初中主謂一致講解練習(xí)

1、主謂一致的用法及專項練習(xí)題一、主謂一致三原則主謂一致是指謂語動詞與主語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致，主謂一致必須遵循三原則：語法一致原則，意義一致原則，就近一致原則。1.語法一致原則：指主語是單數(shù)形式，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式，主語是復(fù)數(shù)形式，謂語也用復(fù)數(shù)形式。Tomisagoodstudent.湯姆是個好學(xué)生。Theyoftenplayfootballontheplayground.他們經(jīng)常在操場上踢足球。2.意義一致：指主語形式上為單數(shù)，但意義為復(fù)數(shù)，因此謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；或主語形式上為復(fù)數(shù)，但表示單數(shù)意義，這是謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。Myfamilyarehavinglunchnow.我們一家人現(xiàn)在正吃

2、午飯。Twentydollarsistooexpensiveforthebook.這本書20美元太貴了。3.就近一致：指謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式還是用復(fù)數(shù)形式，取決于最靠近他的主語。例如：Notonlytheteacherbutalsohisstudentslikeplayingfootball.不僅老師喜歡踢足球，而且他的學(xué)生也喜歡踢足球。Thereisapenandsomebooksonthedesk.課桌上有一支鋼筆和一些書。二、主謂一致?？碱}型1.單數(shù)名詞（代詞），不可數(shù)名詞作主語時，謂語用單數(shù)形式，復(fù)數(shù)名詞（代詞）作主語，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)形式。ThedeskisToms.這張桌子是湯姆的。Som

3、ewaterisinthebottle.一些水在瓶子里。Thestudentsareplayingfootballontheplayground.這些學(xué)生正在操場上踢足球。2.manya+單數(shù)名詞作主語，意義雖為“許多”，但謂語要用單數(shù)形式。ManyastudenthasbeentoShanghai.許多學(xué)生到過上海。3.morethanone+單數(shù)名詞作主語，謂語用單數(shù)。MorethanonestudenthaseverbeentoBeijing.不止一個學(xué)生曾經(jīng)去過北京。4.表示時間，價格，重量，數(shù)目，長度，數(shù)學(xué)運算等的詞或短語作主語時，這些通常作一個整體概念，謂語用單數(shù)形式。例如：Two

4、monthsisalongholiday.兩個月是一個長假。Twentypoundsisn'tsoheavy.20英鎊并不太重。Tenmilesisn'talongdistance.10英里并不是一段很長的距離。Fiveminusfourisone.5減4等于1。5 .主語是each/every+單數(shù)名詞+and（each/every）+單數(shù)名詞時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。Eachboyandeachgirlhasgotaseat.每個男孩和女孩者B有個座位。Everymanandeverywomanisatwork.每個男人和女人都在工作。6 .oneandahalf+復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語

5、，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。Oneandahalfhoursisenough.一個半小時足夠了。7 .動詞不定式，動名詞作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。Toseeistobelieve眼見為實。Doingeyeexercisesisgoodforyoureyes.做眼睛保健操對你的眼睛十分有益。8.a/an+單數(shù)名詞+ortwo作主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。Astudentortwohasfailedtheexam.一兩個學(xué)生考試不及格。9 .當主語音日分含有with,togetherwith,alongwith,aswellas,besides,except,but,like等介詞或介詞短語時，謂語動詞用

6、單數(shù)形式；但“名詞+aswellas+名詞”時，謂語動詞一般應(yīng)與第一個名詞一致。MikewithhisfatherhasbeentoEngland.邁克同他的父親去過英格蘭。Mike,likehisbrother,enjoysplayingfootball邁克像他的哥哥一樣喜歡踢足球。Thestudentsaswellastheteacherwerepresentatthemeeting.10 .由and連接的兩個單數(shù)名詞作主語時，一般用復(fù)數(shù)形式，但and所連接的并列主語是同一個人，事物,或概念時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。這兩種情況區(qū)分如下：a/the+單數(shù)名詞+and+單數(shù)名詞，指的是同一個人或物；

