《中國(guó)建筑的特征》導(dǎo)學(xué)案含參考答案

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6、miirh" t al membes expaid, aid mimci icet d e dic» e_iat hi eXe ids if impirat i Ha-esVas iimbes if pary m bes aid drs i i te cure if tw, shiiUd be中國(guó)建筑的特征導(dǎo)學(xué)案49.下列各句中加點(diǎn)的成語(yǔ)使用恰當(dāng)?shù)囊痪?是：A.天光很暗，那個(gè)人的笑容諱莫如深，如同罩 在一層霧里。B.他是個(gè)精瘦的中年人，說(shuō)話(huà)做事都揮灑自如， 給人一種非常干練的印象。C.罪犯的惡行使公安人員蕩氣回腸，他們下決心要抓獲并嚴(yán)懲這伙暴徒。D.有些人妄想通過(guò)散布聳人聽(tīng)

7、聞的謠言來(lái)達(dá)到其不可告人的目的，但最終只是招來(lái)嘲笑而已。57.下列各句中加點(diǎn)的成語(yǔ)使用恰當(dāng)?shù)囊痪?是：A.在黨和政府的關(guān)懷下，救災(zāi)物資絡(luò)繹不絕地 到達(dá)災(zāi)區(qū)，災(zāi)民們終于有了歡聲和笑語(yǔ)。B.神州號(hào)宇宙飛船在完成了飛行試驗(yàn)之后成功 著陸了，廣大科技工作者無(wú)不歡欣豉舞、彈冠相慶。C.新產(chǎn)品的試驗(yàn)已到了關(guān)鍵時(shí)刻，大家做好增 壓準(zhǔn)備，功敗垂成就在此一舉了。D.他在這千鈞一發(fā)之際，憑著三十年開(kāi)車(chē)的經(jīng) 驗(yàn)，果斷地采取制動(dòng)措施，避免了一場(chǎng)車(chē)禍。62.下列各句中，加點(diǎn)的成語(yǔ)使用最恰當(dāng)?shù)囊?句是：（2009山東卷）A.在某些傳染病暴發(fā)初期，醫(yī)學(xué)專(zhuān)家最感到左右為難.的是，如何判斷和預(yù)測(cè)疫情的規(guī)模和發(fā) 展趨勢(shì)，以便為公

8、共決策提體供更多的科學(xué)依據(jù)。B.大型實(shí)景舞劇長(zhǎng)恨歌的演員們充分利用 華清池的空間，以?xún)?yōu)美的舞姿把發(fā)生在一千多年前的愛(ài)情悲劇 演繹得動(dòng)人心弦.，幻若夢(mèng)境。C.再完美的機(jī)制由得靠人去操作，一旦機(jī)會(huì)主義，暴利主義成為心底橫行之猛獸，即asu hi thei aC u sr-"Uariiig"aid"die"makesStregthei s iuy be je ad faih. T aa ki ige ii a ctii iai chisC husy CiSJuLiiSI" Udeta law Ues ae paty mus fU .wt he iea

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16、接的契機(jī)，但這 種對(duì)接不可能一揮而就.，絕大多數(shù)由口企業(yè)由于不熟悉國(guó) 內(nèi)市場(chǎng)，即使有意內(nèi)銷(xiāo)也無(wú)從著手。答案62.選A。B項(xiàng)，動(dòng)人心弦：把心比作琴， 撥動(dòng)了心中的琴弦。形容事物激動(dòng)人心，非常動(dòng)人。這個(gè)成語(yǔ) 側(cè)重于高興、興奮，與劇情不合。C前赴后繼：赴，向前沖前面的沖上去了，后面的緊跟上來(lái)。形容連續(xù)不斷投入戰(zhàn)斗，奮 勇沖殺向前。褒義詞。 D項(xiàng)“一揮而就”應(yīng)為“一蹴而就”。一揮而就：形容才思敏捷，一動(dòng)筆就寫(xiě)成。就：成。應(yīng)為一蹴 而就：蹴：踏；就：成功。踏一步就成功。比喻事情輕而易舉， 一下子就成功。57選D。A項(xiàng)“絡(luò)繹不絕”是指人，不能用于“物 資”。B項(xiàng)“彈冠相慶”指一人當(dāng)了官或升了官，他的同伙也

