可可英語專八翻譯專題

1、漢譯英徐霞客一生周游考察了十六個省，足跡幾乎遍及全國。他在考察的過程中，從來不盲目迷信書本上的結(jié)論。他發(fā)現(xiàn)前人研究的地理的記載有許多不很可靠的地方。為了進(jìn)行真實(shí)細(xì)致的考察，他很少乘車坐船，幾乎全靠雙腳翻山越嶺，長途跋涉；為了弄清大自然的真相，他總是挑選道路艱險的山區(qū)，人跡稀少的森林進(jìn)行考察，發(fā)現(xiàn)了許多奇山秀景；他常常選擇不同的時間和季節(jié)，多次重游各地名山，反復(fù)觀察變換的奇景。1. 徐霞客一生周游考察了十六個省，足跡幾乎遍及全國。 周游：到各處游歷; 走遍travel across (around)；tour；visit考察：explore; make an on-the-spot invest

2、igation; inspect足跡：footprint;footmark; trace遍及：spread all over【譯文】During his life time, Xu Xiake visited and explored 16 provinces, leaving his footprints in nearly every corner of the country. 2. 他在考察的過程中，從來不盲目迷信書本上的結(jié)論。 他在考察的過程中:in his exploration; in his tours；on his tours盲目：blindly; in a blind wa

3、y; without thinking迷信：superstition; blindly worship/ believe in。這里“迷信”指接受，accept readily/without thinking【譯文】He never blindly accepted the conclusions given in books in his exploration. 3. 他發(fā)現(xiàn)前人研究的地理的記載有許多不很可靠的地方。 前人：predecessor; forefathers; others前人栽樹，后人乘涼：One man sows and another reaps. 記載：record

4、; put down in writing; document; notes可靠：真實(shí)可信 true或準(zhǔn)確accurate信得過reliable; trustworthy【譯文】He found many inaccuracies in the travel notes on geography written by his predecessors. He found that many of the geographical records by other people before him were inaccurate. 4. 為了進(jìn)行真實(shí)細(xì)致的考察，他很少乘車坐船，幾乎全靠雙腳翻山

5、越嶺，長途跋涉； 為了：in order to, for the sake of, for the purpose of, with the aim of, with a view to細(xì)致的：careful, delicate, detailed乘車坐船：“乘坐”應(yīng)使用一個詞 by carriage and boat; take the wagon and the boat翻山越嶺：翻越可使用一個詞 climb/cross mountains and ridges長途跋涉：long difficult journeys【譯文】 He seldom traveled by horse cart

6、 or boat but climbed mountains and ridges and took long, difficult journeys most of the time with the aim of conducting a real and careful exploration. 5. 為了弄清大自然的真相，他總是挑選道路艱險的山區(qū)，人跡稀少的森林進(jìn)行考察，發(fā)現(xiàn)了許多奇山秀景； 弄清：find out; make clear真相：real situation（區(qū)別于表面或造假的情況）；the actual state of affairs; fact; truth 真相大

7、白come out in the wash; The truth is out; The facts are clear now.弄清真相：get a clear picture of艱險：hardships and dangers；dangerous; treacherous; difficult 人跡罕至：untraversed；unfrequented；seldom visited奇山秀景：grotesque mountains and spectacular sceneries; 奇：grotesque, peculiar, strange, unique秀：fantastic, mi

8、raculous, magnificent, spectacular 【譯文】 To get a true picture of nature, he picked/chose mountains with treacherous pathsand unfrequented jungles for explorations, discovering many grotesque mountains and beautiful sceneries.6. 他常常選擇不同的時間和季節(jié)，多次重游各地名山，反復(fù)觀察變換的奇景。 【譯文】He would revisit famous mountains

9、at different time and in different seasons to observe the changing magnificent views time and again. 老帽山The Old Hat MountainThe Laomao Mountain老帽山位于普蘭店市北部、全國戰(zhàn)斗英雄于慶陽的家鄉(xiāng)-同益鄉(xiāng)，其主峰海拔848米。該山因峰秀、石峭、林密、松奇、花異而遠(yuǎn)近聞名，素有遼南“小黃山”之美譽(yù)。老帽山雄偉壯觀、景色宜人。山中怪石千姿百態(tài)，惟妙惟肖；清泉四季長流，瀑布濺石有聲；動植物資源極其豐富；各種花卉競相開放，各種野果隨處可見，野生動物時隱時現(xiàn)；一些珍貴

