2017人教版最新版新目標八年級英語下冊單元知識點歸納

1、新人教版八年級英語下冊知識點2017最新版wordUnit 1. whats the matter?一重點短語歸納1. foot-feet 腳 <復> tooth-teeth 牙齒 <復> 2. have a cold 感冒 3. have a stomachache 胃疼 4. have a sore back背疼5. have a sore throat喉嚨疼 6. have a fever發(fā)燒7. lie down and (have a)rest 躺下休息 have a rest 休

2、息8. hot tea with honey 加蜜的熱茶 9. see a dentist 看牙醫(yī) see a doctor 看醫(yī)生10.drink lots of water多喝水 11.lots of ,a lot of, 許多。大量a lot of=lots of，可以修飾可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)和不可數(shù)名詞，一般用在肯定句中。：There are lots of （ a lot of） books in our library. There is a lot of water on the ground a lot,是一個副詞詞組，跟動詞連用；表示十分，很等意思；&#

3、160; Thanks a lot.12. have a toothache牙疼 13. Thats a good idea好主意14. go to bed 去睡覺 go to bed early 早上床睡覺 15. feel well感到好   feel ill 感到不舒服I dont feel well= Im not feeling well 我感覺不舒服.16. start doing/ to do sth開始做某事（to do 是一件事情完成了，開始做另外一件事情doing是原來的那件事情做到一半，現(xiàn)在又開始做了，是同一件事情。）17

4、. two days ago兩天前 18. get some rest 多休息, 休息一會兒19. I think so我認為是這樣 20. be thirsty口渴    21. be hungry 饑餓22. be stressed out緊張 23. listen to music聽音樂24. healthy lifestyle健康的生活方式 25. traditional Chinese doctors傳統(tǒng)中醫(yī)26. need to do sth 需要做某事I have a toothache. I need to see a

5、 dentist.  我牙痛, 我需要去看牙醫(yī).We need to keep our classroom clean. 我們需要保持教室的干凈.27. too much + 不可數(shù)名詞   太多的  much too +形/副   實在太 極其，非常too many + 可數(shù)名詞復數(shù) 太多的28.be good for sth./ doing sth.對什么有益 ，對什么有好處be bad for sth./ doing sth.對什么有害be

6、 good to 對好be good at =do well in 在方面好，擅長be good(bad) for、be good at的相關用法1.be good for 對.有益Doing morning exercises is good for your health.做早操對你們的建康有益。2.be good at 擅長于.Li Ping is good at basketball.李平擅長于籃球。= Li Ping is good at playing basketball.李平擅長于打籃球。be good at = do well in 如

7、：I'm good at math. = I do well in math.我擅長于數(shù)學。3.be good to 對.好 Parents are always good to their children.父母親總是對他們的孩子好。29.get good grades 取得好成績   30.angry 用法 be angry with sb生某人的氣I was angry with him for keeping me waiting.我對他很生氣，因為他讓我等了好久。 be angry at/ about sth 就某事

8、生氣31.Its easy to do sth做某事是容易的。 Its important to do sth . 做某事很重要。32.balanced diet平衡飲食33.get tired 感到疲倦 be/get tired  34.stay healthy 保持健康 =keep healthy=keep in good health35.He shouldnt eat anything=He should eat nothing. 他不應當吃任何東西. 36.give sb some advice給某人建議give advice 提出建

9、議advice 是不可數(shù)名詞   a piece of advice 一則建議 take ones advice 采納或聽從某人的建議He gave me some good advice.他向我提了一些很好的意見。49.sleep 8 hours a night每晚睡眠八小時， get enough sleep 得到充足的睡眠50.take medicine 吃藥 服藥I have to take medicine three times a day for my cold.因為感冒，我不得不一天吃三次藥。二 固定結構Its +形容詞 + for sb

10、. + to do sth.做某事對某人來說是的。Its important to do sth .做某事很重要。Its important for me to eat a balanced diet. 平衡飲食對我來說是很重要的.Its easy to do sth做某事是容易的。Its easy for us to find out the answer.  找出答案對我們來說是容易的三重點句子1.Whats the matter ? Whats the mater with you ? 你怎么啦？ =Whats the trouble with y

