的"the topmost branches are usually too skinny to hold weight, and we could never climb high enough to see anything e

57、xcept other trees.可知，最高的 樹枝通常太細以至于不能承重，所以我們從來不能爬到可以看到除了樹以外的其它事物。 因此推斷爬到樹上找出路是"不可信：懷疑的”的，與B項意義相近。故選B,(4)考查細節(jié)理解©根據(jù)第三段中的"There were four or five trees that we visited regularly- tall beeches easy to climb and comfortable to sit in.”可知，有四五棵樹是我們經(jīng)常去參觀的一 一它們由高大的樹枝，容易爬上去，坐在上面也很舒服。故選C。(5)考查推理判

58、斷。根據(jù)第一段中的"For us ten-year-olds, "being out in the woods" was just an excuse to do whatever we feel like for a while.'"可知，作者和小伙伴們在"樹林"里很快樂； 以及最后一段中的"We climbed a tree, and all of a sudden it occurred to all three of us at the same time that we really were rather

59、 big to be up in a tree. Soon there would be the spring dances on Friday evenings in the high school cafeteria.”可推斷在不知不覺間作者和小伙伴們都 已經(jīng)長大了，時光過的很快。所以作者對童年的感覺應(yīng)該是快樂的，短暫的，但又是難忘 的。故選A?！军c評】本題考點涉及細行理解，詞義猜測和推理判斷三個題型的考查，是一篇故事類閱 讀，要求考生準確捕捉細節(jié)信息，同時根據(jù)上下文進行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。(6) 讀理解Teens don't understand the big fuss

60、 (小題大做),As the first generation to grow up in a wired world they hardly know a time when computers weren't around, and they eagerly catch the chance to spend hours online, chatting with friends, so whatBut researchers nationwide are increasingly worried that teens are becoming isolated, less skillful at person-to-per son relationships, and perhaps num