恒心大學(xué)英語(yǔ)新四段落翻譯常用詞匯部分中國(guó)歷史與文化李炳璋提供

1、【備考指南】大學(xué)英語(yǔ)新四級(jí)段落翻譯常用詞匯部分：中國(guó)歷史與文化【*】復(fù)習(xí)時(shí)請(qǐng)關(guān)注如下內(nèi)容!刺繡 embroidery蘇繡 Suzhou embroidery泥人 clay figure 旗袍 cheongsam中山裝 Chinese tunic suit唐裝 Tang suit 京劇 Peking opera秦腔 Qin opera功夫 Kungfu太極 Tai Chi口技 ventriloquism1 / 13木偶戲puppet show皮影戲 shadowplay折子戲 opera highlights雜技 acrobatics相聲 witty dialogue comedy書法 call

2、igraphy中國(guó)畫 traditional Chinese painting水墨畫 Chinese brush painting中國(guó)結(jié) Chinese knot中國(guó)古代四大發(fā)明 the four great inventions of ancient China火藥 gunpowder印刷術(shù)printing造紙術(shù) paper-making指南針 the compass青銅器 bronze ware瓷器 porcelain; china唐三彩 tri-color glazed pottery of the Tang Dynasty景泰藍(lán)cloisonne秋千swing武術(shù) martial ar

3、ts儒家思想Confucianism儒家文化 Confucian culture道教 Taoism墨家Mohism法家 Legalism佛教 Buddhism孔子 Confucius孟子 Mencius老子 Lao Tzu莊子 Zhuang Tzu墨子 Mo Tzu孫子Sun Tzu象形文字 pictographic characters文房四寶(筆墨紙觀) the Four Treasures of the Study (brush, ink stick, paper, and ink stone)大學(xué)The Great Learning中庸The Doctrine of the Mean論

4、語(yǔ)The Analects of Confucius孟子The Mencius孫子兵法The Art of War三國(guó)演義Three Kingdoms西游爺己Journey to the West紅樓夢(mèng)Dream of the Red Mansions水滸傳Heroes of the Marshes山海經(jīng)The Classic of Mountains and Rivers資治通鑒History as a Mirror春秋The Spring and Autumn Annals史記Historical Records詩(shī)經(jīng)The Book of Songs易經(jīng)The I Ching; The B

5、ook of Changes禮記The Book of Rites三字經(jīng)Three-character Scriptures八股文 eight-part essay五言絕句 five-character quatrain七言律詩(shī) seven-character octave風(fēng)水 Fengshui; geomantic omen陽(yáng)歷 Solar calendar陰歷 Lunar calendar閏年 leap year十二生肖zodiac春節(jié) the Spring Festival元宵節(jié) the Lantern Festival清明節(jié) the Tomb-sweeping Day端午節(jié) the D

6、ragon-boat Festival中秋節(jié) the Mid-autumn Day重陽(yáng)節(jié) the Double-ninth Day七夕節(jié) the Double-seventh Day春聯(lián) spring couplets廟會(huì) temple fair爆竹 firecracker年畫(traditional) New Year pictures壓歲錢 New Year gift-money舞龍dragon dance元宵 sweet sticky rice dumplings花燈 festival lantern燈謎 lantern riddle舞獅 lion dance踩高蹺 stilt walk

7、ing賽龍舟 dragon boat race胡同 hutong山東菜 Shandong cuisine川菜 Sichuan cuisine粵菜 Canton cuisine揚(yáng)州菜 Yangzhou cuisine月餅 moon cake年糕 rice cake油條 deep-fried dough sticks豆?jié){ soybean milk饅頭 steamed buns花卷 steamed twisted rolls包子 steamed stuffed buns北京烤鴨 Beijing roast duck拉面 hand-stretched noodles餛飩 wonton (dumplin

8、gs in soup)豆腐 tofu? bean curd麻花 fried dough twist燒餅 clay oven rolls皮蛋 100-year egg; century egg蛋炒飯 fried rice with egg糖葫蘆 tomatoes on sticks火鍋hot pot長(zhǎng)城 the Great Wall of China烽火臺(tái) beacon tower秦始皇陵 the Mausoleum of Emperor Qinshihuang兵馬俑 Terracotta Warriors and Horses大雁塔 Big Wild Goose Pagoda絲綢之路the S

9、ilk Road敦煌莫高窟M(jìn)ogao Grottoes華清池 Huaqing Hot Springs五臺(tái)山 Wutai Mountain九華山 Jiuhua Mountain蛾眉山Mount Emei泰山 Mount Tai黃山 Mount Huangshan; the Yellow Mountain故宮 the Imperial Palace天壇 the Temple of Heaven午門 Meridian Gate大運(yùn)河 Grand Canal護(hù)城河the Moat回音壁Echo Wall居庸關(guān) Juyongguan Pass九龍壁 the Nine Dragon Wall黃帝陵 the

10、 Mausoleum of Emperor Huangdi十三陵 the Ming Tombs蘇州園林 Suzhou gardens西湖 West Lake九寨溝 Jiuzhaigou Valley日月潭 Sun Moon Lake布達(dá)拉宮Potala Palace鼓樓 drum tower四合院 quadrangle; courtyard complex孔廟 Confucius Temple樂(lè)山大佛 Leshan Giant Buddha十八羅漢 the Eighteen Disciples of the Buddha喇嘛L(fēng)ama轉(zhuǎn)世靈重 reincarnated soul boy 中藥 t

11、raditional Chinese medicine黃帝內(nèi)經(jīng)Emperor Huangdi，s Canon of Traditional Chinese Medicine神農(nóng)本草經(jīng)Shennong，s Herbal Classic 本草綱目Compendium of Materia Medica針灸 acupuncture推拿 medical massage切脈 feeling the pulse五禽戲 five-animal exercises舊石器時(shí)代 the Paleolithic Age新石器時(shí)代 the Neolithic Age; New Stone Age母系氏族社會(huì) matr

12、iarchal clan society封建的feudal朝代 dynasty秦朝 Qin Dynasty漢朝 Han Dynasty唐朝 Tang Dynasty宋朝 Song Dynasty元朝 Yuan Dynasty明朝 Ming Dynasty清朝 Qing Dynasty秦始皇 Emperor Qinshihuang; the First Emperor of Qin皇太后 Empress Dowager漢高祖劉邦 Liu Bang, Emperor Hangaozu, founder of the Han Dynasty成吉思汗Genghis Khan春秋時(shí)期 the Sprin

13、g and Autumn Period文成公主 Tang Princess Wencheng慈禧太后 Empress Dowager Ci Xi皇帝，君主 emperor; monarch諸侯vassal皇妃 imperial concubine丞相，宰相 prime minister太監(jiān) court eunuch少數(shù)民族 ethnic minority祭祀 offer sacrifices西域 the Western Regions戰(zhàn)國(guó) the Warring States中華文明 Chinese civilization文明的搖籃 cradle of civilization 秦始皇統(tǒng)一中

14、國(guó) unification of the country by Emperor Qinshihuang鴉片戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)the Opium War太平天國(guó) the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom戌戌變法 the Reform Movement of 1898辛亥革命 the 1911 Revolution新民主主義革命 New-democratic Revolution五四運(yùn)動(dòng) the May 4th Movement of 1919南昌起義 Nanchang Uprising918 事變 September 18th Incident長(zhǎng)征 the Long March西安事變 Xi"an Incident南京大屠殺Nanjing Massacre抗日戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng) the War of Resistance Against Japan毛澤東 Mao Tse-tong孫中山