10、中草藥材應(yīng)有盡有，人稱遼南“百草園”。老帽山四季有景，生機(jī)無限?！耙捰⑿圩阚E，賞帽山風(fēng)光”，熱情好客的同益人民真誠歡迎海內(nèi)外朋友來老帽山旅游觀光。1. 老帽山位于普蘭店市北部、全國戰(zhàn)斗英雄于慶陽的家鄉(xiāng)-同益鄉(xiāng)，其主峰海拔848米。戰(zhàn)斗英雄: combat hero主峰:main peak; highest peak; dominant peak海拔:in elevation; above sea level，be elevated ? meters【譯文1】The Old Hat Mountain is situated in the Town of Tongyi in the north o

11、f Pulandian, the home town of Yu Qingyang, a national combat hero, with its main peak as high as 848 meters/with its dominant peak at an elevation of 848 meters/with its highest peak elevated 848 meters.【譯文2】In the Town of Tongyi in northern Pulandian, the home town of Yu Qingyang, a national combat

12、 hero, stands the Old Hat Mountain, whose main peak is 848 meters above sea level.2. 該山因峰秀、石峭、林密、松奇、花異而遠(yuǎn)近聞名，素有遼南“小黃山”之美譽(yù)。峰秀、石峭、林密、松奇、花異：漢語主謂結(jié)構(gòu)可以處理成英語形容詞名詞結(jié)構(gòu)。峰秀秀峰：magnificent, beautiful peaks石峭峭石：steep, precipitous cliffs林密密林：dense, thick woods松奇奇松：奇：奇形怪狀grotesque pines花異異花：奇異：exotic, rare,峰秀、石峭、林密、松

13、奇、花異遠(yuǎn)近聞名：famous far and wide素有 之美譽(yù) ：素：ever, all the time, always美譽(yù)：good fame，(good ) reputation素有 之美譽(yù) ：ever enjoys the reputation of【譯文】Known far and wide for its magnificent peaks, precipitous cliffs, thick woods, grotesque pines and exotic flowers, it ever enjoys the reputation of the Small Huangs

14、han Mountain in southern Liaoning.3. 老帽山雄偉壯觀、景色宜人。雄偉：majestic（majesty），magnificent， grand，imposing壯觀：spectacular（spectacularity），magnificent景色宜人：宜人：pleasant，delightful， charming， fascinating， enchanting（使心醉）【譯文】The Old Hat Mountain is both majestic and spectacular, offering enchanting views.除了并列之外，我

15、們可以對漢語的多個描述詞語進(jìn)行分解，分散在英文句子中的不同位置，如定語和表語；或者尋找一個中心點(diǎn)，其他圍繞這個中心，此句的中心是“景色宜人”。4. 山中怪石千姿百態(tài)，惟妙惟肖；千姿百態(tài)：“千、百”，漢語的數(shù)字有時夸張，形容多的意思，各種各樣。姿態(tài)：姿勢形態(tài)：postures, shape惟妙惟肖：remarkably true to life; be absolutely lifelike【譯文】Its unique rocks of all shapes and postures can find their resemblance in life.5. 清泉四季長流，瀑布濺石有聲；清：清澈

16、 limpid，crystal clear四季: the four seasons；all year round瀑布：waterfall, cataract, cascade（?。咀g文】Crystal clear spring keeps running all year round, with cascades splashing down onto rocks (, creating roars).6. 動植物資源極其豐富；【譯文】It abounds in animal and plant resources.7. 各種花卉競相開放，各種野果隨處可見，競相：互相爭勝 contend f

17、or/compete forwith each other【譯文】Blooming flowers of all sorts contend for beauty and wild fruits are grown everywhere.8. 野生動物時隱時現(xiàn)；時隱時現(xiàn):時時：nowand then；now appear and then disappear【譯文】Occasionally one can see wild animals here.9. 一些珍貴中草藥材應(yīng)有盡有，中草藥：Chinese herbal medicine藥材：medicinal materials；crude d

18、rugs應(yīng)有盡有：have everything one expects to find; in great plenty and variety【譯文】One can also find some kinds of valuable /precious /rare Chinese herbal medicines in plenty.10. 人稱遼南“百草園”?！咀g文】Hence it is also known as the Hundred Grasses Garden of southern Liaoning.11. 老帽山四季有景，生機(jī)無限?！咀g文】The Old Hat Mounta

