初二英語(yǔ)下學(xué)期unit4

1、He said I was hardworking.Unit 4一 . 話題(Topic)Telling a story二 .重點(diǎn)詞組(KeyPhrases)first of allpass onbe supposed todo better inbe in good healthreport cardget overopen upcare for首先傳遞被期望或被要求. .在.方面做得更好身體健康成績(jī)單克服；恢復(fù)；原諒打開(kāi)照料；照顧have a party for sb.為某人舉行一次聚會(huì)be mad at sb三 .交際用語(yǔ)1. She said she was mad at Marcia

2、.2. Ben told Lana that Marcia was going to have a surprise party for her.3. He told me he wouldcall me tomorrow / the next day.4. She said she could speak three languages.5. He said he went to the beach every Saturday.四.重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)釋義(Language Points)1.I asked her why she wanted to do that, and she said tha

3、t she had forgotten to do hers.我問(wèn)她為什么要那么做，她說(shuō)她忘記做作業(yè)了。forget to do sth.忘記做某事(還沒(méi)有做)forget doing sth.忘記做過(guò)某事(已經(jīng)做過(guò)了)e.g.When you leave the classroom, dont forget to turn off the lights.離開(kāi)教室時(shí)，別忘記關(guān)燈。I forgot meeting him before. 我不記得以前見(jiàn)過(guò)他了。類似的還有：remember to do sth.remember doing sth.記得做某事 (還沒(méi)有做)記得做過(guò)某事 (已經(jīng)做過(guò)了

4、)e.g.“Remember to finish your homework on time, Li Ming”, his mother said.李明媽媽說(shuō)，“記得按時(shí)完成作業(yè)?！盜 remember telling this story for several times.我記得這個(gè)故事給你講過(guò)好幾次了。2. I said I didnt think it was a good idea for her to copy my homework.我說(shuō)，抄我的作業(yè)并不是什么好事。注意的 think 用法：如果 think 引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，其從句表示否定意思時(shí)，不是否定從句，而是否定主句。e.g

5、.翻譯下列句子：我認(rèn)為給你父親說(shuō)這件事的時(shí)機(jī)還不成熟。I dont think it is the right time for you to tell your father about that.我認(rèn)為他不是一個(gè)好演員。 I dont think he is a good actor.我認(rèn)為你說(shuō)的并不正確。I dont think you are right.3.Yesterday she told me she was sorry shed gotten mad.昨天她告訴我，她為自己當(dāng)時(shí)生氣而抱歉。4. Nowadays, many students prefer using Engl

6、ish names in a language classroom.如今，許多學(xué)生喜歡在上語(yǔ)言課的時(shí)候用英文名字。prefer 的用法：preferv.更喜歡；寧愿prefer sth. to sth.喜歡勝過(guò)prefer doing sth. to doing sth.prefer to do rather than doe.g.Do you prefer coffee or tea?He prefers talking to doing.喜歡而不喜歡寧愿而不愿你喜歡咖啡還是茶？他喜歡說(shuō)，卻不喜歡做。They prefer to die rather than surrender. 他們寧死

7、不屈。5. And for young people, having an English name is cool for them when they talk to theirforeign pen pals.而且對(duì)年輕人來(lái)說(shuō)，有了英文名字，和筆友交談時(shí)也很酷。having an English name 中 having 是動(dòng)詞 ing形式, 用來(lái)做主語(yǔ)。e.g.Getting up early every day is his good habit.Swimming is her favorite sport.每天早起是他的習(xí)慣。游泳是她最喜歡的運(yùn)動(dòng)。6. Learning Engl

8、ish and having English names are both popular in China.They are also important for Chinas contact with the world.學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)，而且有英文名字在中國(guó)很流行。這些對(duì)中國(guó)和世界的接觸也很重要。contact 的用法：n.contacte.g.be in contact with和.接觸， 有聯(lián)系They have been in contact with each other for five years.他們互相保持聯(lián)系已經(jīng)有五年了。She comes into contact with

9、many people.她和許多人有聯(lián)系。contactv.e.g.She contacted me as soon as she arrived.她一到就和我聯(lián)系了。7. On the other hand, some people who come to China choose Chinese names另一方面，一些人來(lái)到中國(guó)，也起了中文名字。on one handon the other hand一方面另一方面e.g.On one hand, he is a clever boy; on the other hand, he always makes his mother angry

10、.一方面，他是個(gè)聰明的孩子；可另一方面，他老惹母親生氣。五.語(yǔ)法知識(shí)1.直接引語(yǔ)（Direct Speech）是指原封不動(dòng)的引用原話，把它放在引號(hào)內(nèi)，例如：Mother told me, “You should finish your homework first, then you can go out andplay with your friends.”They said, “We want to have a rest.”間接引語(yǔ)（Reported Speech，又叫 Indirect Speech）即用自己的話加以轉(zhuǎn)述，被轉(zhuǎn)述的話不放在引號(hào)內(nèi)。上面兩個(gè)例句變成間接引語(yǔ)應(yīng)該是：Moth

