V-ing作主語和賓語等等

1、動詞動詞-ing-ing形式作主語形式作主語、表語、表語、賓語賓語、定語、賓補(bǔ)和狀語定語、賓補(bǔ)和狀語u動詞動詞-ing形式形式是在動詞末尾加是在動詞末尾加 -ing，屬于，屬于非謂語動詞非謂語動詞。如：。如：do-doing, write- writing , sit-sitting , etc.u 否定形式：否定形式：not+ v-ing 構(gòu)成構(gòu)成 主動形式主動形式被動形式被動形式一般式一般式doingdoingbeing donebeing done完成式完成式having donehaving donehaving been having been donedoneu1、放在句首放在句首

2、作主語作主語：往往表示經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性的動作，往往表示經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性的動作，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。謂語動詞用單數(shù)。u Swimming is my favourite sport.u Saying is easier than doing. 說比做容易。說比做容易。 u2、為了保持句子平衡，通常用、為了保持句子平衡，通常用it作形式主語，而把真作形式主語，而把真實(shí)主語放在句末。如：實(shí)主語放在句末。如：u It is no use crying over spilt milk. 作無益的后悔是沒有用的。作無益的后悔是沒有用的。u Its a waste of time arguing about it.

3、 爭論此事是在浪費(fèi)時間。爭論此事是在浪費(fèi)時間。u類似的句型還有：u It is a waste of time doing.u It is no good/use doing.u It is worth/worthwhile doing.u3、在、在There is no結(jié)構(gòu)中，通常用結(jié)構(gòu)中，通常用-ing分詞，分詞，表示表示“沒沒法法”如：如： u There is no joking about such matters. 這種事開不得玩笑。 u There was no knowing what he could do. 他能做什么很難說。u His hobby is collectin

4、g stamps. 他的愛好是收集郵票。 u The problem is quite puzzling. 這個問題很令人困惑。 u1、作動詞的賓語。、作動詞的賓語。（常接動詞常接動詞-ing形式作賓語的動詞可用下面的口訣幫助形式作賓語的動詞可用下面的口訣幫助記憶：記憶：）u 避免錯過少延期避免錯過少延期 avoid, miss, postponeu建議完成多練習(xí)建議完成多練習(xí) advise, finish, practiseu喜歡想象禁不住喜歡想象禁不住 enjoy, imagine, cant helpu承認(rèn)否定與嫉妒承認(rèn)否定與嫉妒admit, deny, envyu逃避冒險莫原諒逃避冒險

5、莫原諒 escape, risk, excuseu忍受保持不介意忍受保持不介意 stand, keep, mind注意：某些動詞既某些動詞既可接動名詞又可接不定式作賓語。常見的有：可接動名詞又可接不定式作賓語。常見的有：begin, start, continue, like, love, prefer, mean, forget, remember, hate等。A. like, love, hate, prefer + doing / to do(意義上沒有不同，只是側(cè)重點(diǎn)有些不同，動名詞表示泛指的動作，不定式表示具體的一次性動作。)B. begin/start, continue + d

6、oing / to do（意義無區(qū)別，尤其是當(dāng)主語是人的時候。）C. forget，remember，regret + doing / to do（意義不同）如（意義不同）如：ustop to do sth. 停下來去做某事停下來去做某事 stop doing sth. 停止做某事停止做某事umean to do sth. 想要做某事想要做某事u mean doing sth. 意味著做某事意味著做某事utry to do sth. 努力努力/企圖做某企圖做某 try doing sth. 試著做某事試著做某事uremember doing sth. 記得做了某事記得做了某事 remember

7、 to do sth. 記住要去做某事記住要去做某事uregret doing sth. 后悔做了某事后悔做了某事uregret to do sth. 遺憾要去做某事遺憾要去做某事注意：注意：下列動詞可接動詞下列動詞可接動詞-ing形式的主動形式表示被動意形式的主動形式表示被動意義，相當(dāng)于不定式的被動形式。義，相當(dāng)于不定式的被動形式。uneed/ want / require / deserve doing = need / want/require / deserve to be done如：如： The bike needs repairing.= The bike needs to be

8、 repaired.u2、作介詞賓語，經(jīng)常用在一些短語的后面。、作介詞賓語，經(jīng)常用在一些短語的后面。如：如： insist on, object to, be good at, be fond of, lead to, put off, give up, look forward to, feel like, devote to, get used to, pay attention to, be worth等。等。 He insisted on doing it in his own way. 他堅持要按照自己的方法做。他堅持要按照自己的方法做。 He went to London in t