7、a/the+單數(shù)名詞+and+a/the+單數(shù)名詞，指兩個人或物。Thewriterandteacheriscoming.那位作家兼教師來了。（作家和教師指同一個人）Thewriterandtheteacherarecoming.作家和老師來了。（作家和老師是兩個人）11.people,police等集體名詞作主語，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式，family,class,group,team等集體名詞作主語，若指一個整體時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式，若指一個具體成員時，謂語動詞復(fù)數(shù)形式。Peoplehereareveryfriendly.這兒的人很友好。Hisfamilyisn'tlarge.他家的人

8、不多。MyfamilyalllikewatchingTV.我們一家人都喜歡看電視。12.不定代詞somebody,someone,something,anybody,anything,everybody,everyone,everything,nobody,noone,nothing作主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)，Iseveryoneheretoday.今天大家到齊了嗎？Somethingiswrongwithhim.他有毛病。Nobodywasin.沒有人在家。13 .each,either,neither,another,theother作主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。EachofthemhasanEng

9、lishdictionary.他們每人者B有一本英語詞典。Neitheransweriscorrect.兩個答案都不正確。14 .以一s結(jié)尾的名詞本身不表示復(fù)數(shù)意義，謂語通常用單數(shù)形式，如news,maths,physics等，Nonewsisgoodnews.沒有消息就是好消息。Mathsisverypopularinourclass在我們班數(shù)學(xué)很受歡迎。15 .由both,and,連接兩個單數(shù)名詞作主語時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；由or,either,or,neither,nor,notonly,butalso,not,but,連接兩個名詞或代詞作主語時，根據(jù)就近原則決定謂語動詞形式。Eith

10、ermywifeorIamgoing.Neitheryou,norI,noranyoneelseknowstheanswer.Notonlyyoubutalsoheisreadytoleave.如果either,each,neither作主語，則動詞為單數(shù)形式。Eachofushashislikesanddislikes.Neitherofthebooksisveryinteresting.16 .如果主語是由"aseriesof,akindof,aportionof+等+名詞”構(gòu)成時，動詞一般用單數(shù)形式，Aseriesofpre-recordedtapshasbeenprepare

11、dforlanguagelaboratoryuse.但avarietyof,anumberof+名詞復(fù)數(shù)，動詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式；.而thenumberof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞作主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。Onexhibitionthereareagreatvarietyofconsumergoods.Thenumberofthestudentsisovereighthoundred17 .以here,there開關(guān)的句子，若主語在兩個或兩個以上，謂語動詞通常與臨近的主語一致Thereisabookandthreepensonthedesk.Herearesomebooksandpaperforyou.18 .th

12、e+形容詞表示一類人時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式，表示抽象概念時，用單數(shù)形式.Thepoorareveryhappy,butthericharesad.Thebeautifullivesforever.美是永存的。三.肯定與否定一致下列形容詞、副詞、代詞從肯定句變成否定句時須作相應(yīng)的變化。We'vehadsome(money).fWehaven'thadany(money).IwastalkingtosomeonefIwasn'ttalkingtoanyone.Theysometimesvisitus.fTheyrarely(never,seldom)visitus.Heha

13、sarrivedalready.fHehasn'tarrivedyet.Liiscomingtoo.fLiisn'tcomingeither.Bothofusaregoing.fNeitherofusaregoing.Helikesbothofthem.fHedoesn'tlikeeitherofthem.注意：so/neither+助動詞+名詞/代詞結(jié)構(gòu)中須用倒裝語序。MywifelikeclassicmusicverymuchandsodoI.Shedoesn'tlikejazzandneitherdoI.主謂一致專項練習(xí)題1. EitherJaneorSt

