初中英語(yǔ)主系表結(jié)構(gòu)講解_第1頁(yè)
初中英語(yǔ)主系表結(jié)構(gòu)講解_第2頁(yè)
初中英語(yǔ)主系表結(jié)構(gòu)講解_第3頁(yè)
初中英語(yǔ)主系表結(jié)構(gòu)講解_第4頁(yè)
初中英語(yǔ)主系表結(jié)構(gòu)講解_第5頁(yè)
已閱讀5頁(yè),還剩135頁(yè)未讀, 繼續(xù)免費(fèi)閱讀

下載本文檔

版權(quán)說(shuō)明:本文檔由用戶提供并上傳,收益歸屬內(nèi)容提供方,若內(nèi)容存在侵權(quán),請(qǐng)進(jìn)行舉報(bào)或認(rèn)領(lǐng)

文檔簡(jiǎn)介

1、I am TomI am Tom簡(jiǎn)單句簡(jiǎn)單句 概念概念:只有一個(gè)主謂結(jié)構(gòu),且句子的各個(gè)成:只有一個(gè)主謂結(jié)構(gòu),且句子的各個(gè)成 分都只有單詞、詞組或短語(yǔ)充當(dāng)?shù)木渥咏泻?jiǎn)分都只有單詞、詞組或短語(yǔ)充當(dāng)?shù)木渥咏泻?jiǎn)單句。單句。簡(jiǎn)單句的五種基本句型簡(jiǎn)單句的五種基本句型n主語(yǔ) +謂語(yǔ)(不及物動(dòng)詞)+(狀語(yǔ)) eg : A bird can fly . 鳥會(huì)飛鳥會(huì)飛n主語(yǔ) +謂語(yǔ)(連系動(dòng)詞)+ 表語(yǔ) eg: she is away from home . 她不在家她不在家n主語(yǔ) +謂語(yǔ)(及物動(dòng)詞)+ 賓語(yǔ) eg: I love you . 我愛(ài)你我愛(ài)你n主語(yǔ) +謂語(yǔ)(及物動(dòng)詞)+ 雙賓(間接賓語(yǔ)和直接賓語(yǔ)) eg

2、eg: He shows me his passport . 他把護(hù)照給我看他把護(hù)照給我看n主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ) + +謂語(yǔ)(及物動(dòng)詞)謂語(yǔ)(及物動(dòng)詞)+ +賓語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)+ +賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ) egeg: I wish all of you happy .: I wish all of you happy . 我祝你們大家幸福我祝你們大家幸福 主系表結(jié)構(gòu)主系表結(jié)構(gòu)l主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ) (Subject) 主語(yǔ)是一句話的中心,表示所說(shuō)的是什么,其位置一般放在句首,英語(yǔ)中主語(yǔ)一般不省略。主語(yǔ)主要由名詞、動(dòng)名詞、代詞或起名詞作用的短語(yǔ)貨從句來(lái)充當(dāng)。 eg: Li Lei is a Chinese boy .(Li lei

3、 是名詞,作主語(yǔ)) eg: He is from England .(He是代詞,作主語(yǔ))l 系動(dòng)詞系動(dòng)詞(Link verb) 簡(jiǎn)單的說(shuō),將主語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)聯(lián)系在一起,并構(gòu)成一個(gè) 系動(dòng)詞系動(dòng)詞是聯(lián)系動(dòng)詞的簡(jiǎn)稱,顧名思義,它是起到聯(lián)系作用的動(dòng)詞,是連接主語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)的。系動(dòng)詞的數(shù)量是有限的,常見的只有十來(lái)個(gè),我們把它們分成四組,這樣有助于我們記憶系動(dòng)詞: 一、 be動(dòng)詞類: am、 is 、are 、was 、were 二、 表示變化類:become、 get 、 turn 、 grow 、go 三、 感官動(dòng)詞類: 眼(look )耳(sound)鼻(smell)舌(taste)身(feel) 四、 表

4、示延續(xù)性的動(dòng)詞 :remain 、stay 、keep 完整句子的動(dòng)詞叫做系動(dòng)詞。目前學(xué)到的系動(dòng)詞有:Be、feel、look、sound、taste、seem、smell. eg: This flower isis beautiful . eg: I feltfelt very tired . eg: You looklook worried . l表語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)(predicative) 表語(yǔ)是用來(lái)修飾主語(yǔ)的,說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的身份、性質(zhì)、品性、特征和狀態(tài)的,表語(yǔ)位于系動(dòng)詞之后。 eg: I am fine . He is a boy . We are here . He is not at home

5、. YI m(not)tenAre you ten?Yes ,I am./No ,I m not .Youre (not)lateAm I late?Yes ,you are./No , youre not .He(She ,It ) is (not)hereIs he here?Yes , he is./No, he isntWere (not) students Are you students?Yes ,we are ./No ,we arentYoure (not)right .Are we right?Yes ,you are ./No , you arent .Theyre (no