17、互 相慶賀將有官可做，屬貶義詞。C項(xiàng)“功敗垂成”指快到成功時(shí)失敗了。49.選D。A項(xiàng)“諱莫如深”指隱瞞得非常嚴(yán)密， 惟恐別人知道。B項(xiàng)“揮灑自如”多形容寫(xiě)字、繪畫(huà)、作詩(shī)時(shí) 運(yùn)用筆墨不拘束，非常流利自然。C項(xiàng)“蕩氣回腸”形容樂(lè)曲、文辭等婉轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)人。應(yīng)改為“義憤填膺”。3.（北京卷）下列句子中，沒(méi)有語(yǔ)病的一句是A.高速公路上交通事故的主要原因是司機(jī)違 反交通規(guī)則或操作不當(dāng)造成的，交通部門(mén)要加強(qiáng)安全宣傳，提 高司機(jī)的安全意識(shí)。B.在“人類(lèi)非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)保護(hù)行動(dòng)”中， 中國(guó)民間文藝家協(xié)會(huì)確定將搶救民間木版年畫(huà)列為民間文化 遺產(chǎn)搶救工程之一。C.崇安髭蟾是武夷山區(qū)特有的兩棲類(lèi)珍稀動(dòng)a- on -e- ac

18、 ua, an-".ne" S-eg-ei s be -e ad.h. , ko- -ge in , lace- a c-n can consc o- Cnr,-onr ”e - l-a-Ue s ae pa- - -l .-he 1. ，- ng a- onu-s la. a - so” neal Slcea -,is agU -e - ”Cin - caa c si -, s abasc w-k - s-eg he cns- ”.". Pa- bes oblgai is a. r - neronrbi- The se .po-. . . chpa- - . -

19、 k no- - eve >».!1，- - o-e ol _- -,.”- g_p -he ell "e.nigy ba - ba- onsek -oi - e- n - -ace - he -s la- Ises- an-cc-es -be ss - w l o_ iS -gh-ing S-e l- -vac-." "w" -a-be-s aL kep- he ", -eS, cons-uS. p-a c-ce - he "h-、ns* a- cn.iu. ac Ues- -o- ce - pe-m pa-e oi

20、 iS ow n.e -ae-op- Leaning is-he Funa-n, is-he - - a. ' o".an ob. is -o e -e -e e-pl a-, -ole-be-s a-cc-e s pa- Cn Ues - ea.ine o u_ new c-ea - g o-.T "oug a n- cnvicin, lean, - n, lea n go pa, a vag -ol.-he -.” - as a-alw-s manaine nga - en-ep-i Sng si-an- cnsan- .,-. ouow ca ppci- a-

21、 lev- oi seVce, pos- a. ins Hea-s Can|e, ,k now as Lukeke", "w" aCiv-ie-.i-e - pa- - be Pa-c-es on- F-na-n,Cn-u-nPa- se- - obe- ae- ouSi-e -Sa p. "w"-S is，-.e ea.pl.- - b- ea.ple -o bepat. ._bes in -he -e p a- sl -, hig S-inge- Jobs wi- new _ IlS T be a -be-, moS bbsc e _e-

22、is . s mvace- -e Le -sng- - -he ca a- - .ion.Is - - he - ng ca -“.- ._is ba- Ie e is no- a - s-be- seve -e peple, 1- gee - inc-eae -leading ca dres 'aware nessof rightin pl ace,st udythe party Constit utionand partyrules, series ofspee chescanmakepropereffect.Partycadres to "two"leadby

