2016小升初英語新

1、2016年小升初英語常考語法知識歸納一.名詞：名詞單復(fù)數(shù)，名詞的格(一)名詞單復(fù)數(shù)1.一般情況，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds2.以s. x. sh. ch結(jié)尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches3.以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾，變y為i, 再加-es，如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries4.以“f或fe”結(jié)尾，變f或fe為v, 再加-es，如：knife-knives5.不規(guī)則名詞復(fù)數(shù)：man-men, w

2、oman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-micechild-children, foot-feet, tooth-teeth, fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese不可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)就是原型： paper, juice, water, milk, rice, tea(二)名詞的格(1) 有生命的東西的名詞所有格：a) 單數(shù)后加 s 如: Lucys ruler my fathers shirtb) 以s 結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞后加 如

3、: his friends bagsc) 不以s 結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)后加 s childrens shoesl 并列名詞中，如果把 s加在最后一個名詞后，表示共有, 如:Tom and Mikes car 湯姆和邁克共有的小汽車l 要表示所有物不是共有的，應(yīng)分別在并列名詞后加sToms and Mikes cars 湯姆和麥克各自的小汽車(2)表示無生命東西的名詞通常用“ of +名詞”來表示所有關(guān)系：如:a picture of the classroom a map of China二.冠詞：不定冠詞，定冠詞種類：(1)不定冠詞：a / an a unit / an uncle元音開頭的可數(shù)名詞前

4、用an :an egg / an apple / an orange / an eraser / an answer / an ID card / an alarm clock / an actor / an actress /an e-mail / an address / an event / an example / an opera / an houran old man / an interesting book / anexciting sport / an action movie / an art lesson /(2)定冠詞：the the egg the plane2. 用

5、法:定冠詞的用法：(1)特指某(些)人或某(些)物： The ruler is on the desk.(2)復(fù)述上文提到的人或物：He has a sweater. The sweater is new.(3)談話雙方都知道的人或物：The boys arent at school.(4)在序數(shù)詞前： Johns birthday is February the second.(5)用于固定詞組中： in the morning / afternoon / evening不用冠詞的情況：(1)專有名詞前：China is a big country.(2)名詞前有定語：this , that

6、 , my , your , some, any , no 等：This is my baseball.(3)復(fù)數(shù)名詞表示一類人和事：Monkeys cant swim. They are teachers.(4)在節(jié)日，日期，月份，季節(jié)前：Today is Christmas Day. Its Sunday.(5)一日三餐前：We have breakfast at 6:30.(6)球類 棋類運(yùn)動前：They often play football after class. He plays chess at home.* 但樂器前要用定冠詞：I play the guitar very w

7、ell.(7)學(xué)科名稱前：My favorite subject is music.(8)在稱呼或頭銜的名詞前：This is Mr Li.(9)固定詞組中：at noon at night by bus三、代詞：人稱代詞，物主代詞人稱代詞 物主代詞主格 賓格第一人稱 單數(shù) I(我) me my(我的)復(fù)數(shù) we(我們) us our(我們的)第二人稱 單數(shù) you(你) you your(你的)復(fù)數(shù) you(你們) you your(你們的)第三人稱 單數(shù) he(他) him his(他的)she(她) her her(她的)it(它) it its(它的)復(fù)數(shù) they(他們/她們/它們)

8、 them their(他們的/她們的/它們的)四、形容詞，副詞：比較級，最高級(一)、形容詞的比較級1、形容詞比較級在句子中的運(yùn)用：兩個事物或人的比較用比較級，比較級后面一般帶有單詞than。比較級前面可以用more, alittle來修飾表示程度。than后的人稱代詞用主格(口語中可用賓格)。2.形容詞加er的規(guī)則： 一般在詞尾加er ; 以字母e 結(jié)尾，加r ; 以一個元音字母和一個輔音字母結(jié)尾，應(yīng)雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加er ; 以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾，先把y變i，再加er 。3.不規(guī)則形容詞比較級：good-better, beautiful-more beautiful(二)副詞的