6、t) at homeAre they at home?Yes ,they are ./No ,they arent .口訣口訣 我跟am你跟are, is連著他她它, 單數(shù)主語(yǔ)跟is, 復(fù)數(shù)主語(yǔ)全跟are, 變疑問(wèn),be提前, 句末問(wèn)號(hào)別忘記, 變否定,更容易, be加not要牢記。代詞代詞(1)-人稱代詞人稱代詞 人稱代詞 I you he she it we you theyMy name is Tom詞類詞類詞類詞類英文名稱英文名稱作用及意義作用及意義例詞例詞名詞noun(n.)表示人或事物的名稱Tom ,pen ,class , work , water代詞pronoun(pron.)

7、代替名詞、數(shù)詞等 I, me ,mine ,this ,both 形容詞adjective(a.)表示人或事物的特征good, tall ,red ,young 副詞adverb(ad .)表示動(dòng)作等的特征Very ,hard ,slowly 數(shù)詞numeral(num .)表示數(shù)目或順序One , first, fifth動(dòng)詞verb(v .)表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)is ,do ,have ,get , sing ,ask 冠詞article(art .)用在名詞前說(shuō)明意義a ,an ,the 介詞preposition(prep .)說(shuō)明詞與詞關(guān)系at, in ,on ,behind 連詞conj

8、unction(conj .)連接詞與詞或句與句and ,but ,or ,so 感嘆詞interjection(interj .)表示感情或口氣hi ,hello ,oh 代詞(代詞(2)-物主代詞物主代詞人稱人稱代詞代詞Iyouhesheitweyou they物主物主代詞代詞myyourhisheritsouryourtheir These are books主系表結(jié)構(gòu)(主系表結(jié)構(gòu)(2)-These are This is (not) a book .Is this a book ?Yes, it is . No ,It isnt .That is (not) a pen .Is tha

9、t a pen ? Yes, it is .No, it isnt.These are (not) books .Are these books ?Yes, they are . No, they arent.Those are (not) pens .Are those pens ?Yes, they are .No, they arent.注意:注意: 1.主語(yǔ)為主語(yǔ)為this 或或that的一般疑問(wèn)句,答的一般疑問(wèn)句,答句中主語(yǔ)要用句中主語(yǔ)要用it 而不用而不用this 或或that . 2.主語(yǔ)為主語(yǔ)為these 或或those的一般疑問(wèn)句,的一般疑問(wèn)句,答句中主語(yǔ)要用答句中主語(yǔ)要用t

10、hey而不用而不用these或或those. 選擇疑問(wèn)句選擇疑問(wèn)句 1.選擇疑問(wèn)句不可用選擇疑問(wèn)句不可用Yes或或No回答,其他選擇選擇的兩個(gè)部回答,其他選擇選擇的兩個(gè)部分語(yǔ)法成分必須相同分語(yǔ)法成分必須相同. Is he tall or short ? He is short . 3.選擇疑問(wèn)句是由選擇疑問(wèn)句是由or連接的連接的.2.選擇疑問(wèn)句的語(yǔ)調(diào)是前升后選擇疑問(wèn)句的語(yǔ)調(diào)是前升后 降降. Is he tall or short ?3.選擇疑問(wèn)句是由選擇疑問(wèn)句是由or連接的連接的. Is he tall or short ?Is he tall or short ?He is short .I

11、s this your pen or her pen ?Its her pen .Are you eleven or twelve ?I am twelve .Are these bikes old or new ?They are new .練習(xí)題練習(xí)題一、主系表結(jié)構(gòu)(用主系表結(jié)構(gòu)(用am ,is ,are am ,is ,are 填空)填空) 1.That banana _ yellow. 2.What _ these ? “Theyre sheep . ” 3.The child _ in the room . 4._these your oranges? Yes , they _ .

12、5.I _ seven years old . areisisAreaream二、按要求完成句子按要求完成句子. 1.This is an apple .(變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)) 2.Those apples are red .(變?yōu)榉穸ň? 3.These books are new . (變?yōu)橐话阋?問(wèn)句) These are apples.Those apples are not red.Are these books new? 4.Are these bananas ?(作肯定回答) 5.They are cups .(對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)) Yes , they are.What are they?三

13、、選擇疑問(wèn)句選擇疑問(wèn)句. 1. Is she thin or fat ?(用fat作答) 2. Is the bay(海峽) new or old ?(用new作答) 3.你的英語(yǔ)老師老還是年輕?你的英語(yǔ)老師老還是年輕?She is fat.The bay is new.Is your English teacher young or old? 4.Those are hens. (用ducks改為選擇疑問(wèn)句) 5.Is your father tall or short ?(用short作答)Are those hens or ducks?He is short. Those are bus