23、example,tolea d by examplew emustchange ourmind, recogni zing that "two" is important.First, learnthe Communist PartyConstit utionPartyrule s, lear ning lear ningseri esimportantspeech byGeneralSe cretarycan e nhancethe ory. Wit hthe "thirdrevolution" theriseof rapid cha nges in

24、our life arefeeling,t he Communists should adhere to thetheoryofconfidence willcontinueto lear nfrom thevoice s ofthetimes, t hetimes,in turn,willhave newrequirementsforleading partycadres."Two" isthe mostbasicmeaning ofmembersallmasteringthe core the ory andt he mosta dvancedwea pons the

25、ory,com plementthe spiritof calci um.Secondly,t heCommunistParty Constitution Partyrul es, lear ning lear ningseries importantspeech by GeneralSecretary beabl etofirmly buil dthe ideol ogicalfoundation. Under theimpact ofmultiple values,the "two" istohelp cultivateinde pendentjudgme ntin n

26、umerou s miscellane ousmultiple concepts,sothatthe majorityconsensus ofpartymembers,the importantmagicw eapon ofthe party withthe resonance frequency.Finall y,the ConstitutionoftheCommunist Party, party rules,learni ng learni ng serie s important spee chcanstand cr owds,Ge neralSecretarypositi on. N

27、ow,some grass -rootsw orkin t he"the ol d waydidn'twork, hardway cannot,thenewa pproach would not"phe nome non,sometimes duetoa mass ofpartymembers andcadresnot understanding,does not meet. Infact,the mass"convincing"and"identity"Be hind arelikely to be partymembers

28、a nd lea dingca dresthemselvesig nori ngbeliefs held,re sulting in lack of persuasion andse nse ofidentity. "Two"is infactguaranteed partycadreswork,a n importa ntprerequisiteforconvinci ngthe masses. Bacon saiditwell:"pra cticalme n ca n handle i ndivi dualmatters, but lookingatthe w

29、hole operation globally,butonlyman ca ndo to knowle dge. "Givingup"two "effective,mustfirstraiseawarenessofleadi ng cadre sof party members, a s partymembers le arn real responsi bility" toknow"to" music","good "changes, i n parallelwit hthe ground, d ono

30、t forget to al soa nswertheantenna, dra w catcheson meteorology,which sit betwee n heave n and Earthwhi ch mel ds toget her the dreamsof practicing Communist.Members cadre sshoul d in"two lear n ado" inthe base d postdo contribution i n allmembers i nthe carried out "learn Constitutio

31、n Party rule s,and learn series spee ch, do qualifie d members"learni ngeducati on,t his isf ollowing party ofmass linee ducation practi ce activitiesand "threestrict three real" topi c educati onzhihou, dee peni ng party educati on ofand onceimporta nt practi ce, is promote d "t

32、hreestrictthre e real"topi ceducation from"keyminority" toallmembersexpand,and from concentrated educati ontoregular educati on exte nds ofimportanti nitiatives.Vastnumbers ofpartymembers and cadres i n the course oftwo,should be物，生活在海拔一千米左右的高山溪水中，最初因五十年前在崇安發(fā)現(xiàn)而得名。D. 食醋富有氨基酸、鈣、磷、鐵和維生素B

33、等成分， 因此具有美容功效，皮膚吸收之后，可改善營(yíng)養(yǎng)缺乏，促使皮膚美白細(xì)膩。答案： B 解析：A句式雜糅，去掉“造成的”或“主要原因"；C語(yǔ)序不當(dāng)，把“最初”移到“因五十年前”之后； D成分殘缺， “改善”缺少賓語(yǔ)“的狀況”4. （天津卷）下列各句中沒(méi)有語(yǔ)病且句意明確的一句是A. 旺盛的國(guó)內(nèi)需求正在成為跨國(guó)巨頭獲取暴利的重要市場(chǎng)，尤其是針對(duì)中國(guó)的石油、鐵礦石以及基礎(chǔ)能源等方面表現(xiàn)得異常突出。B. 時(shí)光的流逝不能讓我淡忘對(duì)故鄉(xiāng)濃濃的思念， 反之， 隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)，對(duì)故鄉(xiāng)的思念愈發(fā)日久彌堅(jiān)。C. 說(shuō)起餃子，每一個(gè)中國(guó)人都不感到陌生，中國(guó)的餃子對(duì)外國(guó)人也充滿(mǎn)了難以抗拒的誘惑。D.因?yàn)橛辛擞?/p>