14、evenwatchingTVnow.A.wereB.isC.wasD.are2. Twodaysenoughformetofinishthework,Ineedathirdday.A.isn'tB.isC.are'tD.are3. Howmanylessonsdoyouusuallyhaveraday?Sixlessonsaday.Andeachofthen45minutes.A.lastB.lastsC.haveD.are4. NeitherLipingnorIabasketballplayer.A.amB.isC.beD.are5. Theremanynewwordsinl

15、essonone,Itisveryeasy.A.isB.aren'tC.isn'tD.are6. Thenumberofthestudentsinourschool1200.A.isB.areC.hasD.have7. Mathsmyfavouritesubject.A.beB.isC.amD.are8. Theboywiththetwodogswhentheearthquakerockedthecity.A.weresleepingB.issleepingC.wassleepingD.areasle9. EveryoneexceptTomandJohntherewhenthe

16、meetingbegan.A.areB.isC.wereD.was10. Thatplaceisnotinterestingatall,ofuswantstogothere.A.NeitherB.BothC.AllD.Some11. NobodybutJanethesecret.A.knowB.knowsC.haveknowD.is12. -What'sontheplate?someeggsandcakesonit?Theresomeeggsandcakesonit.A.isB.areC.wasD.were13. Thispairofglassesmine.A.areB.beC.isD

17、.willbe14. BothLilyandLucytothepartyyesterday.A.invitedB.wasinvitedC.hadinvitedD.wereinvirted15. Twomonthsquitealongtime.Yes,I'mafraidthathewillmisslotsofhislessons.A.isB.areC.wasD.were16. Inthecitytheold.A.takegoodcareofB.aretakengoodcareofC.istakengoodcareofD.arebeentakengoodcareof17. Hisfamil

18、yallverykindandfriendly,Hisfamilyahappyone.A.are,isB.is,isC.are,areD.is,are18. ThesingerandthedancercometoBeijing.A.hasB.haveC.areD.is19. Thechildreninthisclasseachnewschoolbag.A.haveB.hasC.hasgotD.arehaving20. Allbutoneherejustnow.A.isB.wasC.hasbeenD.were21. IfBob'swifewon'tagreetogoonholid

19、ayinwinter,.A.neitherhewillB.neitherwon'theC.neitherwillheD.hewon'tneither22. Ihaven'tfinishedmyhomeworkedyet.A.sohasheB.NeitherhehasC.HehastooD.Hehasn'teither23. "I'mgoingtovisittheLuGouBridgetomorrow.":"A.IamsoB.SoamIC.SogoID.SoIgo24. Youaswellashetoblame(責備)fort

20、heaccident(交通事故).A.areB.isC.haveD.has25. NeithermywifenorImyselfabletoteachmydaughtertosingEnglishsongs.A.hasbeenB.isC.areD.am主謂一致練習(xí)題參考答案(1) .B(2).A(3).B(4).A(5).B(6).A(7).B(8).C(9) .D(10).A(11).B(12).B(13).C(14).D(15).A(16).B(17).A(18).B(19).A(20)D(21).C(22).D(23).B(24).A(25).D主謂一致練習(xí)題1. Theoldwelll

21、ookedafterbythegovernmentinChina.A.isB.areC.hasbeenD.was2. Thesecretaryandmanagerverybusynow.A.isB.areC.wasD.were3. Boththesecretaryandthemanageragreedtoattendthemeeting.A.hasB.haveC.areD.was4. Tomaswellastwoofhisclassmatesinvitedtotheparty.A.wasB.wereC.havebeenD.hadbeen5. EitheryouorIgoingtotheteac

22、hers,officeafterclass.A.amB.isC.areD.will6. Mostofhissparetimespentinreading.A.areB.wereC.wasD.havebeen7. Thisisoneofthebestnovelsthatappearedthisyear.A.havebeenB.hasC.hadbeenD.have8. Tenthousanddollarsquitealargesum.A.areB.isC.wereD.have9. About20percentoftheworkdoneyesterday.A.areB.isC.wereD.was10

