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1、Increasingthepriceofpetrolisthebestwaytosolvegrowingtrafficandpopulationproblems(兩個問題要提出兩個解決方案).Towhatextentdoyouagreeordisagree?Whatothermeasuresdoyouthinkmightbeeffective?(第一句寫背景)Thereisnodoubtthattrafficandpollutionfromvehicleshavebecomehugeproblems,bothincitiesandmotorways(高速公路)everywhere.(第二句點明

2、自己的觀點)Solvingtheseproblemsislikelytoneedmorethanasimpleriseinthepriceofpetrol.(第二段第一句肯定題目方案的有用之處,提高油價直接可以抑制私家車的使用數(shù)量)Whileitisundeniablethatprivatecaruseisoneofthemaincausesoftheincreaseintrafficandpollution,higherfuelcostsarelikelytolimitthenumberofdriversforlong(長久).(第二句承上啟下,以“這個政策”開頭,同時提出這樣做的不可行性,

3、從而否定這一觀點)Asthispolicywouldalsoaffectthecostofpublictransport,itwouldbeveryunpopularwitheveryonewhoneedstotravelontheroads.(第三句轉(zhuǎn)折,引出下一段,點明有其他更可行的方法)Buttherearevariousothermeasures(措施)thatcouldbeimplemented(實施)thatwouldhaveahugeeffectontheseproblems.(第一句點明,先說解決污染的問題)1thinktotackletheproblemofpollution

4、,cleanerfuelsneedtobedeveloped.(第二句說明可行的原因,因為技術(shù)已經(jīng)支持電動汽車的生產(chǎn))Thetechnologyisalreadyavailabletoproduceelectriccars(that說明電動汽車的好處)thatwouldbebothquieterandcleanertouse.(既然好,就要廣泛采用,那么應(yīng)該采取什么具體措施呢)Persuadingmanufacturersandtravelerstoadoptthisnewtechnologywouldbeamoreeffectivestrategyforimprovingairquality

5、,especiallyincities.(第一句說明僅僅這樣不能解決堵車問題,從而引出第四段對堵車問題的解決方法)Howeve,trafficcongestion(堵車)willnotbesolvedby(對上一段的總結(jié))changingthetypeofprivatevehiclepeoplecanuse.(既然不能解決,怎么做?)Todothis,weneedtoimprovethechoiceofpublictransportservicesavailabletotravelers.(第三句,舉例論證)Forexample,ifsufficientskytrainsandundergro

6、undtrainsystemswerebuiltandeffectivelymaintainedinourmajorcities,(因果論證,改寫)thentrafficontheroadswouldbedramaticallyreduced.(第四句繼續(xù)舉例)Long-distancetrainandcoachservicesshouldbemadeattractiveandaffordablealternativestodrivingyourowncarforlongjourneys.Inconclusion,Ithinkthatlong-termtrafficandpollutionre

7、ductionswoulddependoneducatingthe(公眾怎么做)publictousepublictransportmore,andongovernments(政府怎么做)usingpublicmoneytoconstructandrunefficientsystems.Itisimportantforchildrentolearnthedifferencebetweenrightandwrongatanearlyage.Punishmentisnecessarytohelpthemlearnthisdistinction.Towhatextentdoyouagreeordis

8、agreewiththisopinion?Whatsortofpunishmentshouldparentsandteachersbeallowedtousetoteachgoodbehaviortochildren?(第一句寫背景)Oneimportantstageinachild'sgrowthiscertainlythedevelopmentofaconscience,whichislinkedtotheabilitytotellrightfromwrong.(第二句thisskill開頭承上啟下)Thisskillcomeswithtimeandgoodparenting,(第

9、三句點明自己的觀點)andmyfirmconvictionisthatpunishmentdoesnothavemuchofaroletoplayinthis.(第四句同樣是點明觀點,反對題目的觀點)ThereforeIhavetodisagreealmostentirelywiththegivenstatement.(具體情況具體對待)Tosomeextentthequestiondependsontheageofthechild.(第二句展開支持句具體舉例)Topunishaveryyoungchildisbothwrongandfoolish,(舉例解釋)asaninfantwillno

10、tunderstandwhatishappeningorwhyheorsheisbeingpunished.(既然懲罰不合適,那么可以改用獎勵制度)Oncetheageofreasonisreached(承上啟下)however,achildcanberewardedforgoodbehavioranddiscouragedfrombad.(thiskind指代“獎勵制度”,與懲罰比較)Thiskindbutfirmapproachwillachievemorethanharshpunishments,whichmightentail(牽涉)manynegativeconsequencesun

11、intendedbytheparents.(那么老師和家長應(yīng)該怎么做)Tohelpachildlearnthedifferencebetweenrightandwrong,teachersandparentsshouldfirstlyprovidegoodrolemodelingintheirownbehavior.Afterthat,ifsanctions(懲罰)areneeded,thepunishmentshouldnotbeofaphysicalnature,(每個觀點都要解釋原因)asthatmerelysendsthemessagethatitisacceptableforlarg

12、erpeopletohitsmallerones一anoutcomewhichmaywellresultinthechildstartingtobullyothers.Norshouldthepunishmentbeinanywaycruel.(提出第二個可行方案)Rather,teachersandparentscanuseavarietyofmethodstodiscipline(管教)theiryoungcharges,suchasdetention(監(jiān)禁,放學后留校),withdrawalofprivilege,andtime-out.Makingthepunishmentfitthecrimeisausefulnotion(觀念),(舉例論證)whichwouldseechildrenbeingmadetopickupru

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