9、he hope of being a famous painter. 他去了倫敦，希望能成為一個著名的畫家。他去了倫敦，希望能成為一個著名的畫家。 u單個的分詞作定語一般放在被修飾詞的前面。如：單個的分詞作定語一般放在被修飾詞的前面。如： u reading room 閱覽室閱覽室 u swimming pool 游泳池游泳池 u singing competition 歌詠比賽歌詠比賽 u waiting room 候車室候車室 u a sleeping child一個酣睡的孩子一個酣睡的孩子u the exciting news令人振奮的消息令人振奮的消息 u a boring speec

10、h令人乏味的演出令人乏味的演出 u -ing分詞短語作定語應(yīng)放在被修飾詞的后面，也分詞短語作定語應(yīng)放在被修飾詞的后面，也相當(dāng)于一個定語從句。相當(dāng)于一個定語從句。如：如：u Who is the comrade standing by the door? 站在門邊的同志是誰？站在門邊的同志是誰？ u They lived in a house facing south. = They lived in a house that faces the street. 他們住在一所朝南的房子里。他們住在一所朝南的房子里。 uing分詞還可以作非限制性定語，相當(dāng)于一個分詞還可以作非限制性定語，相當(dāng)于一個

11、非限制性定語從句，常用逗號和句子其它部分分非限制性定語從句，常用逗號和句子其它部分分開。如開。如: u His brother, working as a teacher, lives in Beijing. = His brother, who is working as a teacher, lives in Beijing. u 他那個當(dāng)教師的哥哥住在北京。他那個當(dāng)教師的哥哥住在北京。 五、-ing形式作賓語補(bǔ)足語 1. 動詞-ing形式作賓語補(bǔ)足語常放在賓語后面，表示一個正在進(jìn)行的主動性的動作，強(qiáng)調(diào)一個過程或一種狀態(tài)。如： When we returned to the school,

12、 we found a stranger standing at the entrance. 當(dāng)我們回到學(xué)校時, 發(fā)現(xiàn)一個陌生人站在大門口。 The boss kept the workers working the whole night. 那老板讓工人整夜地工作。2. 能用能用-ing形式作賓語補(bǔ)足語的幾類動詞形式作賓語補(bǔ)足語的幾類動詞: 1) 表示感覺和心理狀態(tài)的動詞，常見的有表示感覺和心理狀態(tài)的動詞，常見的有see, hear, feel, smell, find, notice, observe, look at, listen to等。如：等。如： We saw a light b

13、urning in the window. I felt somebody patting me on the shoulder. 2) 表示指使意義的動詞，常見的有表示指使意義的動詞，常見的有have, set, keep, get, catch, leave等。如：等。如： I wont have you doing that. This set me thinking. Im sorry to have kept you waiting. 3. see, hear, feel, watch等動詞之后用等動詞之后用-ing形式和動詞形式和動詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語的區(qū)別：不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語的區(qū)

14、別：前者表示動作正在進(jìn)行，而后者表示（或強(qiáng)調(diào)）動前者表示動作正在進(jìn)行，而后者表示（或強(qiáng)調(diào)）動作從開始到結(jié)束的全過程。作從開始到結(jié)束的全過程。 We passed by the classroom and saw the teacher making the experiment.u1、I had great difficulty _the suitable food on the menu in that restaurant.uA find B found C to find D findingu2、Bill suggested _ a meeting on what to do for t

15、he Shanghai Expo during the vacation.uA having held B to hold C holding D holdu3、I still remember _to the Famen Temple and what I saw there.u A to take B to be taken u C taking D being takenu4、Susan wanted to be independent of her parents. She tried _alone, but she didnt like it and moved back home.

16、u A living B to live u C to be living D having livedu5、Something as simple as _ some cold water may clear your mind and relieve pressure.u A to drink B drinking u C to be drinking D drunku6、-They are quiet, arent they?u -Yes. They are accustomed _at meals.u A to talk B to not talk u C to talking D t

17、o not talking u7、I hear theyve promoted Tom, but he didnt mention _when we talked on the phone.uA to promote B having been promoteduC having promoted D to be promotedu8、It is no good _ all the time.uA complaining B to complainuC complained D complainu9、I regret _ that Im too busy _ in the talk.uA to

18、 say; to participate uB saying; participatinguC to say; participating uD saying; to participateu10、She has been used to _ abroad.uA live B to live C lived D livinguThe bike needs _1_(repair).u I had great difficulty _2_(find)the suitable food on the menu in that restaurant.uI regret _3_(say)that Im too busy _4_(join) in the talk. uIt is no good _5_ (complain)all the time. uShe has been used to _6_(live) abroad. uBill suggested _7_(hold) a meeting on what to do