19、in presents sceneries in all seasons/all year round, with endless vitality/with infinite livelihood.12. “覓英雄足跡，賞帽山風(fēng)光”，漢語的無主句譯成英語時可增補(bǔ)適當(dāng)?shù)闹髡Z【譯文】 “Lets follow the footsteps of the hero and enjoy/admire the beautiful scenery of the Old Hat Mountain”.13. 好客的同益人民真誠歡迎海內(nèi)外朋友來老帽山旅游觀光?！咀g文】The hospitable people

20、of Tongyi sincerely welcome friends from home and abroad to the Old Hat Mountain.雷曼第2季度收益大增47% 雷曼兄弟（Lehman Brothers）昨日公布，公司第二季度收益大增47%，但其股價卻大幅下挫，原因是投資者擔(dān)心波動較大的市場和不斷上升的利率，會中止華爾街投行近來利潤大增的趨勢。 這家華爾街投行表示，公司第二季度收益為10億美元，合每股收益1.69美元，而上年同期的收益為6.83億美元，合每股1.13美元。該公司固定收益產(chǎn)品交易業(yè)務(wù)業(yè)績強(qiáng)勁，抵消了債券承銷收入大幅下降的負(fù)面影響。Lehman shar

21、es dip in spite of earnings surge Lehman Brothers yesterday reported a 47 per cent jump in second-quarter earnings but its shares fell sharply amid investor fears that volatile markets and rising interest rates could cut into Wall Street's recent run of blockbuster profits. The Wall Street

22、bank said it earned $1bn, or $1.69 a share, in the second quarter, up from $683m, or $1.13 a share, a year earlier. Strong fixed-income trading results offset a sharp drop in debt-underwriting revenue. 突然之間，人人都在談?wù)摬粩嘞У陌偃f富翁們。周二，華爾街日報有篇文章談到了美國馬里蘭州百萬富翁越來越少?，F(xiàn)在有消息說，英國的百萬富翁人數(shù)減少了約一半。這并不是因?yàn)楦晃虃円泼窕蚴潜芏惾チ?，而是個人財

23、務(wù)狀況出了問題。正如過去一年中我所寫的，富人們在此次危機(jī)中遭受了重創(chuàng)，原因主要是他們的投資和房地產(chǎn)的價值銳減。正因?yàn)槿绱?，百萬富翁（特別是富翁中的“貧困戶”）的人數(shù)驟減。Britain Loses Half Of Its MillionairesSuddenly everyone is talking about disappearing millionaires.Tuesday there was The Wall Street Journal talking about the vanishing Maryland millionaires. Now comes word that Bri

24、tain has lost about half its millionaires.The reason isn't emigration or tax revolts. It is personal finances.As I have been writing for the past year, the rich have been hammered by this crisis, largely because of the plunge in the value of their investments and real estate. As a result, the mi

25、llionaire population (especially the lower end) is taking a dive.傳道者感嘆到：“著書立說沒有止境”，卻沒發(fā)覺他已高度評價了作家這一職業(yè)。的確，寫作、旅行、積聚財富都是沒有終結(jié)的。一個問題引發(fā)另外一個問題。我們不斷學(xué)習(xí)，且永遠(yuǎn)達(dá)不到心中所渴望的那般學(xué)識淵博。我們永遠(yuǎn)雕刻不出自己心儀的塑像。當(dāng)發(fā)現(xiàn)一個新大陸,或翻過一座山脈時，我們總會看到遠(yuǎn)方還有未曾涉足的海洋與陸地。宇宙浩渺，總會有供我們勤奮努力的東西，總會有供我們探索的空間。它不像卡萊爾的著作，可以讀完。即使在其一角，在一個私人花園，或一個農(nóng)莊附近，四季輪回，天氣瞬息萬變，哪怕在

26、那里生活了一輩子，也總會有讓我們驚喜的事情。"Of making books there is no end," complained the Preacher; and did not perceive how highly he was praising letters as an occupation. There is no end, indeed, to making books or experiments, or to travel, or to gathering wealth. Problem gives rise to problem. We may s

27、tudy for ever, and we are never as learned as we would. We have never made a statue worthy of our dreams. And when we have discovered a continent, or crossed a chain of mountains, it is only to find another ocean or another plain upon the further side. In the infinite universe there is room for our