14、es名詞(名詞(2)-名詞復(fù)數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)n名詞詞尾加名詞詞尾加s單詞情況單詞情況構(gòu)成構(gòu)成例句例句一般情況一般情況直接加直接加sbookbooks pig-pigs tree-treess , x , sh , ch 結(jié)尾結(jié)尾加加esbox-boxes bus-buses輔音字母加輔音字母加y 結(jié)尾結(jié)尾y變變 i再加再加escity-citieso結(jié)尾結(jié)尾加加sphoto-photos tomato-tomatoes加加esf ( fe )結(jié)尾結(jié)尾f(fe)變vesknife-knives一般規(guī)則名詞復(fù)數(shù)一般規(guī)則名詞復(fù)數(shù) 一般規(guī)則名詞,只需在該名詞后加一般規(guī)則名詞,只需在該名詞后加s,即即構(gòu)成復(fù)數(shù)

15、。構(gòu)成復(fù)數(shù)。 1.清輔音音素結(jié)尾s,讀/s/ : deskdesks 2.濁輔音音素結(jié)尾s,讀/z/ : bedbeds 3.元音音素結(jié)尾s,讀/z/ : playplays特殊規(guī)則名詞復(fù)數(shù)u1.以/s/、/z/、/ / 、/ /、/ /等讀音結(jié)尾的名詞,加(e)s構(gòu)成復(fù)數(shù),讀/. classclasses dishdishesu 2.以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾名詞變y為 i ,再加 es ,讀作/z/. babybabies storystoriesu 3.以字母o結(jié)尾的名詞變復(fù)數(shù). 有的加s, zoozoos bamboo-bamboos photo-photos kilo-kilos pia

16、no-pianos video-videos radio -radios kangaroo-kangaroos有的加 es, hero-heroes potato-potatoes tomato-tomatoes 英雄愛(ài)吃西紅柿和土豆。英雄愛(ài)吃西紅柿和土豆。 注意:注意:無(wú)論加s還是es,都讀作/z/. 特殊名詞單、復(fù)數(shù)特殊名詞單、復(fù)數(shù) 1.單、復(fù)數(shù)同行單、復(fù)數(shù)同行 deer(鹿)、sheep 、fish、Chinese Japanese 2.只用作復(fù)數(shù)只用作復(fù)數(shù) people(人們) police(警察) cattle(牛群) a people(民族) 3.不規(guī)則變化不規(guī)則變化 manmen

17、 woman-women foot-feet child-children tooth-teeth mouse-mice 練習(xí)題一、根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)完成句子,每空一詞。一、根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)完成句子,每空一詞。 1._(誰(shuí))are the men under the tree ? _(他們)are our teachers . 2.Those are not _(你的)shoes. _(他們)are Toms. 3.These are _(他們的)books. _(你們的)books are there . 4.This is _(我們的)teacher .WhoTheyTheyyouryourTheythei

18、rYourOur _(她)is from America. 5._(我)am a teacher . _(我的)father is a teacher , too.二、選詞填空. 1._(He/His) is Jack. _(He/His)cap is yellow . 2.Linda is my good friend. _(We/our)are in the same school .SheIMyHeHisWe 3. Whats _(you/your)name? My name is Mike. 4. We like _(we/our) school. 5. Is this your ba

19、g? No , it isnt . _(I/my)bag is in the desk .yourourMy Whats that ?主系表結(jié)構(gòu)(主系表結(jié)構(gòu)(3)-特殊疑問(wèn)句特殊疑問(wèn)句 1.自然語(yǔ)序自然語(yǔ)序 疑問(wèn)詞作主語(yǔ)或修飾主語(yǔ)時(shí),特殊疑問(wèn)句呈自然語(yǔ)序。 who invented the compass ? 誰(shuí)發(fā)明了指南針?誰(shuí)發(fā)明了指南針? 2.倒裝語(yǔ)序倒裝語(yǔ)序 疑問(wèn)詞作其他成分時(shí),特殊疑問(wèn)句呈半倒裝語(yǔ)序,疑問(wèn)詞+助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+其他部分。 what are you boss doing ? 老板在干什么?老板在干什么?注意:注意: 如果謂語(yǔ)是連系動(dòng)詞,或是如果謂語(yǔ)是連系動(dòng)詞,

20、或是have(有有) 這樣的特殊疑問(wèn)句呈倒裝語(yǔ)序,即:疑這樣的特殊疑問(wèn)句呈倒裝語(yǔ)序,即:疑問(wèn)詞問(wèn)詞+連系動(dòng)詞(或連系動(dòng)詞(或have)+主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+其它其它部分部分. What people is BBC English for? 英語(yǔ)是為什么人服務(wù)的?英語(yǔ)是為什么人服務(wù)的?Whats this / that ? Its bird .What are these / those ?They re sheep .What colour is your shirt? My shirt is green . Its green.What colour are your shoes ?My shoes

