初中英語語法系列(人教版)-過去完成時1教材

1、*中學(xué)中學(xué)*（Simple past tense 一般過去時）一般過去時）1. He has heard the song before.（Present perfect tense 現(xiàn)在完成時）現(xiàn)在完成時）3. He said he had heard the song two years before.（Past perfect tense 過去完成時）過去完成時）2. He heard it two years ago.Simple past tense一般過去時一般過去時表示在過去某個時候發(fā)生的動作或表示在過去某個時候發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)存在的狀態(tài).I went to school

2、by bike this morning.I was at school yesterday afternoon.一般過去時一般過去時結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu):am, is, are - was, wereV-ed用法：用法：three days agoYesterdayLast a moment ago = just nowin the pastin 1997when +過去時句子過去時句子一般過去時一般過去時時間狀語：時間狀語：Lets do some exercises:Lets do some exercises:1. It is said that the old church _ (build)

3、from the year 1845 to 1848. (2005無錫無錫市中考）市中考）2. In China, the number of Internet users _ (be) 55 million in 2002. (2005無錫無錫市中考）市中考）3. In1946,UNICEF _ (set) up to help children whose lives were changed because of the Second World War. (2007無錫市無錫市中考）中考）was builtwaswas setPresent perfect tense 現(xiàn)在完成時現(xiàn)在完

4、成時現(xiàn)在完成時現(xiàn)在完成時結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu)： 助動詞助動詞have/has+have/has+動詞的過去分詞動詞的過去分詞用法用法1 1：1. I have already finished my homework.表示過去發(fā)生的某一動作對現(xiàn)在造表示過去發(fā)生的某一動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果成的影響或結(jié)果NP PF3. He _ (lose) his key , and he cant get into his house now.has lost2. I have never seen him before.現(xiàn)在完成時現(xiàn)在完成時用法用法1 1：already, yet, just, ever, neve

5、r, before表示過去發(fā)生的某一動作對現(xiàn)在造表示過去發(fā)生的某一動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果成的影響或結(jié)果時間狀語：時間狀語：兩兩 “ “去去”Have/ has been (to) Have/ has gone (to) 去過某地去過某地去了某地去了某地兩兩 “ “去去”have/has been to have/has gone to 去過某地去過某地去了某地去了某地have/ has been in 來來/去去/到到/在某地在某地他來中國兩年了他來中國兩年了He has been in China for two years.have/ has been (to) have/ has b

6、een (to) 去過某地去過某地我以前從未去過那兒他們?nèi)ミ^英國兩次了你曾經(jīng)去過美國嗎？你去那里了？我去老師辦公室了I have never been there before.I have been to England twice.Have you ever been to the USA?- Where have you been? - I have been to the teachers office.another placehave/ has gone to 去了某地去了某地 Tom isnt here. He _ Beijing.2. - Where is Mr. Li? -

7、He _ Beijing, and he will come back in two weeks.has gone tohas gone to another place現(xiàn)在完成時現(xiàn)在完成時用法用法2： 表示過去已經(jīng)開始，并持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在（包表示過去已經(jīng)開始，并持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在（包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)）的動作或狀態(tài)括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)）的動作或狀態(tài)NP PF F時間狀語：時間狀語：1. for+一段時間一段時間2. since過去時間點過去時間點yesterdaylast three days ago1997this morningthensince過去時句子過去時句子3.how long3.how longsince I

8、 was bornWe have learned English for six years.He has worked in the factory since he left school.They have lived in Beijing since 1980.How long have you studied in this school?現(xiàn)在完成時現(xiàn)在完成時用法用法2：1.1.我們學(xué)英語六年了我們學(xué)英語六年了2.2.自自19801980年起他們就住在北京了年起他們就住在北京了3.3.自他畢業(yè)起他就在這個工廠工作了自他畢業(yè)起他就在這個工廠工作了4.4.你在這個學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)多長時間了你在這