11、ou?=Whats wrong with you? I have a cold / have a sore back / have a stomachache2.Thats too bad. You should / shouldnt      那太糟糕了. 你應該/不該You should lie down and rest / drink hot tea with honey / see a dentist / see a doctor . He shouldnt eat anything = He shoul

12、d eat nothing. 他不應當吃任何東西. 3.Im not felling well . 這里well表示身體狀況，不能用good代替I dont feel well= Im not feeling well 我感覺不舒服.4.When did it start ? About two days ago . 什么時候開始的？大約兩天前5.I hope you fell better soon . 我希望你很快好起來這里better是well的比較級10.Its easy to have a healthy lifestyle ,and its important to ea

13、t a balanced diet . 有一個健康的生活方式很容易，飲食平衡是很重要的。 Its easy to do sth . 做某事容易 / Its important to do sth . 做某事重要四知識結構.情態(tài)動詞should的用法should是情態(tài)動詞，它的基本用法是必須和其他動詞一起構成謂語。情態(tài)動詞沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，意為"應該."。should（應當，應該）用于所有人稱，表示勸告或建議。eg. You should wait a little more.你應該再多等一會兒。- I have a very bad cold.我感冒很厲害。- You s

14、hould lie down and have a rest.你應該躺下，多喝水。maybe與may be1.maybe是副詞，譯為“也許、可能”，相當于“perhaps”。如：Maybe he can answer the question.也許他能回答那個問題。He maybe is from the USA, too. 他可能也來自美國。2.may be中的may為情態(tài)動詞，譯為“可能是.”。如：He may be from the USA, too. 他可能也來自美國。She may be our English teacher.她可能是我們的英語老師 few、a few、l

15、ittle、a little的區(qū)別和聯(lián)系： 1.few / a few用來修飾可數(shù)名詞，few表示否定意義，沒有，幾乎沒有；a few表示有肯定意思， 有幾個。 例如： He has few friends here, he feels lonely. 他這里沒朋友，他感覺寂寞。 There are a few eggs in the basket.籃子里有幾個雞蛋。 2.little / a little用來修飾不可數(shù)名詞，little表示否定意思，沒有，幾乎沒有。 a little 表示肯定意思，有一點兒。 例如： There is little ink in my bottle, can

16、 you give me a little ink? 我的瓶子里沒有墨水了，你能給我點兒墨水嗎？ 3 notuntil  直到 (否定句) 才，動詞為短暫性或瞬間性動詞  She didnt leave until we came.He went shopping after he got up.  =He didnt go shopping until /before he got up.  until/till   直到··· （肯定句）動詞為延續(xù)性動詞 We stayed here till/unt

17、il 12 oclock.Unit 2 I'll help clean the city parks.一知識點： 短語動詞小結常見短語動詞結構有下面幾種： 1.動詞+副詞 如：give up 放棄 turn off 關掉 stay up 熬夜 這種結構有時相當于及物動詞，如果其賓語是代詞，就必須放在動詞和副詞之間，如果是名詞，則既可插在動詞和副詞之間，也可放在短語動詞后。2. 動詞+介詞 如：listen to 聽 look at 看 belong to 屬于 這種結構相當于及物動詞，后面跟賓語。3. 動詞+副詞+介詞 如：come up with 提出，想出 run out of 用

18、完，耗盡4. 動詞+名詞(介詞) 如：take part in參加 catch hold of 抓住1.cheer (sb.) up使(某人)高興、振作如：cheer me up 使我高興clean up 打掃 clean-up n. 打掃 2. homeless adj. 無家可歸的 a homeless boy 一個無家可歸的男孩home n. 家 4. sick adj. 生病的 作表語、定語 ill adj. 生病的 作表語 ，不能作定語5. volunteer to do v. 志愿效勞、主動貢獻 volunteer n. 志愿者 6. come up with 提出 想出 = th