28、swiftest diligence and to spare. It is not like the works of Carlyle, which can be read to an end. Even in a corner of it, in a private park, or in the neighborhood of a single hamlet, the weather and the seasons keep so deftly changing that although we walk there for a lifetime there will be always

29、 something new to startle and delight us.老太太總以自家花園里那棵高大的玫瑰樹為榮。她非常喜歡告訴別人，數(shù)年前她初次結(jié)婚時從羅馬帶回來的枝條，是如何長成如今這般高大的。那時，她與丈夫乘馬車從羅馬旅行歸來(那時還沒有火車)，途經(jīng)錫耶那南部的崎嶇路段時，馬車壞了，他們被迫就宿于路邊的小屋里。住宿條件當(dāng)然非常差；她一夜未能安眠，一早便起身穿好衣服，立于窗前，感受著撲面而來的席席涼風(fēng)，等待著黎明的到來。事隔多年，她仍然記得那情景。明月高懸在青山群巒之上，遠(yuǎn)處山峰上的小鎮(zhèn)逐漸明亮起來，月亮慢慢消退，晨曦把群山涂得粉紅。突然之間，一束陽光照亮了城鎮(zhèn)。城里的窗戶相繼明

30、亮起來，反射出耀眼的光芒。最后，整個小城宛若繁星，在天空中不停閃爍。The old lady had always been proud of the great rose-tree in her garden, and was fond of telling how it had grown from a cutting she had brought years before from Italy, when she was first married. She and her husband had been travelling back in their carriage from

31、Rome ( it was before the time of railways ) and on a bad piece of road south of Siena they had broken down, and had been forced to pass the night in a little house by the road-side. The accommodation was wretched of course; she had spent a sleepless night, and rising early had stood, wrapped up, at

32、her window, with the cool air blowing on her face, to watch the dawn. She could still, after all these years, remember the blue mountains with the bright moon above them, and how a far-off town on one of the peaks had gradually grown whiter and whiter, till the moon faded, the mountains were touched

33、 with the pink of the rising sun, and suddenly the town was lit as by an illumination, one window after another catching and reflecting the sun' beam, till at last the whole little city twinkled and sparkled up in the sky like a nest of stars.當(dāng)你步入婚姻的殿堂，你可能認(rèn)為已經(jīng)爬到了山頂，剩下的只是悠閑地沿著平緩的山坡下山。然而，這只是戀愛的結(jié)束，

34、婚姻的開始。擁有一顆驕傲而又叛逆的心，墜入愛河與贏得愛情都是難事；但維持愛情也很重要，夫妻都應(yīng)相敬如賓,互相關(guān)愛。當(dāng)真愛起始于圣壇之時，夫妻之間便開始了一場智慧與慷慨的競爭，一場為了一個不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的理想而持續(xù)一生的奮斗。不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)？啊，當(dāng)然不可能，因?yàn)樗麄儾皇且粋€人，而是兩個呀。Again, when you have married your wife, you would think you were got upon a hilltop, and might begin to go downward by an easy slope. But you have only ended co

35、urting to begin marriage. Falling in love and winning love are often difficult tasks to overbearing and rebellious spirits; but to keep in love is also a business of some importance, to which both man and wife must bring kindness and goodwill. The true love story commences at the altar, when there l

36、ies before the married pair a most beautiful contest of wisdom and generosity, and a life-long struggle towards an unattainable ideal. Unattainable? Ay, surely unattainable, from the very fact that they are two instead of one. 正是因?yàn)椴煌５刈非筮M(jìn)取，我們才感到生活幸福。一件事完成后，另一件隨之而來，如此連綿不絕，永無止境。對于往前看的人來說，眼前總有一番新天地。雖然我們

37、蝸居于這顆小行星上，整日忙于鎖事且生命短暫，但我們生來就有不盡的希望，如天上繁星，遙不可及。只要生命猶在，希望便會不止。真正的幸福在于怎樣開始，而不是如何結(jié)束，在于我們的希翼，而并非擁有。We live in an ascending scale when we live happily, one thing leading to another in an endless series. There is always a new horizon for onward-looking men, and although we dwell on a small planet, immersed

38、 in petty business and not enduring beyond a brief period of years, we are so constituted that our hopes are inaccessible, like stars, and the term of hoping is prolonged until the term of life. To be truly happy is a question of how we begin and not of how we end, of what we want and not of what we