34、默感，他們更善于與其他人溝通，即便表達(dá)了反對(duì)意見(jiàn)，別人也不會(huì)反感。答案： D解析： A項(xiàng)并列不當(dāng)，“基礎(chǔ)能源”包括石油、鐵礦石。 改為 “石油、 鐵礦石等基礎(chǔ)能源”； B 項(xiàng)語(yǔ)意重復(fù)， “愈發(fā)”與后面的“日久彌堅(jiān)”有重復(fù)：日子長(zhǎng)久了，感情卻更加堅(jiān)固了。刪去。C 項(xiàng)主客顛倒，應(yīng)說(shuō)“外國(guó)人對(duì)中國(guó)的餃子也充滿(mǎn) , ”【學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)】1 .理清作者的思路，歸納文章的觀(guān)點(diǎn)。2 .學(xué)習(xí)本文科普文章的語(yǔ)言特色，在說(shuō)明文或議論文寫(xiě)作中有意識(shí)地學(xué)習(xí)和借鑒。3 .激發(fā)對(duì)我國(guó)古代悠久的建筑藝術(shù)的熱愛(ài)之情，提高對(duì)我國(guó)建筑藝術(shù)的審美能力?！局R(shí)鏈接】1 . 文體知識(shí)ased ontheiract ual,striving

35、to be"learni ng"and "done" markers. Strengtheningtheoreticalstudy, be liefandfaith.T he or y isana ctionguide, onlythe oreticalknowle dge in place ,to unity,a ction can consci ously. Constituti onis t he fundam entallaw ofthe party,partyrule s are party must foll ow t heGe neralr

36、ules.Studyi ngand implementi ngthe partyConstituti on Partyr ulesand aserie s ofimporta nt spe ech,Ge neralSecretar y,is agui de to persisti ngand devel opi ngsocialismwit hChi nese chara cteristi cs,is a basic work ofstrengt heni ng the party'sconstr uction,butalso each andeveryCommunistParty M

37、ember'sobligationsandsolemnresponsibility.The seimporta nt content,forea ch part y,mustk now w oul d beli evewilldo both.WeGeneral Secretary ofthepartyConstitution,aseries ofremarkswith,and hold,graspthe real "learning"thatba sis,based on t heConstituti on speakt o issue, i n accor dan

38、ce witht heserie schanged t hepr oblem.Se cond, discipli ned i n line,t obe comelaw -abiding model.Is not no r ules.Ifthere i sno irondisci pline,partymembers a nd cadres will be comea mess,itwill l oseits fighting strengtha ndvitality, puritya nd naturallymuch less advanced.By "two" educa

39、tion,partymembersand cadre s to keept he"bottom li ne",not themore"red lines",consciouslypracticethe"threeSuns"andconsciouslyactaccordingtotheConstitution,party rules,remai ns a politicalfor ce, to perform partyoath,atree ofits ow n image.Three i s theloyal ,dareto play

40、 andplay to partymembers.Learning isthe Foundation,isthe keytodevelopmentisthegoal."Two"mainobjectiveisto let themajority of the playtothe exempl aryrole ofpartymembers and cadre s, party Constit ution,partyrulestoexamine.o use new criteria to guideourbehavi or.T hrougheducati on,t he idea

41、la nd conviction,kee p in mind that membership, l earn,lear n,lear n go playa vang uard a nd exemplaryr ole,the courageto playas,andalwaysmaintainthepioneer,pioneeringandenterprising spirit, andconstantly improve ourown ca pacity andlevel ofservice,accordi ngtopositi ons andmake contributi ons. Hear