9、比較級1.形容詞與副詞的區(qū)別 (有be用形，有形用be;有動用副，有副用動)在句子中形容詞一般處于名詞之前或be動詞之后副詞在句子中最常見的是處于實義動詞之后2.副詞比較級的變化規(guī)則基本與形容詞比較級相同 (不規(guī)則變化：well-better, far-farther)五 數(shù)詞：基數(shù)詞，序數(shù)詞一、基數(shù)詞(1)1-20one，two，three，four，five，six，seven，eight，nine，ten，eleven，twelve，thirteen，fourteen，fifteen，sixteen，seventeen，eighteen，nineteen，twenty(2)21-99 先

10、說“幾十”，再說“幾”，中間加連字符。23twenty-three，34thirty-four，45fortyfive，56fifty-six，67sixty-seven，78seventy-eight，89eighty-nine，91ninety-one(3)101999先說“幾百”，再加and，再加末兩位數(shù)或末位數(shù);586five hundred and eighty-six，803eight hundred and three(4)l，000以上，先從右往左數(shù)，每三位數(shù)加一個“，”，第一個“，”前為thousand.第二個“，”前為million，第三個“，”前為billion1，001

11、one thousand and one18，423eighteen thousand，four hundred and twenty-three6，260，309six million two hundred and sixty thousand three hundred and nine750，000，000，000seven hundred and fifty billion二、序數(shù)詞(1)一般在基數(shù)詞后加theg.fourfourth，thirteenthirteenth(2)不規(guī)則變化onefirst，twosecond，threethird，fivefifth，eighteigh

12、th，nineninth，twelvetwelfth(3)以y結(jié)尾的十位整數(shù)，變y為ie再加thtwentytwentieth， fortyfortieth， ninetyninetieth(4)從二十一后的“幾十幾”直至“幾百幾十幾”或“幾千幾百幾十幾”只將個位的基數(shù)詞變?yōu)樾驍?shù)詞。twenty-first，two hundred and forty-fifth基數(shù)詞轉(zhuǎn)為序數(shù)詞的口訣：基變序，有規(guī)律，詞尾加上-th.一，二，三，特殊記，詞尾字母t,d,d.八去t,九去e, ve要用f替。ty將y變成i，th前面有個e.若是碰到幾十幾，前用基來后用序。六、介詞：常用介詞：in, on, at,

13、behind等1.at表示時間概念的某一個點。(在某時刻、時間、階段等)。at 1：00(dawn，midnight，noon)在一點鐘(黎明、午夜、中午) 2.on1)表示具體日期。注：(1)關(guān)于"在周末"的幾種表示法：at(on)the weekend在周末-特指at(on)weekends在周末-泛指over the weekend在整個周末during the weekend在周末期間 (2)在圣誕節(jié)，應(yīng)說at Christmas而不說on Christmas2)在(剛)的時候。On reaching the city he called up his parent

14、s.一到城里他就給父母打了一個電話。3.in1)表示"時段"、"時期"，在多數(shù)情況下可以和during互換，前者強(qiáng)調(diào)對比，后者強(qiáng)調(diào)持續(xù)。 in(during)1988(December，the 20th century)在一九八八年(十二月、二十世紀(jì))七、動詞：動詞的四種時態(tài)：(1)一般現(xiàn)在時：一般現(xiàn)在時的構(gòu)成1. be動詞：主語+be(am, is, are)+其它。如：I am a boy. 我是一個男孩。2. 行為動詞：主語+行為動詞(+其它)。 如： We study English. 我們學(xué)習(xí)英語。當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)(he, she, it)

15、時，要在動詞后加"-s"或"-es"。如：Mary likes Chinese.瑪麗喜歡漢語。動詞+s的變化規(guī)則1.一般情況下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks, milk-milks2.以s. x. sh. ch. o結(jié)尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes3.以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾，變y為i, 再加-es，如：study-studies(2)一般過去時:動詞過去式詳解 動詞的過去式的構(gòu)成規(guī)則有：A、規(guī)則動詞 一般直接在動詞的后面加ed：如worked , learne

