說明文的概括

1、 如何概括：說明文的內(nèi)容要點一閱讀下面短文，然后以約30個詞概括該文的主要內(nèi)容。Eye care is an important factor in all of our lives. Without eyes, we seem to be able to do nothing. But, what can we do to take care of eyes? Firstly, we should eat healthy foods. Secondly, dont sit before a computer screen or TV for too long time and take re

2、gular rest at intervals（間隔） so that relax the eye muscles. Thirdly, having enough sleep is the best rest for eyes.Besides those notices, you should be aware of some threats to eyes in daily lives. Excessive exposure to bright sunlight is harmful to eyes, therefore, when going out, especially in summ

3、er time, put on a pair of qualified sunglasses; Stay away form smoking. Some ingredients in cigarettes are carcinogenesis(致癌的).Last but not the least, take regular medical examines to the check out potential eye disease and prevent its deterioration(退化). Eyes are the most important sense organs and

4、one should use proper eye care products to avoid further irritations(刺激性) and ensure longevity at ease._二 概括說明文的內(nèi)容要點： 篇章結(jié)構(gòu)法1. 說明文特點： 條理清楚，層次分明2. 說明文的文章結(jié)構(gòu)： 介紹對象（主題） + 支持說明3. 說明文概括方法：篇章結(jié)構(gòu)（1）. 找出介紹對象（找文章主題句:首段，尾段或文中的but, however 后） （2）. 找出支持說明 （注意連接詞 或 小結(jié)各段的主旨）4. 注意的問題： （1）. 第三人稱 （2）. 時態(tài)常用一般現(xiàn)在時. （ 介紹其歷

5、史時，要用一般過去時） （3）. 用近義詞替換原文詞句5. 概括說明文的內(nèi)容要點的三種模式 模式 1. “對象+性質(zhì)功用+利好” In the passage the writer introduces(對象)to us, especially its（性質(zhì)或功用）, from which we know（對象帶來的利好）。模式 2. “問題+解決方法” The passage tells us how to(問題), including（方法1），（方法2）and（方法3）.模式 3. “現(xiàn)象+原因+結(jié)果”The author said/talks about（現(xiàn)象）of, because/

6、（原因1） , and （原因2）, so/but （結(jié)果） 。三學(xué)以致用練習(xí)1 閱讀下面短文，然后以約30個詞概括該文的主要內(nèi)容。Imagine entering a very building and you have no idea how to get to the office you are looking for. But then, as youre standing there, a nearly silent balloon floats over to you and speaks to you. It asks you where you want to go. You

7、 tell it, and then it simply says “follow me” like a childs game, and begins to float off in the direction of you destination. It keeps going, as you follow, leading you to where you want to go.The guide works it self, without any help from any human being. It says hello to people as they arrive in

8、the building, speaks to them, processes their requests and then guides them to the destination.The balloon has two tiny fans to help keep it floating and to provide just a touch of lift. Onboard is a wireless receiver for receiving directions form a computer that directs the fans and sensors that le

9、t it know where objects are around it.The idea of such a simple robot is one that has been on the minds of scientists for years, and has been mentioned in novels many times. Today the iPhone does something similar but has to be connected to the Internet which is sometimes difficult. This is why this

10、 little balloon might be the wave of the future -because it is so much easier to follow.模式： 概括：_練習(xí)2 閱讀下面短文，然后以約30個詞概括該文的主要內(nèi)容。One of the most important things in the world is friendship. In order to have friends, you have to be a friend. But how can you be a good friend at school?Listen- Listen when

11、they are talking. Dont say anything unless they ask you a question. Sometimes its not necessary for you to have anything to say; they just need someone to talk to about their feelings.Help them- If your friend is ever in need of something, be there to help them. You should try to put them first, but

12、 make sure you dont do everything they want you to do. Try to take an extra pencil or pen with you to classes in case they forget one.Be there for them- Try to make something for your friend to help make them feel better in hard times. Making card and encouraging them are among the nicest things you