21、are blue .They are blue .What is your name ?My name is Rob .Who is she ?She s our teacher .What is she ?She is a teacher .How old are you ?I m eleven .What is he like ? He s tall .疑問(wèn)詞的使用疑問(wèn)詞的使用一、用一、用What 提問(wèn)提問(wèn) 問(wèn)“什么”如: This is a knife .-What is this ? 這是小刀。 -這是什么? 1.問(wèn)“職業(yè)”如: What is he ? -He is a typist

22、. 他是干什么的?-他是個(gè)打字員。 What do you do ? -Im a teacher . 你是干什么的? -我是當(dāng)老師的。 2.問(wèn)“人口、面積、年齡、形狀、距離、 號(hào)碼、數(shù)”。 What is the shape of her eyes ? 她的眼睛是什么樣子? 3.問(wèn)“長(zhǎng)度、高度、寬度、深度、厚度、 重量”。 What weight is the elephant ? 這頭象有多重? 4.問(wèn)“大小、尺碼、價(jià)格、顏色”。 What is the size of the suitcase ? 這只手提箱有多大? 二二. How的用法的用法 1.問(wèn)問(wèn)“多少多少” How much su

23、ccess did he have ? 他取得了多大的成功? 2.問(wèn)問(wèn)“價(jià)格價(jià)格” How much is the shoes? 3. 問(wèn)問(wèn)“數(shù)量數(shù)量” How much do you want ? 你要多少? 4.問(wèn)問(wèn)“程度程度” How much do you like it ? 你有多喜歡它。三三.短語(yǔ)用法短語(yǔ)用法. how long 時(shí)間多長(zhǎng)、多久時(shí)間多長(zhǎng)、多久 how soon 多久多久 how far 多遠(yuǎn)多遠(yuǎn) how old 年齡多大年齡多大 how often 多頻繁多頻繁 how tall(high、long、wide、thick、deep多高、長(zhǎng)、寬、厚、深。多高、長(zhǎng)、寬、

24、厚、深。) how large 多大多大 how many 多少多少 代詞(代詞(3)-名詞性物主代詞名詞性物主代詞形容詞性物主代詞myyourhisheritsouryour their名詞名詞性物性物主代主代詞詞mine yourshishersitsoursyourstheirs名詞(名詞(2)-名詞所有格名詞所有格 一、s式所有格 1.在單數(shù)名詞和無(wú)s結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞后加s,構(gòu)成s所有格. Tom s cat . 湯姆的貓 2.以s結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞后只加 girls school 女校女校 3.以s結(jié)尾的專有名詞后加s或 Mr Joness car 瓊斯先生的汽車 4.組合詞的s加在最后一

25、個(gè)詞后面. an hour or twos time 一兩個(gè)小時(shí)的時(shí)間 二、of 式所有格 of +名詞構(gòu)成of式所有格,修飾前面的名詞.它可用來(lái)表示這兩個(gè)名詞之間的所屬關(guān)系.這種所有格多用于無(wú)生命無(wú)生命的的名詞. the legs of the table(=the tables legs) 桌子的腿注意:注意: 有些表達(dá)只能用of 結(jié)構(gòu)式 . the cost of living 生活費(fèi)用 the price of success 成功的代價(jià) the freedom of speech 言論自由 三、雙重所有格三、雙重所有格 of 加s 所有格或of +名詞性物主代詞,這種格叫雙重所有格.

26、 He is a friend of mine .他是我的一個(gè)朋友 of +名詞性物主代詞,也屬雙重所有格. He is a friend of hers .他是她的一個(gè)朋友. 名詞(名詞(2)-名詞所有格名詞所有格 Whose shirt is this ? Its Janes skirt. / Its Janes . Its her skirt . / Its hers . Whose caps are these ? Theyre Jims caps ./ Theyre Jims . Theyre his caps ./ Theyre his . 練習(xí)題練習(xí)題名詞所有格名詞所有格 Jan

27、e( ) boy( ) dog( ) Teachers( ) students( ) James( )或( ) Bob and Rob( ) room Bob( ) and Rob ( ) room today( ) China( ) the legs ( ) the table What time is it ?三種時(shí)間表示法三種時(shí)間表示法 三種時(shí)間表示法三種時(shí)間表示法 4:05 6:20 1:35 11:50點(diǎn)數(shù)點(diǎn)數(shù)+分?jǐn)?shù)分?jǐn)?shù)(直讀法直讀法)four o fivesix twentyone thirty-fiveeleven fifty分?jǐn)?shù)(分?jǐn)?shù)(1-30)+past+該點(diǎn)數(shù)該點(diǎn)數(shù)(過(guò)式過(guò)