23、. MrSmith,togetherwithhischildren,arrived.A.areB.hasC.isD.have11. ItIwholeavingforLondon.A.isisB.amisC.isamD.amam12. NotonlyTombutalsohiswifefondofwatchingtelevision.A.areB.wereC.beD.is13. Whenandwheretobuildthenewfactoryyet.A.isnotdecidedB.arenotdecidedC.hasnotdecidedD.havenotdecided14. Althoughthe

24、firstpartofthebookiseasy,therest.A. aredifficultB. hasproveddifficultC. issupposeddifficultD. havebeenfounddifficult15. Thattheywerewronginthesemattersnowcleartousall.A.isB.wasC.areD.were16. Halfofhisgoodsstolentheotherday.A.areB.wereC.isD.was17. Mathematicsthelanguageofscience.A.areB.aregoingtobeC.

25、isD.istobe18. EachofthestudentsaChinese-Englishdictionary.A.haveB.hasC.thereisD.thereare19. Theyeachabeautifulhandkerchief.A.haveB.hasC.thereisD.thereare20. Betweenthetworowsoftreestheteachingbuilding.A.standB.standsC.standingD.are21. ThispairofshoesmadeinNanjing.A.isB.areC.havebeenD.hadbeen22. Noon

26、eexceptmyparentsanythingaboutit.A.knowB.knowsC.isknowingD.haveknown23. Anumberofstudentsfromthesouth.A.areB.isC.haveD.has24. Thenumberofstudentsfromthenorthsmall.A.areB.isC.haveD.has25. WritingstoriesandarticleswhatIenjoymost,A.isB.areC.wasD.were26. HisSelectedPoems"firstpublishedin1965.A.wereB

27、.wasC.hasbeenD.are27. MissSmithisafriendof.A.Mary,smother&B.Mary,smotherC.Mother先ofMaryD.Marymother,s28. Agooddealofmoneyspentonbooks.A.haveB.hasC.havebeenD.hasbeen29. Onthewalltwolargeportraits.A.hangsB.hangC.hangedD.hanging30. turngreeninspring.A.LeafB.LeafsC.LeaveD.Leaves31. Fatherwenttohisdo

28、ctorforabouthishearttrouble.A.anadviceB.adviceC.advicesD.theadvices32. Allbutoneherejustnow.A.isB.wasC.hasbeenD.werefor33. Thenumberofpeopleinvitedfifty,butanumberofthemabsentdifferentreasons.A.were;wasB.was;wasC.was;wereD.were;were34. Theairinbigcitiesverydirtybyfactories.A.areoftenmadeB.isoftenmad

29、eC.haveoftenmadeD.hasoftenmade35. Nobodytosmokeinthecinema.A.allowsB.allowC.isallowedD.areallowed36. TheChinesepeoplehard-workingandbrave.A.areB.isC.hasbeenD.arebeing37. canbedonebeendone.A.All;haveB.Allthat;haveC.All;hasD.Allthat;has38. Johnhastwobrothers,buteitheroutofworknow.A.areB.isC.hasD.have3

30、9. Thepolicethemurderereverywherewhenhesuddenlyappearedinatheatre.A.issearchingforB.weresearchingforC.aresearchingforD.weresearching40. Applesofthiskind.A.tastesgoodB.tasteswellC.tastegoodD.tastewell41. Yourtrousersdirty,youmusthavewashed.A.is;itB.are;itC.are;themD.is;them42. Whererubbish,therearefl

31、ies.A.thereareB.thereisC.isD.therehas43. TheOlympicGamesheldeveryyears.A.is;fourB.are;fourC.is;fiveD.are;five44. Manyamancometohelpus.A.haveB.hasC.isD.are45. Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswhoelected.A.areB.haveC.hasD.is46. Three-fourthsofthehomeworktoday.A.hasfinishedB.hasbeenfinishedC.havefinishedD.ha