16、d , cleaned , visited以e結(jié)尾的動詞直接加d：如lived , danced , used 以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的動詞要改y為i再加ed(此類動詞較少)如study studied carry carried worry worried (注意play、stay不是輔音字母加y,所以不屬于此類) 雙寫最后一個字母(此類動詞較少)如stoppedB、不規(guī)則動詞(此類詞并無規(guī)則，須熟記)小學(xué)階段要記住以下動詞的原形和過去式：sing sang , eat ate ,see saw , have had , do did , go went , take took , buy bo

17、ught , get got , read read,fly flew , am/is was ,are were , say said , leave left , swim swam , tell told , draw drew , come came , lose lost , find found , drink drank , hurt hurt , feel felt(3)一般將來時：基本結(jié)構(gòu)： be going to + do;will+ do. be going to = willI am going to go swimming tomorrow(明天). = I will

18、 go swimming tomorrow.(4)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時: am,is,are+動詞現(xiàn)在分詞動詞現(xiàn)在分詞詳解 動詞的ing形式的構(gòu)成規(guī)則： 一般的直接在后面加上ing , 如doing , going , working , singing , eating 以e 結(jié)尾的動詞，要先去e再加ing，如having , writing 雙寫最后一個字母的(此類動詞極少)有：running , swimming , sitting , getting第三部分：句法1.陳述句(1)肯定句：是指用肯定的語氣來陳述的句子，如：Im a student. She is a doctor. He work

19、s in a hospital.There are four fans in our classroom. He will eat lunch at 12:00. I watched TV yesterday evening.(2)、否定句：含有否定詞或表示否定意義詞的句子，如：Im not a student. She is not (isnt) a doctor.He does not (doesnt) work in a hospital. There are not (arent) four fans in our classroom.He will not (wont) eat lu

20、nch at 12:00. I did not (didnt) watch TV yesterday evening.2. 疑問句一般疑問句：是指詢問事實的句子，此類句子必須用“yes”，或“no”來回答。特殊疑問句：以特殊疑問詞(what , where , who , which , when , whose , why , how等)開頭引導(dǎo)的句子。此類句子應(yīng)該問什么就答什么，不能用“yes 、no”來回答。3.There be句型There be 句型與have, has的區(qū)別1、There be 句型表示：在某地有某物(或人)x kb 1.c om2、在there be 句型中，主語

21、是單數(shù)，be 動詞用is ; 主語是復(fù)數(shù)，be 動詞用are ; 如有幾件物品，be 動詞根據(jù)最*近be 動詞的那個名詞決定。3、there be 句型的否定句在be 動詞后加not , 一般疑問句把be 動詞調(diào)到句首。4、there be句型與have(has) 的區(qū)別：there be 表示在某地有某物(或人);have(has) 表示某人擁有某物。5、some 和any 在there be 句型中的運(yùn)用：some 用于肯定句， any 用于否定句或疑問句。6、and 和or 在there be句型中的運(yùn)用：and 用于肯定句， or 用于否定句或疑問句。7、針對數(shù)量提問的特殊疑問句的基本

22、結(jié)構(gòu)是：How many + 名詞復(fù)數(shù) + are there + 介詞短語?How much + 不可數(shù)名詞 + is there + 介詞短語?8、針對主語提問的特殊疑問句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是：Whats + 介詞短語?2016年小升初英語必考句子大全三年級上冊句子1. Hello! Hi!2. Hello! Im Wu Yifan. Im from China.3. Whats your name?4. My names Chen Jie.5. I have a pencil. Me too.6. Good morning. Good afternoon.7. This is Miss Whit

23、e. Nice to meet you.8. Where are you from? Im from America.9. Lets go to school. OK.10. . How many cakes? One cake11. How are you? Im fine, thank you.12. Lets paint. Great13. I like green. Me too.14. I have a rabbit.15. Cool! Super! Great! Wow!16. May I have a look? Sure.17. Here you are. Thank you.