42、ts change,lea d morestrict "bega n in theknow ,k now as Luke Skywalker", "two" activities,bequalifie d partymembers botha startingpoint andendingpoint.Partycadresonlyopinions,Foundation,Constitution Party rules, series t o better address outside in sha pe, "two" this is

43、St ate,lea ding by example,to leadby exampleto be qualifiedparty membersin theprocessofdoi ngthe dee pand soli d,hig her andmorestri ngent. Jobswith newsk ills.Tobea qualified partymember, most basice lement isalway sadvanced re quireme ntst hemselves,usingtheir powert o push forwar dthe ca useofthe

44、 part y,the peopleand the nation.Is tot heleadi ng ca dres ofpartymember s,firstof all is base d on thejob, do thepe oplei n theheart.Ther e isnot asloga n, butaims to better servethepeople,targeted efforts to increasetcesaassg.-.ay-u-art-seeseeceke ft Pc-es-twexltexlusag -.-g -rwi taFsl-.-s- .Pa -

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46、-a-wkaaac lsie - - ss a-es a ce udsa-g e - - ca c-.ieiBe-a-eseigrevggf d e sulg ilk esaseiei-wiincgaa-ea-c-ewk i -eeq-fcgsssBlci elaciccalvu-esi-. whle e-ogolKackliiguwe-c. -s-aswaes ledgc-a-esa-ee-eaere-k-sgcgsal g-gs we - e a -cace-g- wc-eaaEa-wcl-gee-aci-gsM-eaesu-ases-c-1rscea-Pa-lse se -ec - re

47、s-g e- a-ir-ga - ss u-a-c-i-e - e -c-e-c-eega-c-ce-es-ce-e-a-fk - - - e .fe-aeu-g-c-x . i-aarasus- esc-e-csw科許作品是,種以向大眾許及科學(xué)知以為卜:如1的作品?！翱圃S” ,詞就是指“科學(xué)普及”。科普作品傳統(tǒng)上以文字或圖畫(huà)作為基本載體。不過(guò)隨著媒體技術(shù)的 發(fā)展，科普作品也常常以視頻媒體等其他形式出現(xiàn)?？破兆髌返闹饕δ芎湍康木?是宣傳普及科學(xué)知識(shí)。它有以下特點(diǎn)：(1)科普作品所述內(nèi)容具有一定的學(xué)科專(zhuān)業(yè)性。閱讀對(duì)象主要是不熟悉該學(xué)科 的非專(zhuān)業(yè)人士。但這種專(zhuān)業(yè)性是有限制的。這就和一般的文學(xué)作品

48、或娛樂(lè)作品區(qū)分 開(kāi)來(lái)。(2)科普作品具有一定的娛樂(lè)性、普及性、可讀性和通俗性。在敘述內(nèi)容上要 求通俗易懂，深入淺出，能引起普通讀者興趣。這就和專(zhuān)業(yè)學(xué)術(shù)文獻(xiàn)區(qū)分開(kāi)來(lái)。(3)科普作品在陳述專(zhuān)業(yè)科學(xué)知識(shí)時(shí)要求把握一定程度的嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)性。想象與科學(xué) 現(xiàn)實(shí)之間的差別一般需要明確指出，或者至少要保證讀者不會(huì)混淆兩者。這就和科學(xué)幻想作品(簡(jiǎn)稱(chēng)科幻)區(qū)分開(kāi)來(lái)。(4)科普作品允許適當(dāng)?shù)靥摌?gòu)作品情節(jié)、人物、環(huán)境等等，已增加可讀性。這 就和一般的科學(xué)新聞、科學(xué)紀(jì)實(shí)或科學(xué)報(bào)告區(qū)分開(kāi)來(lái)。2 .走進(jìn)作者梁思成,1901年4月生，廣東省新會(huì)縣人。我國(guó)著名建筑學(xué)家，清華大學(xué)教授， 中國(guó)近代思想家、歷史學(xué)家梁?jiǎn)⒊印?915年就學(xué)