19、ink up 想出 catch up with 趕上 追上7. put off doing 推遲做某事 put on 穿上 (指過程) put up 張貼8. write down 寫下 記下 9. call up 打電話 make a telephone call 打電話10. set up 成立 建立 The new hospital was set up in 2000. 這座醫(yī)院是在2000年成立的。11. each 每個 各自的 強調第一個人或事物的個別情況 常與of 連用 every 每個 每一個的 一切的 則有“全體”的意思不能與of 連用12. put to use 把 投入使

20、用，利用 They put the new machine to use. 他們把新機器投入使用13. help sb. (to) do 幫助某人做某事 help him (to) study help sb. with sth. 幫助某人做某事 help him with English help do 幫助做某事 help study 14. plan to do 計劃做某事 plan + 從句 I plan to go to Beijing. = I plan (that) I will go to Beijing. 我計劃去北京。15. spend doing 花費做 I spent

21、a day visiting Beijing. 我花了一天的時間去參觀北京。 spend on sth. 花費在 I spent 3 years on English. 16. join 參加 (指參加團體、組織) 如：join the Party 入黨 take part in 參加 (指參加活動) 如： take part in sports meeting 參加運動會17. run out 與 run out of run out (become used up). 其主語往往為物。如時間，食物，金錢，油等，本身就含有被動意義。 His money soon ran out. 他的錢很快

22、就花光了。 Our time is running out. 我們剩下的時間不多了。 run out of 主語為人，表示主動含義。 He is always running out of money before pay day. 他總是在發(fā)工資的日子還沒有到就把錢花完了。 兩者在一定條件下可以互換 如：The petrol is running out. 汽油快用完了= We are running out of petrol. 我們快把汽油用完了。 Our time is running out. 我們剩下的時間不多了。= We are running out of time18. ta

23、ke after (在外貌、性格等方面)與(父母等)相像 be similar to 與.相像 take after 相像 look after 照顧 take care of 照顧19. work out v. + adj. 結局，結果為 The strategies that he came up with worked out fine. 他提出的這個策略效果很好。 算出，制訂出，消耗完（精力等） He never seems to be worked out. 他好像永遠不會疲乏似的。 He worked out a plan. 他制訂了一個計劃。 I have worked out

24、our total expenses. 我已經(jīng)算出了我們總的費用。21. hang out 閑蕩 閑逛 I like to hang out at mall with my friends. 我喜歡和我的朋友一起去購物中心閑蕩。22. be able to do 能 會 be unable to do 不能 不會 23. thank you for doing 謝謝做某事 如： thank you for helping me 謝謝做幫助我24. for sure 確實如此，毫無疑問 You dont have money. Thats for sure. 你沒有錢，這是毫無疑問的。25. f

25、ill with 使充滿 用填充 She filled the bowl with water. 她用水填滿碗。26. hand out 分發(fā) hand out bananas give out 分發(fā) give out sth to sb. 分.給某人 give up doing 放棄 give up smoking 放棄吸煙 give away 贈送 捐贈 give away sth. to . give away money to kids give sb. sth. 給某人某東西 give me money 給我錢 give sth. to sb. 給某人某東西 give money t

26、o me 給我線27. help sb. out 幫助做事，解決難題(擺脫困境) I cant work out this math problem. Please help me out. 我不能算出這道數(shù)學問題，請你幫我解決。28. train n. 火車 train v. 訓練 train sb. to do. 訓練某人做某事 She trains her dog to fetch things. 她訓練她的狗去取東西。29. at once = right away 立刻 馬上 如： Do it at once. 馬上去做。 Ill go there at once/ right aw

27、ay. 我馬上去那里。30. one day 有一天 (指將來/過去) some day 有一天(指將來) 如： One day I went to Beijing. 有一天我去了北京。Some day Ill go to Beijing. 有一天我將去北京。34. disabled adj. 肢體有殘疾的 disable v. 不能36. volunteer 可數(shù)名詞 “志愿者” adj. 自愿的 vi. volunteer to do sthThey are the Chinese Peoples Volunteers. 他們是中國人民志愿軍。I volunteer to help you

28、. 我自愿幫助你。二句子1We cant put off making a plan. Clean-up Day is only two weeks from now. 我們不能推遲制訂計劃，清潔日離現(xiàn)在只有兩周了。2She puts this love to good use by working in the after-school care centre at her local elementary school. 她在當?shù)氐囊凰W的課后輔導中心工作，使這個愛好得到較好的利用3Not only do I feel good about helping other people, b