39、 have. 與舞蹈和音樂相伴的歌謠跟口頭流傳的神話，遠(yuǎn)在文字出現(xiàn)之前就已大量產(chǎn)生。中國的文學(xué)正是發(fā)端于此。不過歌謠本是人們在生活中隨興而發(fā)的東西，上古時代也沒有保存和記載它們的手段，因之也就很快湮滅，不留痕跡。我們只能從一些古籍書中推斷它們的存在。古書中記載了一些據(jù)稱年代非常久遠(yuǎn)的歌謠，但是大多出于后人的偽托，能夠斷定朝代的歌謠要到詩經(jīng)里才能看見。從這點(diǎn)來看，古代神話對中國文學(xué)的影響更為顯著。Long before the emergence of the written word, ballads, accompanied by music and dance,and myths, pas

40、sed around by word of mouth, were widely popular. Chinese literature finds its origins in these traditions. However, ballads were what people improvised out of daily life, and due to lack of means to record and preserve them in ancient times, they quickly disappeared without leaving much of a trace.

41、 Today, we can only deduce their existence from ancient books, which recorded some time-honored ballads, though most of these are belived to be derivatives of later generations. Ballads in the Book of Songs are the earliest writings that can be dated. From this point of view, ancient mythology obvio

42、usly has had a great influence on Chinese literature.我的一個好朋友最近接受了白血病測試。她對我說，最令人痛苦的折磨就是苦苦等待測試結(jié)果的那一周時間。我朋友說，她可能會學(xué)著直面壞結(jié)果。但真正讓人煎熬焦慮的是那種茫然的感覺。孟克(Edvard Munch)的名畫吶喊哈佛大學(xué)心理學(xué)家吉爾伯特(Daniel Gilbert)不久前在紐約時報(New York Times)的專欄中寫道，不知道要發(fā)生什么壞事比知道什么壞事要發(fā)生的感覺更糟。我們大多數(shù)人之所以會夜不能寐、抽煙發(fā)泄，并不是因?yàn)榈拉偹怪笖?shù)要再跌1000點(diǎn)，而是因?yàn)槲覀儾恢赖乐笗粫碌淮_

43、定的感覺比不確定的事情本身更折磨人。Coping With the Certainty of UncertaintyA close friend of mine recently underwent tests for leukemia. The most agonizing part of the ordeal, she said, was the week-long wait for the test results. A bad outcome she could learn to cope with, my friend said. It was the not knowing, th

44、e uncertainty, that was so difficult.'People feel worse when something bad might occur than when something bad will occur,' wrote Harvard psychologist Daniel Gilbert in a recent New York Times op-ed. 'Most of us aren't losing sleep and sucking down Marlboros because the Dow is going

45、to fall another thousand points, but because we don't know whether it will fall or not and human beings find uncertainty more painful than the things they're uncertain about.'我和丈夫結(jié)婚已經(jīng)五年了，從我們的腰圍就能看出來。雖然我們倆都還算天生苗條，也盡量定期健身，但自打結(jié)婚生子以來我們還是無可避免地長胖了一點(diǎn)。（事實(shí)上，我那個還在學(xué)步的孩子這段時間最喜歡的活動就是揪著我的肚皮狂笑。真是多謝了。）刊

46、登在肥胖(Obesity)雜志和商業(yè)周刊網(wǎng)站(BusinessW)的新研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，已婚夫婦變得肥胖的機(jī)率是正在戀愛但尚未結(jié)婚或同居的人的兩倍。結(jié)婚時間越長，體重增加、變得肥胖的風(fēng)險就越大。北卡羅來納大學(xué)教堂山分校(University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill)的研究人員說，兩個人生活在一起就會一同行動，比如說一塊兒吃飯看電視?？茖W(xué)家們還強(qiáng)調(diào)，婚姻會帶來許多健康方面的好處，比如說少抽煙，死亡率也會降低。Does Marriage Make You Fat?My husband and I have been married for five years a

47、nd you can tell by our waistlines. While we're both naturally pretty slim and try to exercise somewhat regularly, we've definitely put on a few pounds since we exchanged vows (that's us in the picture) and since we had our son. (In fact, my toddler's favorite activity these days is s

48、queezing my belly and giggling hysterically. Thanks.)New research, published in the journal Obesity and written about at BusinessW, found that married couples are twice as likely to become obese as people in romantic relationships who weren't married or living together. The longer couples are married, the greater the risk of gaining weight and becoming obese.The researchers, from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, say when people are living together they share behavio