11、er told me that I should finish my homework first and then I could go out and playwith my friends.They said they wanted to have a rest.2.當(dāng)我們把直接引語(yǔ)變成間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，由于引述動(dòng)詞（said，told 等）一般都是過(guò)去時(shí)形式，因此間接引語(yǔ)中的動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)、人稱代詞、限定詞、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)等一般都要做相應(yīng)的變化。有下面幾種情況：1）現(xiàn)在時(shí)間推移到過(guò)去時(shí)間所謂現(xiàn)在時(shí)間推移到過(guò)去時(shí)間指一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)變?yōu)橐话氵^(guò)去時(shí)，現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)變成過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)變成過(guò)去完成時(shí)。例

12、如：She said, “I am hungry.” She said (that) she was hungry.He said, “The family are fighting among themselves.” He said (that) the family were fighting among themselves.Tom said, “I have found whats wrong with the computer.” Tom said he had found what was wrong with the computer.在下列場(chǎng)合，盡管陳述動(dòng)詞為過(guò)去時(shí)形式，間接

13、引語(yǔ)中的動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)卻不必改變，即：a）當(dāng)引述的是客觀事實(shí)、科學(xué)真理、現(xiàn)在習(xí)慣工作以及格言等內(nèi)容時(shí)：He said, “The word laser is an acronym（首字母縮略詞）.” He said the word laser is an acronym.b）當(dāng)動(dòng)詞所表示的狀態(tài)或動(dòng)作在引述時(shí)仍在繼續(xù)時(shí)：“Im forty,” he said. He said he is forty.c）當(dāng)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞包含無(wú)過(guò)去時(shí)形式的情態(tài)助動(dòng)詞時(shí)：He said, “It must be pretty late. I really must go.” He said it must be pretty

14、 late, and he really must go.He said, “You mustnt smoke in the room.” He said I mustnt smoke in the room.2）過(guò)去時(shí)間推移到過(guò)去的過(guò)去這里需要注意以下幾點(diǎn)：a）當(dāng)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)先于引述動(dòng)詞時(shí)，一般過(guò)去時(shí)要變成過(guò)去完成體。例如：He said, “I didnt know you.” He said he hadnt known me.當(dāng)“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”已經(jīng)不言自明，或者通過(guò)其他詞匯手段予以體現(xiàn)，或者側(cè)重于強(qiáng)調(diào)所轉(zhuǎn)述的事實(shí)本身時(shí)，一般過(guò)去時(shí)形式可以不變。例如：Ann said, “She was

15、 born in 1981.”Ann said she was born in 1981.b）過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)可以變成過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)，也可以不變。例如：Robert said, “I was joking with Mary.” Robert said he had been joking with Mary.Robert said he was joking with Mary.c）過(guò)去完成時(shí)仍為過(guò)去完成時(shí)，不需改變。例如：He said, “We hadnt returned to the store when she came.” He said they hadnt returned to

16、the store when she came.d）時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)分句中的一般過(guò)去式或者過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)可以不變。例如：John said, “When I lived in London I often saw Jane.” John said when he lived in London he had often seen Jane.John said when he lived in London he often saw Jane.3）將來(lái)時(shí)間推移到過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)間最常見(jiàn)的是把表示將來(lái)時(shí)間的助動(dòng)詞由現(xiàn)在時(shí)形式變?yōu)檫^(guò)去時(shí)形式。例如：He said, “Were spending next weeken

17、d at home.” He said they were spending the next weekend at home.She said, “The milk will go off（變質(zhì)）if you dont drink it today.” She said the milk would go off if I didnt drink it that day.They said, “Were going to Hawaii this summer vacation.” They said they were going to Hawaii that summer vacation

18、.但是，在引述時(shí)，如果原話中的動(dòng)作或者狀態(tài)屬于尚未到來(lái)的將來(lái)時(shí)間，那么，可以不推移到過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)間。例如：He said, “Ill be waiting for you tomorrow.” He said he will be waiting for me tomorrow.4）人稱代詞、限定詞、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)的變化由上面的例子可以看出，當(dāng)直接引語(yǔ)變成間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，除動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)變化外，人稱代詞、限定詞、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)等通常也作相應(yīng)的變化。a）人稱代詞，除引述本人原話外，通常第一、二人稱變?yōu)榈谌朔Q，或者第二人稱變?yōu)榈谝蝗朔Q；限定詞也作相應(yīng)的變化。例如：He said, “We love

19、our country.” He said they love their county.b）指示代詞 this， these 分別變成 that/it，those/they或 them；指示限定詞 this， those通常變?yōu)?that，those 或 the。例如：“This house is very expensive,” she said. She said that house was very expensive.The children came back with two wallets and said, “We picked these up on thepavemen

20、t.” The children came back with two wallets and said they had picked them up on thepavement.c）時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)在間接引語(yǔ)中的變化有三種情況：i）時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)兩者都變。例如：He said, “It was completes a year ago.” He said it had been completed a year before.ii）時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)不變，動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)可變可不變。例如：She said, “ We left Paris at 8 a.m.” She said they had left Paris at 8 a.m.She said they left Paris at 8 a.m.iii）時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)變與不變需視具體情況而定，如果引述時(shí)間和說(shuō)話時(shí)間（如同一年、同一月、同一天等），時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)可不變。例如：Mr. Black said, “We started learning Chinese last month.” Mr. Black said they had started learning Chinese last month. （同一月引述） Mr. Black