29、ut I get to spend time doing what I love to do. 幫助別人不但自己感到快樂，而且我開始花時間做自己喜歡做的事了。4The three students plan to set up a student volunteer project at heir school. 這三個學生計劃在他們校開展一個學生志愿者項目。5.He also put up some sign asking for old bikes.他還貼了一些需求舊自行車的告。6.The strategies that he came up with worked out fine. 幾

30、米想出的這個辦法很效。8We need to come up with a plan. 我們需要指定一個計劃。9You could help clean up the city parks. 你可以幫助打掃城市公園。10He now has sixteen bikes to fix up and give away to children who dont have bikes. 他現(xiàn)在有16輛要修理的自行車，并準備把這些修好的自行車贈送給那些沒有自行車的孩子。Unit 3 Could you please clean your room?一重要詞組及短語1. could you please

31、 do sth.? 你能嗎？/ 請你干好嗎？ 2. do the chores 做雜務3. do the dishes 洗餐具 4. sweep the floor 清掃地板 5. take out the trash 倒垃圾6. make one's bed 鋪床 7. fold one's clothes 疊衣服 8. clean the living room 清掃客廳9. stay out late 晚歸 10. come over 過來 11. have a test 考試12. get a ride 搭車 13. use one's computer 使用某

32、人的電腦14. hate sth. / hate to do sth. / hate doing sth. 討厭某事/做某事15. do the laundry = do some washing = wash clothes 洗衣服17. wash the car 刷車16. make breakfast / make dinner = do some cooking 做飯18. work on 從事，忙于   work at 學習、致力于、在上下工夫19. borrow some money 借一些錢    borrow sth. from sb.

33、向某人借某物(借入)    lend sb. sth.= lend sth. to sb. 借給某人某物(借出)    You can borrow some money from your brother. 你可以向你哥哥借些錢。    Can you lend me your bike? 你能借給我你的自行車嗎？20. invite sb. to do sth. 邀請某人做某事    They invited me to join their club. 他們邀

34、請我參加俱樂部。    invite sb to a place 邀請某人去某地    invite you to my party21. go to the store 去商店22. agree sb. to do sth. 同意某人做某事 agree with sb. 同意某人的意見    disagree sb. to do sth. 不同意某人做某事 disagree with sb. 不同意某人的意見23. take care of = look after 照顧、照看、照料 

35、;  take good care of = look after well 把照管得好26. take sb. for a walk 帶某人去散步27. play with sb. 和某人玩28. forget to do sth. 忘記去做某事(未做)   forget doing sth. 忘記做過某事(做過)（2）關于 to 的短語總結：   have to do sth. 不得不，必須做某事  need to do sth. 需要做某事   hate to do sth. 討厭做某事 

36、  like to do sth. 喜歡做某事   want to do sth. 想做某事  love to do sth. 熱愛做某事   forget to do sth. 忘記做某事  start to do sth. 開始做某事   begin to do sth. 開始做某事   ask sb to do sth. 請某人做某事二重點句型1. Could you please clean your room?   Yes, sure. / Sorry,

37、I can't. I have to do my homework first.2. Could I please use the car?   Sure. / Certainly. / Of course. / No, you can't. I have to go out.   在表示請求幫助或請求允許的疑問句中，常用 could 代替 can，以表示禮貌，委婉或不確定的語氣，而 can 則不具備這些語氣。這種情況下不能把 could 看作 can 的過去式。以上兩句中用 could 是為了表示禮貌的請求。表示請求

38、幫助或請求允許時，除了 can, could 之外，還可以用 may，句子的表達方式也各有不同，可以用不同的方式來表示同一個概念。例： Could / Can / May I use your car for a day?   作允答可以各種各樣：   如同意可以說 Yes，或 Sure 或 Certainly，還可說 Yes, (do) please. 或 Of course. (you may / can). 或 That's OK / all right.   如果不同意，可以說 I'm sorry you ca