28、式)five past fourtwenty past six分?jǐn)?shù)(分?jǐn)?shù)(31-59)+to+下一點(diǎn)數(shù)下一點(diǎn)數(shù)(差式差式) twenty-five to twoten to twelve時(shí)間表示法時(shí)間表示法 What time is it ? = (Whats the time ?) Itssix (oclock) . 六點(diǎn)整六點(diǎn)整six thirty .half past six. . 六點(diǎn)半六點(diǎn)半eleven forty five . 11:45 a quarter to twelve . 12:15注意注意 1.分鐘是分鐘是15時(shí)一般用時(shí)一般用a quarter 來(lái)代來(lái)代替替fiftee

29、n,分鐘分鐘 是是30時(shí)一般用時(shí)一般用half來(lái)來(lái)代替代替thirty . 2. a.m.( = in the morning 表示上午表示上午 ). p.m.( = in the afternoon 表示下表示下午午) . Its time for.該是該是.的時(shí)候了的時(shí)候了 介詞介詞for后面跟名詞,如:后面跟名詞,如:class ,school , breakfast, lunch, supper , sports ,bed 等。等。 Its time to后跟動(dòng)詞后跟動(dòng)詞. Its time to go to school . 數(shù)詞所有格數(shù)詞所有格 數(shù)詞還可以用所有格形式及加連字?jǐn)?shù)詞還

30、可以用所有格形式及加連字符相當(dāng)于形容詞。符相當(dāng)于形容詞。 one weeks meeting five minutes walk a one-week meeting a five minutes walk a ten-year-old girl 練習(xí)題1.用英語(yǔ)表示下列時(shí)間用英語(yǔ)表示下列時(shí)間. 1:20 3:55 8:05 10:30 12:15 12:30 one : twentyfive to foureight o fivehalf past tena quarter twelvehalf past twelve2.仿照 例句寫句子.Model 1:6:00 get up Its si

31、x oclock .Its time to get up .Model 2:7:00 school Its seven oclock .Its time for school . 1. 7:10 go to school 2. 7:45 go to the classroom 3. 16:20 play football 4. 17:40 go back home 5. 20:55 go to bed 6. 9:00 class3.按要求寫句子。 1.What time is it ?(同義句) 2.Its time for breakfast .(同義句) 3.Twenty and five

32、 is twenty-five .(就畫線部分提問(wèn)) _ _ twenty and five ? 4.Its seven twenty now .(就畫線部分提問(wèn)) _ _ is it now ? What s the time ? Its time to have breakfast .How muchWhattimeTwo and three is five數(shù)詞(數(shù)詞(1)-基數(shù)詞基數(shù)詞 1.概念:表示概念:表示 數(shù)目的詞叫基數(shù)詞數(shù)目的詞叫基數(shù)詞. onetwothreefourfivesixseveneightnineteneleventwelvethirteenfourteenfift

33、eensixteenseventeeneighteennineteentwentyTwenty-onethirtyforty fiftysixty seventyeightyninety one hundreda hundred 101 one hundred and one 236 Two hundred and thirty six注意:注意:A.1在數(shù)字開頭時(shí),既可譯成在數(shù)字開頭時(shí),既可譯成a ,也可譯成也可譯成 one .如:如: 146 :a(one)hundred and forty-six 1038:a(one)thousand and thirty-eightWhats two

34、 and three?Two and three is (are)five.Whats nine plus six?Nine plus six is fifteen . Its fifteen.How much is forty-one minus thirty-two?Its nine. Im in Row one . Im in class two . Im live in Room 302 .練習(xí)題練習(xí)題1.單項(xiàng)選擇.( )Its time _class. A . for B .to C .on ( )Its time _. A .go to school B. go school C

35、.to go to school( )Its _(8:30).we must start to work now. A .eight thirty B. eighty-thirty C .thirty -eightyACA ( ) Whats the time ? Its _. A .nine B .mine C .nice ( ) What _ ten and eleven ? Its _. A .is ,twenty B. is , twenty-one C. are ,twenty-one ( ) _is your English teacher ? He is forty . A .h

36、ow much B .How old C .What ABA Where is my bag ? 英語(yǔ)中表示地點(diǎn)的介詞很多,主要有以下這些: at, in,over, under, above, below, down, before, behind, between, among, on, up, 等1. at與in的用法 at表示“在地點(diǎn)”,通常指某一點(diǎn)的位置。in表示“在內(nèi)”,通常指一個(gè)(有長(zhǎng)、寬、高的)立體的地方。如:The car pulled up at the gate. 車停在大門口。What is in the box? 盒子里面有什么?2.on, over,above, u

37、nder, below的用法 (1)on表示“在(平面)上”。如:There is colour TV set on the desk. 桌子上有一臺(tái)彩電。(2)above和over都表示“在上方”,都沒(méi)有接觸面, over表示在正上方 above不一定在正上方 如:The plane is flying above the clouds. 這架飛機(jī)正在云層的上方飛行。There is a lamp over the table. 桌子的上方有一盞燈。 (3) under和below都表示“在下方”, under表示在正下方; below不一定在正下方。如:The peasants are h

