初中英語(yǔ)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的句子練習(xí)題及答案

1、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)概述英語(yǔ)中有兩種語(yǔ)態(tài)：主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。如:ManypeoplespeakEnglish謂語(yǔ)：speak的動(dòng)作是由主語(yǔ)manypeople*執(zhí)行的。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者，即行為動(dòng)作的對(duì)象。所謂“被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，相當(dāng)于中文中常說(shuō)的“被、”由的句式，如：“他的自行車(chē)被偷了。，再如：Englishisspokenbymanypeopled語(yǔ)English是動(dòng)詞speak的承受者。判斷：看下面的兩個(gè)例句，你來(lái)判斷哪個(gè)是主動(dòng)哪個(gè)是被動(dòng)?Heopenedthedoo他開(kāi)了門(mén)。Thedoorwasopened被開(kāi)了。二、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成：be動(dòng)詞+Vp.p被

2、動(dòng)特點(diǎn)強(qiáng)調(diào)賓，用be加上過(guò)去分。行為對(duì)象作主語(yǔ)，邏輯主語(yǔ)by來(lái)引。1. EnglishisspeaBinCanada.2. TheblouseisCmakeofsilk.3. EnglishisspeaBbymanypeople.誰(shuí)做的動(dòng)作不知道，說(shuō)出誰(shuí)做的沒(méi)必要。動(dòng)作承受者需強(qiáng)調(diào)，用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)莫忘了jz*1.Somestampsweresteallastweek.2. ThePRCwasfoundonOctober1,1949.3. Footballisplayinmostmiddleschools.被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)須留意，P.P前面助動(dòng)be.be+P.Pamis,ard現(xiàn)在時(shí)，amis,ard+P.

3、Pwas和were表過(guò)去。waswere+P.P完成havehasbeenhavehas!been+P.P將來(lái)，情態(tài)，be原形。willcan,may,mustbe+P.P進(jìn)展時(shí)態(tài)兩個(gè)be,前表時(shí)態(tài)后加ing0amis,ard+being+P.P被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)由“助動(dòng)詞be+及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞構(gòu)成。人稱(chēng)、數(shù)和時(shí)態(tài)的變化是通過(guò)be的變化表現(xiàn)出來(lái)的。但凡漢語(yǔ)中帶“被的句子，都能轉(zhuǎn)換成英語(yǔ)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。三.幾種常用時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)一一1 .一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：am/is/are+過(guò)去分詞肯定何：Bikesaresellinthatshop.否認(rèn)旬：Bikesarenotsoldinthatshop.疑問(wèn)旬：Arebi

4、kessoldinthatshop"Yes,theyare./No,theyaren't.jz*2 .一般過(guò)去時(shí)：was/were+過(guò)去分詞肯定何：Hewassavdin1999.否認(rèn)何：Hewasnotsavedin1999.疑問(wèn)句：Washesavedin1999"Yes,hewas./No,hewasn't.3 .一般將來(lái)時(shí)：shall/will/begoingto+be+過(guò)去分詞肯定旬：AnEnglishclasswillbegivebyJacktomorrow.否認(rèn)旬：AnEnglishclasswillnotbegivenbyJacktomorr

5、ow.疑問(wèn)旬：W川anEnglishclassbegivenbyJacktomorrow"4 .現(xiàn)在進(jìn)展時(shí)：am/is/are+being+過(guò)去分詞肯定何：Acarisbeingfdrivenow.否認(rèn)旬：Acarisnotbeingdrivennow.疑問(wèn)旬：Isacarbeingdrivennow"Yes,itis./No,itisn't.5現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：have/has+been+M去分詞肯定旬：Aroadhasbeenbuildbythegovernment.否認(rèn)旬：Aroadhasn'tbeenbuiltbythegovernment.疑問(wèn)旬：Has

6、aroadbeenbuiltbythegovernment"Yes,ithas./No,ithasn't.6 .情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be+P.P1Thisclockcanbefrepairhere.jz*2Thetreesmaybeplantatothertimesoftheyear.3Thepositionmustbehandinafterclass.4Theyoungtreesshouldbeplantinspring.四、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法1不知道或沒(méi)有必要說(shuō)明動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者是誰(shuí)。例如:Somenewputersweresteallastnight.一些新電腦在昨晚被盜了。不

7、知道電腦是誰(shuí)偷的Thisbookwaspublishin1981.這本書(shū)出版于1981年。2強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者，而不強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。例如：ThewindowwasbreakbyMike.窗戶(hù)是邁克打破的。Thisbookwaswritebyhim.這本書(shū)是他寫(xiě)的。Eighthoursperdayforsleepmustbeguaranteed1大8小時(shí)睡眠必須得至U保證。jz*五、主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的方法1把主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)。2把謂語(yǔ)變成被動(dòng)構(gòu)造be+過(guò)去分詞根據(jù)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)句子里的主語(yǔ)的人稱(chēng)和數(shù)，以及原來(lái)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)句子中動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)來(lái)決定be的形式。3把主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中的主語(yǔ)放在介詞by之