39、n't. 或 I'm really sorry, but I have to use it today. 要避免說 No, you can't. 這樣顯得很不禮貌。否定回答通常用委婉語氣。Unit4.Why dont you talk to your parents?一、重點短語 1. have free time有空閑時間 2. allow sb. to do sth. 允許某人做某事3. hang out with sb. 與某人閑逛 4. after-school classes課外活動課5. get into a fight with sb. 與某人吵架/打架

40、6. until midnight直到半夜7. talk to sb. 與某人交談 8. too many太多9. study too much學得過多 10. get enough sleep有足夠的睡眠11. write sb. a letter給某人寫信12. call sb. up打電話給某人13. surprise sb. 令某人驚訝 14. look through翻看15. be angry with sb. 生某人的氣 16. a big deal重要的事17. work out成功地發(fā)展;解決 18. get on with和睦相處；關系良:19. fight a lot經(jīng)常

41、吵架/打架 20. hang over籠罩21. refuse to do sth. 拒絕做某事 22. offer to do sth. 主動提出做某事23. so that以便 24. mind sb. doing sth. 介意某人做某事25. all the time一直 26. in future今后27. make sb. angry使某人生氣 28. worry about sth. 擔心某事29. copy one s homework抄襲某人的作業(yè) 30. be oneself做自己31. family members 家庭成員 32. spend time alone獨自消

42、磨時光33. give sb. pressure給某人施壓 34. have a fight with sb. 與某人吵架35. compete with sb. 與某人競爭 36. free time activities業(yè)余活動37. get better grades取得更好的成績 38. give one s opinion提出某人的觀點39. learn exam skills學習應試技巧 40. practice sports體育訓練41. cause stress造成壓力 42. cut out刪除一. 重要詞匯和句型1. get ( 1 ) 買 get sth. for sb.

43、 = get sb. sth. 為某人買某物 Can you get some fruit for me when you go shopping ? = Can you get me some fruit when you go shopping ?( 2 ) 得到, 到達 Where did you get the book ? When did you get the letter ? He got home late last night .(3) 使, 讓 get + 賓語 + 賓補 使某人 某物 怎么樣 Please get you coat clean . Get your mo

44、uth closed . get sb. to do sth. 使某人 某物做某事 I got him to call Jim yesterday .(4) ( 逐漸) 變得The weather gets warmer and days get longer . Why did the teacher get angry ? 2. how about what about 后跟名詞 代詞 動詞ing形式。( 1) 向對方提出建議或請求 How about going out for a walk ?How about something to eat ? (2) 向對方征求意見或看法 How

45、 about the TV play ? How about buying the house now ?( 3 ) 詢問天氣或身體情況 How about the weather in Hainan Island ? How about your parents ? Are they living with you ?( 4 ) 談話中承接上下文 Im forty years old . How about you ? Im from Beijing . How about you ?3. receive 收到 The girl was happy to receive many gifts

46、 on her birthday . receive a letter from = get a letter from = heard from收到某人的信 I received a letter from my parents last Sunday . = I got a letter from my parents last Sunday .= I heard from my parents last Sunday . accept 接受 He couldnt accept our suggestions but our gifts . She was very glad to rec

47、eive the invitation . He didnt receive a good education at university . I received an invitation to the party , but I refused to accept it . 4. a 6-year old child 一個六歲的孩子6-year old 是由 “數(shù)詞 +名詞 + 形容詞 ” 構成的復合形容詞, 作前置定語, 修飾后面的名詞child . 數(shù)詞+名詞+形容詞 構成的復合形容詞，中間的名詞要用單數(shù)形式：a five-year-old girl 一個五歲的女孩 a two-me

48、ter-long ruler 一把兩米長的尺子 a ten-story-high building 一棟十層高的樓房 a two-inch-thick dictionary一本兩英寸厚的詞典5. too to 太 而不能 too 后跟形容詞或副詞原形, to 后跟動詞原形, 構成不定式. 句子的主語與動詞不定的主語不一時, 可以在動詞不定式前加邏輯主語for sb. He is too young to join the army ( 軍隊) . 他年紀太小，不能去參軍。 The math problem is too difficult for me to work out . 這道數(shù)學題對

