年口語大賽---圖表描述

1、口語大賽培訓(xùn)教案（一）-現(xiàn)場描述（看圖說話）一、圖表描述應(yīng)注意的問題1)  總趨勢的描述必須準(zhǔn)確，要看出總的規(guī)律、趨勢，抓住特征。2）要突出重點(diǎn),抓住圖表中的極端點(diǎn)。如：最大或最小、最多或最少、最好和最差。3）圖表往往提供大量數(shù)據(jù)，選手應(yīng)該仔細(xì)觀察分析，從中選擇有效信息，圖表上資料、數(shù)據(jù)的描述必須選擇重點(diǎn)，不能事無巨細(xì)，一一列出。4）充分利用圖表中提供的文字或說明。同樣，圖表中沒有的信息不能憑主觀任意捏造。5）說明、描述圖表時應(yīng)該注意動詞時態(tài)，屬于過去發(fā)生的應(yīng)該用一般過去時，屬于經(jīng)常發(fā)生的應(yīng)該用一般現(xiàn)在時。6）句子結(jié)構(gòu)要力求有變化，不要總是一個句型，尤其要注意分詞短語和其它小短語的穿

2、插運(yùn)用。7）應(yīng)該熟練掌握一些固定句型和表達(dá)方式。并要將這些表達(dá)練熟，不要出錯。8）文章的結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)該規(guī)范。即：introduction, main body and conclusion三個部分。通常開頭30個字左右，中間100個字左右，結(jié)尾20到30個字。二、 圖標(biāo)描述常識1、圖形種類及概述法數(shù)據(jù)圖表：a data graph/chart/diagram/illustration/table 餅圖：pie chart 表格圖：table 直方圖或柱形圖：bar chart / histogram 趨勢曲線圖：line chart / curve diagram 流程圖或過程圖：flow char

3、t / sequence diagram 程序圖：processing/procedures diagram 圓柱圖：column chart 描述：Show/describe/illustrate/apparent/reveal/represent/demonstrate/indicate/depict 2、圖表中的數(shù)據(jù)（Data）具體表達(dá)法1）數(shù)據(jù)（Data）在某一個時間段固定不變：fixed in time在一系列的時間段中轉(zhuǎn)變：changes over time持續(xù)變化的data在不同情況下：增加：increase / raise / rise / go up 減少：decrease

4、/ grow down / drop / fall 波動：fluctuate / rebound / undulate / wave 穩(wěn)定：remain stable / stabilize / level off 最常用的兩種表達(dá)法：動詞+副詞形式（Verb+Adverb form）形容詞+名詞形式（Adjective+Noun form）2）表示數(shù)據(jù)變化的單詞或者詞組rapid/rapidly迅速的，飛快的，險峻的dramatic/dramatically戲劇性的，生動的significant/significantly有意義的，重大的，重要的sharp/sharply銳利的，明顯的，急劇

5、的steep/steeply急劇升降的steady/steadily穩(wěn)固的，堅定不移的gradual/gradually漸進(jìn)的，逐漸的slow/slowly緩慢的，不活躍的slight/slightly輕微的、略微地stable/stably穩(wěn)定的3）其它在描述中的常用到的詞significant changes圖中一些較大變化noticeable trend明顯趨勢during the same period在同一時期grow/grew增長distribute分布，區(qū)別unequally不相等地in the case of adv.在的情況下in terms of / in respect

6、of / regarding在方面in contrast相反，大不相同government policy政府政策market forces市場規(guī)率measure n.尺寸，方法，措施v.估量，調(diào)節(jié)forecast n.先見，預(yù)見v.預(yù)測三、我們已經(jīng)提過圖表作文可細(xì)分為表格、曲線圖、柱形圖和圓形圖。弄懂這四種圖在寫作方面的各自特點(diǎn)，我們才可以寫好這種類型的作文：1）表格形式要求考生對表格中所給出的大量數(shù)字進(jìn)行比較分析，從中找出其變化規(guī)律。2）曲線圖形式要求考生認(rèn)真觀察坐標(biāo)系所顯示的數(shù)據(jù)信息，并且密切注意交匯在坐標(biāo)橫軸和縱軸上的數(shù)字及單位。3）柱形圖形式要求考生通過寬度相等的柱形的高度或長度差別來