8、后作賓語(yǔ)，將主格改為賓格。例如：I.Allthepeoplelaughathim.fHewaslaughatbyallpeople.2.Theymakethebikesinthefactory.fThebikesareCmakebytheminthefactory.六、補(bǔ)充一些賓補(bǔ)動(dòng)詞如make,see,hea等在主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中可以接動(dòng)詞原形實(shí)為省略to的動(dòng)詞不定式作為賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞在變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)是一定要注意恢復(fù)to。如：HemademestandoutsiderIwasmadetostandoutsidebyhim.Isawhimplayfootball.fHewasseentoplayfoot

9、balbyhim.專(zhuān)項(xiàng)練習(xí)一、選擇題()1.anewlibraryinourschoollastyear"A.Is;builtB.Was;builtC.Does;buildD.Did;buildjz*()2.Anaccidentonthisroadlastweek.A.hasbeenhappenedB.washappenedC.ishappenedD.happened()3.Cotton棉花inthesoutheastofChina.A.isgrownB.aregrownC.growsD.grow()4.AtalkonChinesehistoryintheschoolhallnext

10、week.A.isgivenB.hasbeengivenC.willbegivenD.gives()5.Howmanytreesthisyear"A.areplantedB.willplantC.havebeenplantedD.planted()6.Alotofthingsbypeopletosavethelittlegirlnow.A.aredoingB.arebeingdoneC.hasbeendoneD.willbedone()7.TheGreatWallallovertheworld.A.knowsB.knewC.isknownD.wasknown()8.Thechildr

11、enbythenurse.A.werelookedB.lookedafterC.werelookedafterD.looked()9.Hesomepiecesofadvice,buthetothem.A.gave,didn'tlistenB.wasgiven,wasn'tlistenedC.give,wasn'tlistenedD.wasgiven,didn'tlisten()10.Thequestionbyussoon.A.isgoingtodiscussB.willdiscussC.isgoingtobediscussedD.hasbeendiscussed

12、jz*()11.Thelababoutfiveyearsago.A.wasbuiltB.wasbuiltC.buildsD.hasbeenbuilt()12.Alotoftallbuildingsinhishometowninthelastthreeyears.A.havesetupB.havebeensetupC.weresetupD.setup()13.Theyprinting500copiesbytheendoflastmonth.A.hadfinishedB.havefinishedC.hadbeenfinishedD.havebeenfinished()14.Ricealsointh

13、eirhometown.A.isgrownB.isgrewC.wasgrewD.wasgrown()15.Hebytheteachers.A.isalwayspraisedB.praisesC.havebeenpraisedD.alwaysispraised()16.ThepictureinOctober,1996.A.wastakingB.hadbeentakenC.wastakenD.hadtaken()17.Wecan'tusethebridgenow,becauseit.A.hasbeenrepairedB.isrepairingC.isrepairedD.isbeingrep

14、aired()18.Ithewaytotherailwaystationbyapoliceman.A.wasshownB.showedC.haveshownD.wasshowing()19.Thewarin1941.A.brokeoutB.hadbeenbrokenoutC.wasbrokenoutD.hadbrokenoutjz*()20.Whenwater,itwillbechangedintovapour.A.isheatedB.heatingC.hasheatedD.heats()21.Wecan'tentertheroombecauseitsdoor.A.lockedB.lo

15、cksC.islockedD.islocking()22.Theydayandnight.A.aremadeworkB.aremadetoworkC.madetobeworkedD.aremakingtowork()23.Man-madesatellitesintospacebymanycountries.A.wassentupB.issentupC.havebeensentupD.hasbeensentup()24.ThisEnglishsongoftenbythechildren.A.is,singingB.is,sungC.will,singD.was,sung()25.Thewindo

16、wsofourhouseonceaweek.A.mustcleanB.havecleanedC.iscleanedD.arecleaned()26.WhenthePeople'sRepublicofChina"A.was,foundB.was,foundedC.did,foundD.does,found()27.Mary'sradiobymybrotherjustnow.A.willbemendedB.hasmendedC.wasmendedD.mended()28.Sometreesmayatothertimesoftheyear.A.beplantedB.plan

17、tC.areplantedD.willbeplantedjz*()29.AnewEnglishplaytherenextweek.A.willputonB.willbeputonC.isgoingtoputonD.willbeputtedon()30.Astrangethinginourschoolyesterday.A.washappenedB.hasbeenhappenedC.happenedD.wasgoingtohappen()31.Theglass.ItbylittleTomthismorning.A.broke,isbrokenB.isbroken,wasbrokenC.wasbr

18、oken,brokeD.hasbeenbroken,broken二、用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空。(請(qǐng)注意時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)兩個(gè)方面噢)1.1 t'ssaid俯說(shuō))thatthelongbridgebuildintwomonths.2. Wheretohavethemeetingdiscussnow.3. Whichlanguagethemostwidelyspeak!intheworld?4. Thelostboynotfindsofar.5. Lastyearalargenumberoftreescutdown.6. Vegetables,eggsandfruits(sell)inthi

19、sshop.7. Whatknives(make)of"8. They(make)ofmetal(屬)andwood.9. Canthemagazine(take)outofthelibrary"10. Theroom(clean)bymeeveryday.11. Thestarscan't(see)inthedaytime.jz*12. Howlongyouruncle(be)inthecity13. Thefood(smell)delicious.14. Look!Someone(dance).三、按要求改寫(xiě)以下句子，一空一詞。1. TeagrowsinSouthChina改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài).2. Thechildrenwillsingan