49、我來說太難了，做不出。 too to 可以與 enough to 和 so that 轉換. 與enough to轉換 時, enough 前的形容詞, 副詞必須是too 后面形容詞, 副詞的反義詞, 并使用其否定句式. She is too young to do the work .= she isnt old enough to do the work . 與 so that 轉換時, that 后面的從句要用否定形式. Tom is too tired to walk any farther .= Tom is so tired that he cant walk any farthe

50、r .6. cost 1) 動詞 , 花費 價值 (多少錢 )How much did it cost ? 這花了多少錢？ I didnt buy it because it cost too much . 我沒有買，因為它太貴了。 The meal cost us about 100 yuan . 這頓飯花費了我大約100塊3.7. pay , spend , cost , take 的區(qū)別 pay 花費 ( 多少錢 ) , 主語是人. Sb. pay some money for sth.I paid 5000 yuan for the computer last week . 我上個星期

51、花了5000買電腦。 Spend 花費 ( 多少錢或時間 ),主語是人. Sb. spend some money on sth. Sb. spend some time ( in ) doing sth. I spent 5000 yuan on the computer last week . She spent 2 hours ( in ) doing her homework . 她花了2個小時做作業(yè)。 cost 花費 ( 多少錢 ) , 主語是物. Sth. cost sb. some money .This jacket cost him 200 dollars . 這件夾克衫花費

52、她200美元。 take 花費 (時間 ),主語為It It takes sb. some time to do sth .花費某人多少時間做某事How long does it take sb. to do sth ? 花費某人多少時間做某事?It took Liu Hong 2 hours to do her homework . 劉紅花了2個小時做作業(yè)。 8. sleep , sleeping, sleepy , asleep , fall asleep , be asleep sleep 動詞, 睡覺, 強調動作. I am very tired . I want to sleep .

53、 我很累，想睡覺。 sleeping , Sleep 的現(xiàn)在分詞, 表示 “ 正在睡覺” Dont make so much noise . The baby is sleeping . 不要這么吵，寶寶在睡覺。 sleepy 想睡覺的, 困倦的. I am a little sleepy. Id like to go to bed . 我有點困了，我想去床上睡覺了。 asleep 睡著了的. The teacher found Tom asleep in class and kept him behind after school .老師發(fā)現(xiàn)湯姆上課睡覺，放學后就把他留了下來。fall as

54、leep 強調從沒有睡著到睡著的過程, 不能接一段時間 I couldnt fall asleep until it was very late last night . 我昨天晚上到很晚才睡著。 be asleep 表示睡著后的狀態(tài) , “ 睡著了”, 可以接一段時間 . He was asleep for three hours . 他睡了3個小時。9. choose 動詞, “ 選擇,挑選 ” , 過去式chose, 過去分詞chosenchoose to do sth. 選擇做某事 We choose Mike as our leader ( 領導 ). 我們選擇邁克作為我們的領導。

55、Will you help me choose a dictionary ? 你會幫我選一本字典嗎？10. open ( 1 ) 動詞, 打開 , 開業(yè), 開張, 展現(xiàn)Would you mind opening the window ? 你介意我把窗戶打開嗎？ ( 2 ) 形容詞, be open 開著的, 開放的On weekends the swimming pool is open to the public . 在周末，這個游泳池是對公眾開放的。 close 動詞, 關閉, 關上 , 合上closed 形容詞, be closed 關著的, 關閉的11. rather than 而不

56、是 后面跟名詞, 代詞, 從句The color seems green rather than blue . 這種顏色看上去像綠色而不是藍色。We depend on you rather than on him . 我們依賴的是你父親而不是他。 prefer to do sth rather than do sth . 寧愿 , 也不 She preferred to stay at home rather than go with us . 她寧愿待在家里也不愿和我們一起去。12. instead (1) 位于句首, 表示 “ 反而, 相反” I didnt go to the cinema last night，instead, I watched a football match on TV.我昨天晚上沒有去看電影，反而是在家里看了場足球賽。 ( 2 ) 位于句尾, 表示 “ 作為代替, 而是”I dont like this one