9、個學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)多長時間了havekeepbe away (from)be in be onbe deadbe a member ofbe inbe in 遇到表示一段時間的時間狀語遇到表示一段時間的時間狀語,瞬間動詞必須改瞬間動詞必須改成延續(xù)性動詞或短語。成延續(xù)性動詞或短語。buy _ borrow _ begin _ leave _ die _ come/ go to _join _ arrive at/ reach/ get to _現(xiàn)在完成時現(xiàn)在完成時用法用法2：Please translate the sentences into English 李雷買這本字典李雷買這本字典3 3天了。天

10、了。 Lilei _ for three Lilei _ for three days.days. 2. 2. 他們搬到這兒他的爺爺就去世了他們搬到這兒他的爺爺就去世了 His grandfather _since His grandfather _since they moved here.they moved here. 3. 3. 他兩年前就離開家鄉(xiāng)了他兩年前就離開家鄉(xiāng)了 He _ since He _ since two years ago.two years ago.has had the dictionaryhas been deadhas been away from his h

11、ometown現(xiàn)在完成時現(xiàn)在完成時時間狀語：時間狀語：in the past / last few yearsrecentlyin recent years / months / daysby now / so far / up to now1. There _ (not be) much rain in my hometown since the beginning of this month. (2005無錫市中考）無錫市中考）2. It _ （snow) twice in his hometown since a week ago. (2006無錫市中考）無錫市中考）3. So far,

12、 China _ (develop) about 1,360 kinds of green food. (2007無錫市中考無錫市中考）4. Look, the small park here _ (turn) into a threater.Lets do some exercises:Lets do some exercises:hasnt beenhas snowedhas developedhas turned一般過去時與過去完成時一般過去時與過去完成時1. A: I _ (buy) a dictionary.B: When _ you _ (buy) it.A: Last night

13、.B: Where _ you _ (buy) it?A: In the new bookshop.did buydid buyhave bought2. My friend _ (buy) a car. He _ (buy) it two years ago.has boughtboughtpast perfect tense 過去完成時過去完成時過去完成時過去完成時結(jié)構(gòu)：結(jié)構(gòu)： 助動詞助動詞had + 動詞的過去分詞動詞的過去分詞用法一：用法一： 動作在過去某一時間或動作之前已經(jīng)動作在過去某一時間或動作之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成，動作發(fā)生的時間是發(fā)生或完成，動作發(fā)生的時間是“過過去的過去去的過去”

14、PNF時間狀語：時間狀語：by +by +過去時間過去時間 , by the time +, by the time +過去時的句子過去時的句子, ,when / before +when / before +過去時的句子過去時的句子過去完成時過去完成時用法一：用法一：4. By the end of last year, they had built more than ten bridges. 3. She had to go back to shool, because she has left her book there.2.The train had already left wh

15、en arrived at the station.1. She had been a model before she became a Hollywood superstar.動作在過去某一時間或動作之前已經(jīng)動作在過去某一時間或動作之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成，動作發(fā)生的時間是發(fā)生或完成，動作發(fā)生的時間是“過過去的過去去的過去”用法二：用法二：過去完成時過去完成時表示從過去某一個時候開始持續(xù)到過表示從過去某一個時候開始持續(xù)到過去的另一時間動作或狀態(tài)去的另一時間動作或狀態(tài)1. The film had been on for ten minutes when we arrived at the cin

16、ema.2. She had worked in the factory by the end of last year.PNFLets do some practice:Lets do some practice:1. When his grandmother saw again, he _ (grow) up into a tall yound man. (2005無錫市中考）無錫市中考）2. Xiao Wang didnt want to tell me anything about what he _ just _ ( hear). (2006無錫市中考）無錫市中考）3. By the

17、 time she was fifteen, Kitty _ (teach) herself a foreign language. (2006無錫市無錫市中考）中考）had taughthad heardhad grownPresent perfect tense and past perfect tense He _ (see) the film twice, so he didnt go to the cinema with us. He _ (see) the film twice, so he knows it very well.had seenhas seen2. Its said that they _ (live) there together