13、 can do for a friend. Always remember this! If you dont want to stay with your friends when they are in hard time, then you dont deserve to be with them when they are having a good time!Try to make plans with your friends- Go shopping, go for ice cream and so on. Take time to know each other even be

14、tter by doing something you both enjoy. By planning things together, you both can have a good time. And youll remember these things when youre all old!模式： 概括： _練習(xí)3 閱讀下面短文，然后以約30個詞概括該文的主要內(nèi)容。People are surrounded by the advertisements(ads) all the time. We can see advertisements here and there. TV, ra

15、dios, lifts, buses, newspaper, magazines, even the cars carry the information of the products or services to a wide audience. No wonder, newspapers are becoming heavier and heavier. Advertisements are delivered into your hands, your shopping bags, your mailbox, your house, etc. They are where you ar

16、e.The advertisements have brought great convenience to people. If someone wants the information of a product, he doesnt have to go in person to the shop. What he needs to do is to look at the ads which he can find everywhere. He can also compare the same some products of different brands so as to se

17、lect the one he likes best.Sometimes, however, some ads mislead the consumers, for they exaggerate(夸大) the benefits of their products. So far as the consumers are concerned, they had better have their own judgment and not be puzzled by ads so as not to fall victims to such ads.模式： 概括：_四隨堂檢測作業(yè)1 閱讀下面短

18、文，然后以月30個次概括該文的主要內(nèi)容。 Were surrounded by chemistry in everyday life, like when your science teacher does a big experience in class. Something as simple contains at least three chemicals, if not more, it is the mixture of them and its chemical reaction that keeps your teeth clean. Chemistry not only h

19、elps us make products for use, but it also helps us understand the world around us. Chemistry helps us understand what the ozone layer is and how it protects us. Chemistry also gives us sunscreen to protect us from the sun. Without chemistry, we wouldnt have fireworks displays on important days. Che

20、mistry plays a big role in food preparation. Cooking food causes it to go through a chemistry change. Baking is a great example of chemistry. Too much or too little of any ingredient makes a difference to the result of baking, for example, the dough which wont rise of the cake will be flat.Chemistry

21、 isnt something that just lives in a lab; its something that you meet hundreds of times every day. Knowing how chemistry works will give you a greater understanding of the science behind some of the simplest-looking things.模式： 概括：_作業(yè)2 閱讀下面短文，然后以月30個次概括該文的主要內(nèi)容。 Pets are popular. Theyre good listeners

22、, they encourage us to exercise, and theyre always on our side when we argue with others. They can bring people comfort and pleasure. But it is important to keep in mind that pets can carry disease that can make you sick. Washing your hands, including the fingernails often-especially after you touch

23、, feed, or clean up a petis the best way to keep yourself healthy and prevent the spread of disease. You also can protect your health by wearing gloves while cleaning animal cages or cat litter boxes. Be sure to bring your pet to the hospital for examinations every two weeks or month and whenever yo

24、ur pet is sick or injured. You can do a few other things to keep yourself and your pet healthy. Only give your pet food that has been planned ahead for them. Its not a good idea to share your food with you pet. Give them clean, fresh water to drink all the time. Its bad for your pets health to let p

25、ets drink from toilet. Finally, some animals arent pets. Dont take in a wild or abandoned animal as a pet because it may have diseases that could make you or your family sick. Instead, turn to an animal rescue group for help.模式： 概括：_作業(yè)3 閱讀下面短文，然后以月30個次概括該文的主要內(nèi)容。The first lesson of the New Term, a TV

26、 programme about how to protect oneself in times of emergency, is meant to provide school students with knowledge on self-protection. It will help students in case of natural disasters such an earthquakes, fires, snowstorms or foods. Many examples show that enough knowledge about self-protection alo

27、ng with enough courage and willpower can help many survive. The most recent example is from the earthquake in Sichuan Province in May of 2008. While thousands of school kids were killed by collapsed school buildings, all students from a middle school survived even without a single one being hurt. Thats because of their timely and orderly evacuations(撤離), which they had been drilled in every term. Its good to see this program the most important activ