38、aving a rest under the tree. 農(nóng)民們正在樹下休息。The sun sank below the horizon. 太陽(yáng)沉到地平線以下。3.before與after的用法 before表示“在的前面”; after表示“在后面”。 Dont put the cart before the horse. 不要把大車放在馬的前面。 (諺語(yǔ):不要本末倒置。)The object should be placed after the verb. 賓語(yǔ)應(yīng)該放在動(dòng)詞的后面。4.between與among的用法 between表示“在(兩者)之間”。among表示“在(兩者以上)之

39、間”。Is there any difference between the two words? 這兩個(gè)詞之間有什么區(qū)別嗎?1.at+點(diǎn) at home on+面 on the wall in+體 in the door beside(在旁邊) next to 挨著 in front of (在前面) 在正前面在正前面 in the front of (在前部) 在里面的前面在里面的前面2. in +大地方大地方,at+小地方小地方 He arrived at the village .(或或 in Beijing) 昨天他到達(dá)了那個(gè)村莊昨天他到達(dá)了那個(gè)村莊 . 3. across+表面 t

40、hrough+空間 The river runs through our city, across the fields and then into the sea . 那條河穿過(guò)我們城市,流經(jīng)田野,然后匯入大海。4.among+多者 between+兩者5.at the corner (of) 表示在.的拐角(外面外面) in the corner (of) 表示在的拐角(里面里面)6.at home , in ones home .介詞介詞介詞(介詞(1)-表示地點(diǎn)的介詞表示地點(diǎn)的介詞 Where is Tom? Hes at home . Where is my pen? Its on

41、the desk. Wheres her brother? Hes in his room . Where are my shoes? They are under the bed . Where are the balls? They are behind the door.英語(yǔ)中表示時(shí)間的介詞很多,主要有以下這些:at, on,in, after,for,since, by,till,until等。1.at的用法 時(shí)間介詞at表示時(shí)刻或時(shí)間的某一點(diǎn)。如:at 4: 30 (noon, dawn, midnight. )在4: 30(中午、黎明、午夜)2.on的用法 時(shí)間介詞on表示日期及某

42、天的上午、下午、晚上等 on Sunday (Oct. 1. )在星期日(10月1日) 。 3.in的用法 (1)時(shí)間介詞in表示“時(shí)段,時(shí)期”,在多數(shù)情況下可以和during互換,前者強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)比,后者強(qiáng)調(diào)持續(xù)。如:in (during) 1987在1987年in (during) the 21st century在21世紀(jì)但是如果表示“在某項(xiàng)活動(dòng)的期間”,則只能用during。如:during my military service (the trip. )在我服役期間(在旅行期間)(2)時(shí)間介詞in表示以說(shuō)話時(shí)間為基點(diǎn)的“若干時(shí)間以后”,常用于謂語(yǔ)是將來(lái)時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。 如要表示“若干時(shí)間內(nèi)”

43、,則常用within。試比較:The meeting will end in 30 minutes. 會(huì)議30分鐘以后結(jié)束。Can you finish it within 30 minutes? 你能在30分鐘之內(nèi)完成這件事嗎?但是在過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)中,in和within的意思一樣,并都可用于表示“在若干時(shí)間以內(nèi)”,這時(shí)不要誤用during。如:The job was done during a week. (x)The job was done in a week. () 表示時(shí)間的介詞表示時(shí)間的介詞When is your birthday?Its (on) May 10 . 在某一天用在某一天

44、用onWhen is Childrens day ?Its (on) June 1I usually get up at six . 在某一時(shí)刻用在某一時(shí)刻用 atI usually do my homework in the evening . 在某一時(shí)段用在某一時(shí)段用 in1.at+時(shí)間點(diǎn) in+時(shí)間段2.on +具體的某日或某日的早.午.晚等。 on Monday 在星期一 on May 1st 在五月一日 on the morning of May 1st 在五月一日早晨3.on+節(jié)假日 on New Years Day .在元旦4.for+時(shí)間段 since+過(guò)去的時(shí)間點(diǎn) for 4

45、8 years 48年 since 1949 自從1949年以來(lái)5.in+時(shí)間段(與將來(lái)時(shí)連用) He will come back in two hours . 他兩小時(shí)后回來(lái). after+時(shí)間段(與過(guò)去瞬間動(dòng)作連用) He came back after two hours . 兩小時(shí)候后他回來(lái)了.This is an apple冠詞(1) 冠詞是一種不能單獨(dú)使用的虛詞,只能附在一個(gè)名詞上,幫助說(shuō)明名詞的含義。 不定冠詞a(an)用于單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前,表示指,說(shuō)明名稱和種類,具有一個(gè)的意思.可數(shù)名詞單詞可數(shù)名詞單詞可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)不可數(shù)名詞不可數(shù)名詞泛指泛指a bookbooksw