32、vebeenfinished47. Thosewhoincompositions,pleasehandtheminthisafternoon.A.hasn,thanded;hisB.haven登handed;theirC.hashanded;theirD.havehanded;his48. Janeisoneofthebeststudentsinherclasswhobytheirteacher.A.arepraisedB.ispraisedC.praisedD.praising49. Thewholeclasstheteacherattentively.A.arelisteningtoB.i

33、slisteningtoC.arelisteningD.islistening50. TheUnitedStatesofAmericaoneofthemostdevelopedcountriesintheworld.A.isB.areKEY:1-5BABAA16-20BCBAB31-35BDCBCC.was6-10CDBDB21-25ABABA36-40ADBBCD.were11-15CDABA26-30BADBD41-45CBBBD46-50BBAAA主謂一致專項練習(xí)一單項選擇：1. Eatingvegetablesgoodforourhealth.A.isB.areC.wereD.was2

34、. Morethanonepersonmadethesuggestion.A.wasB.hasC.wereD.have3. IthinkofthematerialsIlistenedtoatthebeginningoftheexameasy.A.twothirds;isB.secondthree;areC.twothirds;areD.twothird;are4. NeitheryounorLinHuatotheGreatWallbefore.A.hadbeenB.hasgoneC.hasbeenD.havebeen5. Thewriterandteachercomingnow.A.isB.a

35、reC.hasD.have6. SomethinggonewrongwithmyTVset.A.hasB.haveC.isD.are7. Nothingbutgrassandtreesthehill.A.coversB.coverC.coveringD.arecovering8. PhysicsmoreinterestingthanMaths,Ithink.A.areB.isC.wasD.were9. Eachstudentandeachteachertoseethefilm.A.goB.wishC.areD.wants10. EitherTomorItoblame.A.tobeB.amC.a

36、reD.is11. Thereadesk,twobedsandfourchairsintheroom.A.isB.areC.hasD.have12. Lucy,togetherwithhertwobrothers,oftentotheparkonSundays.A.goB.goesC.aregoingD.isgoing13. Thereapairofshoesonthefloor.Theshoesmine.A.are;isB.is;isC.is;areD.are;are14. Noneofthatmoneyonthetablemine.A.isB.areC.beenD.have15. Coul

37、dyougetmeapiano,Mum?Thereenoughroomforoneinourhome.A.isB.areC.isnZD.aren?t16. ThefamilyIamstayingwithveryfriendly.A.isB.areC.wasD.were17. OurteamtheWorldCup!A.haswonB.havewonC.arewonD.iswon18. Ourcountrygreatchangesinthelast30years.A.experienceB.experiencesC.hasexperiencedD.experiencing19. Thepolice

38、havingameetingintheirofficeattenyesterday.A.isB.areC.wasD.were20. Thenumberofpeopleinvited50,butanumberofthemabsentfordifferentreasons.A.were;wasB.was;wasC.was;wereD.were;were21. Alibrarywith5000bookstothenationasagift.A.isofferedB.hasofferedC.areofferedD.haveoffered22. ItoldhimwhatIwassurprisedhisa

39、ttitudetowardshisstudy.A.isB.wasC.atisD.atwas23. Onthewalltwolargeportraits俏像).A.hangsB.hangC.hangedD.arehung24. Allthatcanbedone.A.hasbeendoneB.hasdoneC.havedoneD.weredone25. Thesingerandthedancercometothemeeting.A.hasB.haveC.areD.is26. Ihavefinishedalargepartofthebook;therestmoredifficult.A.isB.areC.wasD.were27. Thewounded(方員)bythehospital.A.hastakeninB.hasbeentakeninC.havetakeninD.havebeentakenin28. Thefollowingsomeotherexamples.A.areB.isC.wasD.were29. Thewholeclasstheteacherattentively(真地).A.arelisteningB.islisteningtoC.arelisteningtoD.islistening30. Allpresentandallgoingonwell