必修三unitgrammar啟用PPT教案

1、會計學1必修三必修三unitgrammar啟用啟用從句的語用功能從句的語用功能 英語復合句一般有三大類：英語復合句一般有三大類：名詞性名詞性(主語主語、賓語、表語和同位語、賓語、表語和同位語)從句；形容詞性從句；形容詞性(定定語語)從句；副詞性從句；副詞性(狀語狀語)從句。從句。 在復合句中起在復合句中起名詞作用名詞作用的從句叫的從句叫名詞性名詞性從句。從句。 第1頁/共48頁主語、賓語、表語、同位語、介詞賓語主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句第2頁/共48頁His job is important.What he does is important.This is his job.Th

2、is is what he does every day. 第3頁/共48頁 I dont like his job.I dont like what he does every day.I dont know about the man, Mr. White.I dont know about the fact that he is a teacher. 第4頁/共48頁Noun clauses as the object第5頁/共48頁 賓語從句在復合句中起賓語作用，可以作動詞賓語從句在復合句中起賓語作用，可以作動詞的賓語，也可以作介詞和形容詞的賓語。引導賓語的賓語，也可以作介詞和形容詞的

3、賓語。引導賓語從句詞有從句詞有:連詞連詞 that，if，whether；連接代詞連接代詞who，whose，what，which, whom連接副詞連接副詞when，where，how， why賓語從句賓語從句第6頁/共48頁The Object Clause(1)that引導賓語從句時無詞義，也不充當引導賓語從句時無詞義，也不充當任何成分任何成分,可被省略?？杀皇÷?。 I think (that) women can reach very high achievements in many fields of science.一，連詞一，連詞1. that引導的賓語從句引導的賓語從句第7頁

4、/共48頁The Object ClauseA.介詞后的介詞后的that不能省略。不能省略。 Peter is a good student except that he is sometimes careless. (2)一般情況下一般情況下that是可以省略的，但在下列幾是可以省略的，但在下列幾 種情況下，種情況下，that一般不省略。一般不省略。(4種種)第8頁/共48頁The Object ClauseB. 并列連詞并列連詞and連接兩個或兩個以上賓語連接兩個或兩個以上賓語從句，從句，and前面的前面的that可省略，可省略，and后面的后面的that不能省略。不能省略。 My unc

5、le says (that) he has served here for twenty years and that he is going to retire next month.第9頁/共48頁The Object ClauseC. 賓語從句中有其他從屬連詞時，賓語從句中有其他從屬連詞時，that不不能省略。能省略。 He told me that if it was necessary they would work all night.第10頁/共48頁D. 在可以接復合賓語的動詞之后，如think, make, consider等，可以用it作形式賓語，而把真正的賓語從句后置，在

6、這種情況下that不能省略 e.g. I thought it strange that he failed to call me我覺得奇怪：他沒給我打電話。The Object Clause第11頁/共48頁2.由if/whether引導的賓語從句The Object Clause(1)從屬連詞從屬連詞whether/if做做“是否是否”講時，常講時，常用在用在ask, care, know等動詞后引出帶有疑問等動詞后引出帶有疑問意義的賓語從句，意義的賓語從句，從句保持陳述語序從句保持陳述語序，whether和和if不擔當句子成分不擔當句子成分,只起連接作用。只起連接作用。I wonder

7、whether/if she remembered how many babies she had delivered.第12頁/共48頁(2)在下列情況下一般只用whether,而不用if(多用whether少用if)1.引導主語從句并放在句首時引導主語從句并放在句首時2.引導表語從句時引導表語從句時3.引導從句做介詞賓語時引導從句做介詞賓語時4.從句后有從句后有or not時時5.后接動詞不定時后接動詞不定時6.做做discuss等詞的賓語時等詞的賓語時Whether she comes or not make no difference.The question is whether i

8、ts worth trying. It all depends on whether they will help us. He doesnt know whether to stay or not.第13頁/共48頁第14頁/共48頁二. 連接代詞和連接副詞who,whom,whose,what,which和連接副詞how,when,where,why這些連詞都有詞義，除了引導從句外，還在從句中充當一定的成分。這種從句有疑問意義，但不是疑問句，不能用疑問語序，而要用陳述語序。 The Object Clause第15頁/共48頁 The Object Clause1.Do you know

9、who/whom Jack was speaking to?2.He asked whose car it was.3.Pay attention to what the doctor said.4.Please tell me when the earthquake took place.5.Will you tell me how I can keep fit and healthy?第16頁/共48頁在think, believe, suppose, expect等動詞之后的賓語從句中，如果從句謂語是否定含義，則不用否定形式,而將主句謂語動詞think等變?yōu)榉穸ㄐ问? e.g. I do

10、nt think you are right 我想你是不對的。賓語從句中的一些注意事項賓語從句中的一些注意事項1，賓語從句中的否定轉移，賓語從句中的否定轉移第17頁/共48頁（1）主句使用現(xiàn)在時，從句可使用任何時態(tài)；（2）主句使用一般過去時，從句除表示“真理”可使用現(xiàn)在時態(tài)外，一律使用過去時態(tài)。I think that you are right.Lin Tao thought the TV play was very boring. My brother told me that the earth is round.2.賓語從句的時態(tài)取決于主句的時態(tài)第18頁/共48頁She insiste

11、d that they (should) show her their passports.He suggested that we (should) have a further discussion about the final decision.3.在suggest, insist, order, demand, request, command等表示“建議，命令，要求，欲望”等詞后面的賓語從句使用虛擬語氣，(should) +V原形。第19頁/共48頁 4，語序問題第20頁/共48頁whenif/whetherwhatwhose在下列各空白處填上適當?shù)倪B接詞，使句意通順。第21頁/共