46、ater特指特指the bookthe booksthe water不定冠詞a / an 的用法1.用于第一次提到的單數(shù)名詞前. I saw an advertisement in the newspaper . 我在報(bào)上看到一則廣告.2.用于單數(shù)名詞表示類別. Clarke is a musician . 克拉克是個(gè)音樂(lè)家。3.表示某一 He works in a factory . 他在一家工廠工作.4.表示泛指 A bike has two wheels . 自行車有兩個(gè)輪子.5.表示同一性,常出現(xiàn)在be of 結(jié)構(gòu)中,相當(dāng)與the same.6.用于沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù)形式的表示動(dòng)作的單數(shù)名詞前7

47、.表示一,相當(dāng)于one.aa bog ,a u , a useful book用于輔音開頭的單詞前,泛指某一事物。anan apple, an hour ,ans用于元音開頭的單詞前,泛指某用于元音開頭的單詞前,泛指某一事物。一事物。定冠詞 the 的用法1.特指前面提到的人或事。 Ill get on the 9:15 a.m. train . 我坐上午9:15的火車。注意注意:不管什么名詞,凡表示特指的,一般都要用the .2.指談話雙方心中有數(shù)的人和事。 Open the window ,please.3.指世上獨(dú)一無(wú)二的事物,如:the sun(太陽(yáng))4.用在復(fù)數(shù)名詞前面,指全體。5.

48、與形容詞連用,指這一類人或物. the rich (富人富人) 6.用來(lái)表示所有關(guān)系,相當(dāng)于物主代詞。 John hit me in the face . 約翰打了我一個(gè)耳光。7.用與專有名詞. the Great wall 長(zhǎng)城長(zhǎng)城 the West Lake 西湖西湖8.固定搭配 the the(越越) Open the door ,please.說(shuō)話雙方都知道的事物說(shuō)話雙方都知道的事物.Its a new pen .The pen is hers.前面提到過(guò)的事物前面提到過(guò)的事物.The book on the desk is mine .有限制性定語(yǔ)修飾的名詞有限制性定語(yǔ)修飾的名詞前前

49、練習(xí)題練習(xí)題1.We went to London _ October,1997 A、 in B 、on C、 at2. Taiwan is _ the east of Fujian. A 、in B、 at C、 to3. _ the morning of June 27, they visited the Great Wall. A 、In B、 At C、 On D、 From4. My room is _ the third floor. A 、at B、 on C、 in D、 toAcCB5.They will leave a week _ today. A 、from B 、on

50、 C、 by D 、for6. My uncle lives _ 105 Beijing Street. A、 on B 、at C 、to D、 ofAB ( ) 1 Han Meimei is _ Chinese girl. Lucy is _ English girl.A. a; a B. an; an C. a; an D. an; a ( ) 2 A little boy wrote_ U and_ n on the wall.A. a; an B. an; a C. an; an D. a; a ( ) 3 _ old lady in brown is_ university pr

51、ofessor.A. An; a B. An; / C. The; an D. The; a ( ) 4 There are sixty minutes in _ hour.A. an B. the C. a D. / CBDA ( ) 5. A computer is _useful tool in _ world today. A. an; the B. a; the C. the; the D. a; a ( ) 6. Fancy saw_ accident in the street yesterday. A. the B. a C. an D. / ( ) 7. Now he is

52、_ artist. I have known him since he was _ one-year-old boy.A. a; an B. a; a C. an; an D. an; a ( ) 8. Which is bigger _ elephant or _ horse?ACDB A. a; the B. an; a C. the; an D. an; the( ) 9._monkey can climb _ trees. A. /; the B. A; / C. The; a D. /; /( ) 10. _ rains are faster than _ buses.A. /; /

53、 B. The; / C. /; the D. The; a ( )11.There is _ old bike. _ old bike is Mr Zhaos.A. an ;The B. the;An C.a;The D.the;The( )12.The museum is quite far. It will take you half _ hour to get there by _ bus.A. an;/ B . an ; a C .a ;/ D./;/BAAAThere is a pen in the box1.There be結(jié)構(gòu)1.there be 結(jié)構(gòu)中there 本身無(wú)詞義,

54、其后 be的動(dòng)詞be具有存在之義,所以是一實(shí)義動(dòng)詞。(1.)there be 結(jié)構(gòu)中主語(yǔ)一般都指不確定 的事物。 There is a lamp on the table . 桌上有一盞燈。(2.)there be (is/are) there is 用于單數(shù)名詞. there are 用于復(fù)數(shù)名詞. there be用于:(各種一般時(shí)態(tài)、完成 時(shí)態(tài)、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、被動(dòng)式。) There hasnt been any rain for some days. (完成時(shí)態(tài)) There must be something wrong . (情態(tài)動(dòng)詞)(3.)there be 結(jié)構(gòu)還可以用疑問(wèn)式,將be

55、移至there 之前,回答用Yes或No, 后接簡(jiǎn)略回答。 Is there a telephone in your room? 你房間有電話嗎? Yes,there is . No,there isnt. (4.) there be 結(jié)構(gòu)的否定有兩種構(gòu)成方法. 1.將否定副詞not 加在be之后構(gòu)成。 There isnt a telephone in the room . 2.在主語(yǔ)前加不定代詞no. There is no smoking here .there be 結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu)There is a pen in the box .There are two books on the de

56、sk .There isnt a pen in the box .There arent two books on the desk .Is there a pen in the box .Yes ,there is .No , there isnt .Are there two books on the desk ?Yes ,there are . No ,there arent .How many pens are there in the box ?Theres only one .How much books are there on the desk ?There are two .