24、 Youre welcome18. I like hamburgers. Me too19. Have some French fries.20. Can I have some chicken? Sure.21. How old are you? Im nine.三年級下冊句子1. Where are you from? Im from America.2. Good morning! Good afternoon!3. Class, we have a new friend today.4. Whos that woman? Shes my mother。5. Whos that man?

25、 Hes my father.6. Whos this boy? My brother.7. I have a new kite. Oh, its beautiful.8. How many kites can you see? I can see 12.9. The black one is a bird. Oh, how nice!10. How many crayons do you have? I have 16 crayons.11. Open it and see. Thats right.12. Do you like peaches? Yes, I do. /No, I don

26、t.13. What about pears? Oh, I like them very much.14. Lets have some peaches and pears.15. Have some fruits. Thank you, Miss White.16. Sorry, I dont like bananas.17. Can I have an apple, please? Certainly.18. Have some more? No, thank you.19. Where is my car? Its under the chair.20. Excuse me. Can I

27、 use your pencil? No problem.21. Here you are. Thank you!22. Come on, children. Look at the elephant.23. Wow! Its so big! Its so funny!24. It has a long nose and a short tail.25. It has small eyes and big ears.26. Look at the giraffe. Oh, its so tall.27. The giraffe is tall. The deer is short.28. Yo

28、ure tall. Im short. Youre right.29. Lets fly it. OK.30. What a big fish!四年級上冊句子1. Whats in the classroom?2. This is Zhang Peng, our new classmate.3. We have a new classroom.4. Where is my seat? It is near the door.5. Lets clean the classroom. Good idea!6. Let me clean the board. All right.7. It is n

29、ice and clean! Good job!8. What colour is the schoolbag? Its black and white.9. May I have a look? Sure. Here you are.10. My schoolbag is heavy.11. What is in the schoolbag?12. How many picture-books do you have?13. My friend is strong. He has short hair.14. I have a new friend. He likes sports. She

30、 likes music.15.Whats his name ? His name is Zhang Peng.16. Whats her name ? Her name is Amy.17. Is this your bedroom? Yes, it is./No, it isnt.18. I have a new eraser.19. Is she in the study? No, she isnt. Shes in the kitchen.20. Where are the keys? They are in the door.21 Are they on the table? No,

31、 they arent.22. Whats for dinner? Rice, fish and vegetables.23. What would you like for dinner? Id like some rice and soup.24. Everythings ready. Thanks /Thank you.25. Dinners ready! Your forks and knives.26. Help yourself! Thank you.27. I can use chopsticks. Let me try.28. MmYummy, I like Chinese f

32、ood. Me too.29. We had a good time. See you tomorrow.30. How many people are there in your family? Three.31. Who are they? My parents and me.32. My family has seven members.33. Whos this man? Hes my uncle.34. Whos this woman? Shes my aunt.35. Is this your aunt? Yes, she is. /No, shes my sister.36. W

33、hats your mother? Shes a teacher.37. Whats your father? Hes a doctor.38. Are they farmers? Yes, they are. / Yes, youre right.四年級下冊句子1. Where is the canteen? Its on the first floor.2. This is the teachers office. That is my classroom.3. How many students are there in your class? Forty-five.4. Do you

34、have a library? Yes!5. The canteen is on the first floor.6. This is my computer. That is your computer.7. Is this a teachers desk? Yes, it is.No, it isnt.8. Is that the art room? Yes, it is.No, it isnt.9. What time is it? Its nine oclock.10. Its time for English class. Breakfast is ready!11. School

35、is over. Lets go to the playground.12. Lets go home. Im ready.13. Its 7:05. Its time to go to school.14. Its 8:30 .Its time for music class.15. I like the white sweater with the green skirt.16. I like the blue dress.17. Where is my skirt?18. What color is it? Blue.19. Is this your skirt? Yes, it is.