12、48頁根據(jù)漢語完成句子。 第22頁/共48頁Noun clauses as the predicative第23頁/共48頁1. that 引導的表語從句引導的表語從句 that 僅起連接作用，無意義，在句中不僅起連接作用，無意義，在句中不作任何成分，通常不可省略。這種從句作任何成分，通常不可省略。這種從句往往是對主句主語的內(nèi)容起進一步解釋往往是對主句主語的內(nèi)容起進一步解釋的作用。的作用。e.g. The fact is that we have lost the match.在從句中作表語的從句稱作表語從句。表語從句表語從句第24頁/共48頁2. whether 引導的表語從句 連接詞whe

13、ther起連接作用， 意為“是否、究竟、到底”（注意：if不能引導表語從句) 在句中也不作任何成分。e.g. The question is whether that man will turn up in time.第25頁/共48頁3. what, which, who, whom, whose引導的表語從句 連接代詞what, which, who, whom, whose除在句子中起連接作用外，還可在從句中充當主語、表語、定語，且各有各的詞義。The Predicative Clause第26頁/共48頁e.g. Tom is no longer what he used to be.

14、 The question is which of us should come first. The problem is who is really fit for the hard job. The important thing is whose name should be put on the top of the list.第27頁/共48頁4. where, when, why, how引導的表語從句 連接副詞where, when, why, how除在句中起連接作用外，在從句中還充當時間、地點、方式、原因狀語，本身具有詞義。The Predicative Clause第28

15、頁/共48頁e.g. Thats where I cant agree with you. This is why Sara was late for the meeting. This is how they overcome the difficulties. My strongest memory is when I attended an American wedding.第29頁/共48頁5. 其他連詞as if, because, as, as though 引導的表語從句 because引導表語從句通常只用于“This/That/It is because”結構中。 as if/

16、though引導的表語從句常置于連系動詞look, seem, sound, be, become等后面，常用虛擬語氣，表示不存在的動作或狀態(tài)。The Predicative Clause第30頁/共48頁e.g. It sounds as if/though somebody was knocking at the door. My anger is because you havent written to me for a long time.第31頁/共48頁高考鏈接1.-Are you still thinking about yesterdays game? -Oh, thats_

17、 . (2003北京春季)A. what makes me feel excitedB. whatever I feel excited about C. how I feel about it D. when I feel excited A解析解析： 這是由這是由what 引導的一個表語從句，在從句中充引導的一個表語從句，在從句中充當主語，這句話的意思為：那是使我感到興奮的事。故當主語，這句話的意思為：那是使我感到興奮的事。故答案為答案為A。第32頁/共48頁2.-I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week. -Is that_ you had

18、 a few days off? (NMET1999)A.why B.when C.what D.where 解析:這是一個由why引導的表語從句,表示原因.這句話的意思是這就是你離開的原因嗎?。故答案為A。A第33頁/共48頁3.Perseverance is a kind of quality and thats _ it takes to do anything well. ( 2002上海春季) A. what B. that C. which D. why 解析:what在表語從句中作takes的賓語,構成It takes sth. to do sth.的句型。答案為A。A第34頁/

19、共48頁4.When you answer questions in a job interview, please remember the golden rule: Always give the monkey exactly_ he wants . (2002上海春季) A.what B.which C.when D.that 解析:這是一個賓語從句,wants后面缺少賓語,Always give the monkey exactly what he wants是一句諺語,意思是永遠給予他人他確實想要的東西。故答案為A。A第35頁/共48頁Review賓語從句在復合句中起賓語的作用，可以

20、作動詞的賓語，也可以作介詞的賓語。表語從句在復合句中作句子的表語。第36頁/共48頁第37頁/共48頁1. The best moment for the football star was _ he scored the winning goal. （2014北京）A. where B. when C. how D. why 2. Pick yourself up. Courage is doing _ youre afraid to do. (2014福建)A. that B. what C. how D. whether 第38頁/共48頁3. As John Lennon once s

21、aid, life is _ happens to you while you are busy making other plans. (2014湖南)A. which B. that C. what D. where 4. What a mess! You are always so lazy! Im not to blame, mum. I am _ you have made me. (2014江蘇)A. howB. whatC. thatD. who 第39頁/共48頁5. At first he hated the new job but decided to give himse

22、lf a few months to see _ it got any better. (2009北京) A. when B. how C. why D. if6. The little girl who got lost decided to remain _ she was and wait for her mother. (2009山東) A. where B. what C. how D. who 第40頁/共48頁7. We havent discussed yet _ we are going to place our new furniture. (2010全國I) A. tha

23、t B. which C. what D. where8. Cindy shut the door heavily and burst into tears. No one in the office knew _ she was so angry. (2010湖南) A. where B. whether C. that D. why第41頁/共48頁 9. I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays. Thats _ I dont agree. You should have a more ac

24、tive life. (2010江蘇) A. where B. how C. when D. what10. One reason for her preference for city life is _ she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants. (2010上海) A. that B. how C. what D. why第42頁/共48頁11. Weve offered her the job, but I dont know _ shell accept it. (2011山東) A. where B. what C. whether D. which12. The villagers have already known _ well do is to rebuild the bridge. (2011江西) A. this B. that C. what D. which第43頁/共48頁13. Id like to start my own business thats _ Id do if I had the money. (2011陜西) A. why