49、于北京清華學(xué)校，1924年赴美留學(xué),1927年獲賓夕法尼亞大學(xué)建筑系碩士，1927年、1928年在哈佛大學(xué)美術(shù)研究院學(xué)習(xí)。1928年回國(guó)，到沈陽(yáng)東北大學(xué)創(chuàng)辦了建筑系，并任教授兼系主任直到 1931年。1931年至1946年擔(dān)任中國(guó)營(yíng)造學(xué)社研究員、法式部主任。1941年還擔(dān)任前中央研究院研究員。1946年為清華大學(xué)創(chuàng)辦了建筑系，擔(dān)任教授兼系主任到 1972年。在這期間，還曾于1946年11月、1947年6月，應(yīng)美國(guó)耶魯大學(xué)之聘為 訪(fǎng)問(wèn)教授。1947年1月至1947年6月，作為中國(guó)代表?yè)?dān)任聯(lián)合國(guó)大廈設(shè)計(jì)委員會(huì) 顧問(wèn)。1948年獲得美國(guó)普林斯頓大學(xué)榮譽(yù)博士學(xué)位。梁思成教授長(zhǎng)期從事建筑教育事業(yè)，對(duì)建筑

50、教育事業(yè)做出了重要貢獻(xiàn)。他參加了北京市城市規(guī)劃工作，參加了國(guó)徽的設(shè)計(jì)和人民英雄紀(jì)念碑、揚(yáng)州鑒真和尚紀(jì)念 堂等建筑的設(shè)計(jì)工作，對(duì)建筑設(shè)計(jì)的民族形式進(jìn)行了探索。他的學(xué)術(shù)著述，清代營(yíng)造則例宋營(yíng)造法式中國(guó)建筑史弓I起了中外學(xué)者的重視。3、材料補(bǔ)充：天津薊縣獨(dú)樂(lè)寺：經(jīng)歷28次地震不倒，在保存至今的眾多古代木結(jié)構(gòu)建筑中， 天津薊縣的獨(dú)樂(lè)寺和山西應(yīng)縣木塔在抗震方面的表現(xiàn)尤其突出。獨(dú)樂(lè)寺位于天津薊縣盤(pán)山腳下，始建于唐代，寺內(nèi)的觀(guān)音閣和山門(mén)重建于遼代。自重建以后千余年來(lái)， 獨(dú)樂(lè)寺曾經(jīng)歷了 28次地震，1976年唐山大地震，薊縣城內(nèi)房屋倒塌不少，觀(guān)音閣 及山門(mén)的木柱略有搖擺，觀(guān)音像胸部的鐵條被拉斷，但整個(gè)大木構(gòu)架

51、安然無(wú)恙獨(dú)樂(lè) 寺觀(guān)音閣之所以在多次強(qiáng)震中屹立不倒，主要是斗拱起了作用，觀(guān)音閣的斗拱設(shè)計(jì) 十分巧妙，在沒(méi)有一顆釘子固定的情況下，通過(guò)七層木塊的相互交織，達(dá)到了相互 連接固定的作用，這樣在地震出現(xiàn)時(shí)能及時(shí)減緩?fù)獠康膲毫Γ哂泻軓?qiáng)的抗震性能。2010年4月14日玉樹(shù)7.1級(jí)地震，19日，記者在文成公主廟采訪(fǎng)時(shí)看見(jiàn)，緊 貼巖壁而建的寺院，外觀(guān)沒(méi)有明顯損壞的痕跡。寺院中香火旺盛，佛堂內(nèi)點(diǎn)滿(mǎn)了酥 a- on -e- ac ua, an-".ne" S-eg-ei s be -e ad.h. , ko- -ge in , lace- a c-n can consc o- Cnr,-onr

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