36、/No. it isnt. My T-shirt is red.20. Is that your T-shirt? No, its not.21. Whose is it? Its my Tshirt.22. Whose is this? Its your baby brothers!23. What are they? These are your baby pants. Theyre so small.24. Are those my shoes? Yes. But what for?25. Our neighbor has a new baby!26. This is the weath

37、er report. Its cool in Lhasa.27. Can I wear my new shirt today? No, you cant. /Yes, you can.28. Its warm today. You can wear your new shirt.29. Can I wear my T-shirt? Yes, you can.30. What are you doing? Not much.31. Whats the weather like in Beijing? Its rainy today.32. How about New York? Its sunn

38、y.33. Whats the matter?34. Its windy now. I have to close the window.35. Look at that dress. Its colorful. Its very pretty.36. Can I help you? Yes.37. How much is this dress? Its ninety-nine Yuan.38. What size? Size five.39. Are they all right? Yes, they are.40. How much are they? Theyre thirty-five

39、 Yuan.41. What are they? They are goats.42. Are they sheep? No, they arent. They are goats.43. Are they horses? No, they arent .They are donkeys.44. Look at the hens. They are fat.45. How many cows do you have? One hundred.46. What do you see in the picture? I see five cats.47. Are these tomatoes? Y

40、es, they are. /No, they arent.48. What are these? They are carrots.五年級上冊句子1. Whos your math teacher? Mr. Zhao.2. Whats he like? Hes thin and short. Hes very kind.3. Whos that young lady? Shes our principal.4. Is she strict? Yes, she is.5. Is she active? No, she isnt. Shes quiet.6. I have a new math

41、teacher. Her class is so much fun.7. What day is it today? Its Monday.8. What do you have on Wednesdays?9. We have English, science, computer and P.E.10. What do you do on Saturdays?11. I often do my homework.12. What about you? I do my homework too.13. What would you like for lunch? Id like some to

42、matoes and mutton.14. What do you have for lunch today?15. I have eggplant and tomatoes.16. Its tasty. Its my favorite.17. Whats your favorite food? Fish.18. I dont like grapes. Theyre sour.19. Are you helpful at home? Youre helpful.20. What can you do? I can sweep the floor.21. Just do it!22. Can y

43、ou set the table? Yes, I can. No, I cant.23.I have my own room now.24. Whats it like?25. There is a big closet, a new air-conditioner and a new mirror.26. There are blue curtains.27. Where is the trash bin? Its near the table.28. There is a forest in the nature park.29. Is there a river in the park?

44、 Yes, there is. No, there isnt.30. There are many small houses in my village.31. Are there any bridges in your village? Yes, there are.32. Are there any tall buildings in your village? No, there arent.五年級下冊句子1. When do you eat dinner? I eat dinner at 7:00 in the evening.2. When do you get up? I usua

45、lly get up at 12:00 noon.3. What do you do on the weekend?4. Usually I watch TV and go shopping. Sometimes I visit my grandparents.5. I often play football. Sometimes I go hiking.6. Whats your favorite season? Winter.7. Which season do you like best? Fall.8. Its always sunny and cool.9. I can play w

46、ith snow.10. Why do you like spring? Because I can plant trees.11. When is your birthday? My birthday is in June.12. Is your birthday in June, too? No. My birthday is in December.13. Its October 1st, our National Day.14. Who has a birthday in October? Me.15. Whats the date? Its October 1st.16. What

47、are you doing? I an doing the dishes.17.What is your father doing? Hes writing an e-mail.18. This is Nina. Can I speak to your mom, please?19. Please hold on. Theres a call for you.20. I see the mother elephant.21. What is she doing? She is walking.22. What about the baby elephant?23. What is it doi

48、ng? Its running.24. What are the elephants doing? Theyre drinking.25. What is Mike doing? Hes watching insects.26. What are you doing? Im watching my classmates.27. Where are they? They are in the woods.28. Are they catching butterflies? No, they arent. /Yes, they are.29. Where is Zhang Peng? Hes in the woods.30. Is he taking pictures? Yes, he is. /No, he isnt.六年級上冊句子1. How do you go to school, Sarah?2.Usually I go to school on foot.3.Sometimes I go by bike.4.How can I get to