57、 There be 句型表示句型表示某處有某物某處有某物句中的主語(yǔ)是句中的主語(yǔ)是be后面的名詞。后面的名詞。There is a pen in the box .單數(shù)主語(yǔ)用單數(shù)主語(yǔ)用is There are two books on the desk .復(fù)數(shù)主語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)主語(yǔ)用are There is a pen and two books on the desk .并列主語(yǔ)按并列主語(yǔ)按離動(dòng)詞離動(dòng)詞be最近的主語(yǔ)最近的主語(yǔ)確定確定 Is there any water in the cup ?1.1.somesome 不定代詞some具有名詞、形容詞性質(zhì)既可人,也可以指物。(1)通常用于表示不定數(shù)

58、或不定量,修飾可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞,幾個(gè)、一些。 He asked me some question. (可數(shù)名詞) Give me some water,please . (不可數(shù)名詞)(2)用于修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞某個(gè) Hes living at some place in East Asia . 他住在東亞的某個(gè)地方。 (3)用于表示對(duì)比,須重讀。 I enjoy some music,but not much of it . 我喜歡一些音樂(lè),但不多。(4)相當(dāng)于名詞,后+of some of the food 一些食物(5)一般用于肯定句. The mother is doing some

59、 washing now . 媽媽正在洗衣服.2. any (1) 通常用于疑問(wèn)句中. Is there any water in the cup? (2) 用于否定句中或從句中,常與 never、without、hardly等連用. (3) 用于由if 或whether引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句 Let me know if you hear any news. 我想知道你聽到什么消息沒(méi)有。(4)用于固定習(xí)語(yǔ) any number of 許多 At any rate 不管怎樣 3.no 不定代詞no只有形容詞性質(zhì),在句中作定語(yǔ),no表示否定,沒(méi)有,不是 (1) 用于there is(are)等于not

60、any. Ive got no home. 我沒(méi)有家 There are no letters for you today . 今天沒(méi)有你的信. (2) 用于連系動(dòng)詞之后,等于not a ,但語(yǔ)氣更強(qiáng). He is no friend of mine . 他才不是我的朋友. (3) 用于警告、命令等標(biāo)識(shí). No smoking ! 不許吸煙 No parking! 禁止停車(4)no 表示程度表示程度 = not any (5) 用于固定習(xí)語(yǔ)用于固定習(xí)語(yǔ) no longer 不再 no such 沒(méi)有 no way 沒(méi)門 no time沒(méi)有時(shí)間 no telephone 沒(méi)有電話 no pro

溫馨提示

  • 1. 本站所有資源如無(wú)特殊說(shuō)明,都需要本地電腦安裝OFFICE2007和PDF閱讀器。圖紙軟件為CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.壓縮文件請(qǐng)下載最新的WinRAR軟件解壓。
  • 2. 本站的文檔不包含任何第三方提供的附件圖紙等,如果需要附件,請(qǐng)聯(lián)系上傳者。文件的所有權(quán)益歸上傳用戶所有。
  • 3. 本站RAR壓縮包中若帶圖紙,網(wǎng)頁(yè)內(nèi)容里面會(huì)有圖紙預(yù)覽,若沒(méi)有圖紙預(yù)覽就沒(méi)有圖紙。
  • 4. 未經(jīng)權(quán)益所有人同意不得將文件中的內(nèi)容挪作商業(yè)或盈利用途。
  • 5. 人人文庫(kù)網(wǎng)僅提供信息存儲(chǔ)空間,僅對(duì)用戶上傳內(nèi)容的表現(xiàn)方式做保護(hù)處理,對(duì)用戶上傳分享的文檔內(nèi)容本身不做任何修改或編輯,并不能對(duì)任何下載內(nèi)容負(fù)責(zé)。
  • 6. 下載文件中如有侵權(quán)或不適當(dāng)內(nèi)容,請(qǐng)與我們聯(lián)系,我們立即糾正。
  • 7. 本站不保證下載資源的準(zhǔn)確性、安全性和完整性, 同時(shí)也不承擔(dān)用戶因使用這些下載資源對(duì)自己和他人造成任何形式的傷害或損失。

最新文檔

評(píng)論

0/150

提交評(píng)論