7、判斷事物的動態(tài)發(fā)展趨勢，因此考生應(yīng)密切關(guān)注坐標(biāo)線上的刻度單位及圖表旁邊的提示說明與文字。4）圓形圖形式旨在要求考生準(zhǔn)確理解并闡述一個被分割成大小不等切片的圓形圖所傳達(dá)的信息?？忌鷳?yīng)清楚掌握部分與整體，部分與部分之間的相互關(guān)系，這種關(guān)系通常是以百分比的數(shù)字形式給出的。四、一些較常用的描述用法 The table/chart diagram/graph shows (that) According to the table/chart diagram/graph As (is) shown in the table/chart diagram/graph As can be seen from t

8、he table/chart/diagram/graph/figures, Figures/statistics shows (that). It can be seen from the figures/statistics We can see from the figures/statistics It is clear from the figures/statistics It is apparent from the figures/statistics Table/chart/diagram/graph figures (that)The table/chart diagram/

9、graph shows （that）It can be seen from the figures/statisticsWe can see from the figures/statisticsTable/chart/diagram/graph shows/describes/illustrates how1. As is shown by the graph, （概述圖表）in the table.e.g. 正如曲線所示，最近54年來該國人口飛速增長。As is shown by the graph, there has been a rapid increase in the popul

10、ation of the country in the past five years.2. It can be seen from the table that （得出結(jié)論）shown graph; concluded figures; estimated statisticse.g. A. 從表中所給的統(tǒng)計數(shù)字可以看出，從1985年到1990年中國的人均收入迅速提高。From the statistics given in the table it can be seen that the average personal income of the Chinese people incr

11、eased (grew 、rose) rapidly from 1985 to 1990.B. 從曲線圖可以得出結(jié)論，最近5年來中國人口的出生率已經(jīng)大大下降。It can be concluded from the graph that there has been a great decline in birth rates in China in the past five years.3. amount to （數(shù)量總計）add up to come to sum up toe.g. 全部費(fèi)用合計200美元。All the expenses (costs) amount to (= ad

12、d up to) $ 200.4. increase from to （數(shù)量增減） decrease /rise / fall /drope.g. A. 這個工廠生產(chǎn)的彩電已由1986年的5000臺增加到1990年的21000臺。The number of color TV sets produced by the factory increased (rose, grew, climbed) from 5000 in 1986 to 21000 in 1990.B.參加者的人數(shù)增加到30萬。The number of participants grew up to 300000 person

13、s = increased, reaching 300000 persons).C. 這個學(xué)校的教職工人數(shù)已減少到700人。The number of teaching staff members in this school has decreased to 700 persons.5.（be）three times as + 形容詞 + as 總產(chǎn)量 total output 鋼的年產(chǎn)量 the annual output of e.g. 上升17% rise by 17per cent steel日產(chǎn)量 the daily output 導(dǎo)致產(chǎn)量下降 result in a dimini

14、shed output 現(xiàn)在我們地區(qū)的糧食產(chǎn)量相當(dāng)于1970年的3倍。The grain production (= output)in our area now is three times as great as that of 1970.6.Compared with , e.g. 與去年相比，今年13項主要產(chǎn)品的產(chǎn)量都有大幅度增長。Compared with that of last year, the output of 13 main products (= items) this year has increased to a great extent.7.There is (w

15、as) a rapid rise in be on the rise/ has been sharp increase on the increase/ sudden decrease on the decline/ steady decline/ gradual fall/ slow drop/ slighte.g.最近幾年來這個地區(qū)的棉花產(chǎn)量有了迅速增長。The cotton output in this area has increased rapidly in the past few years.“結(jié)尾”段落中常用的句型：1. In my opinion, 2. Personally

16、, I 3. In short (= In brief), 4. In conclusion, 5.As far as Im concerned, 6. To conclude , it seems clear that 至于說到我，我贊成前一種觀點(diǎn)。所以，我的結(jié)論是，只要我們堅持正確的東西，改正錯誤的東西，我們就一定能成功。As far as Im concerned, Im in favor of the former view. Therefore, my conclusion is that we are certain to succeed as long as we stick t

17、o what is right and correct what is wrong.五、英語圖表寫作套句精選1. The table shows the changes in the number ofover the period fromto該表格描述了在年之年間數(shù)量的變化。2. The bar chart illustrates that該柱狀圖展示了3. The graph provides some interesting data regarding該圖為我們提供了有關(guān)有趣數(shù)據(jù)。4. The diagram shows （that）該圖向我們展示了5.the pie graph d

18、epicts （that）該圓形圖揭示了6. This is a cure graph which describes the trend of這個曲線圖描述了的趨勢。7.the figures/statistics show （that）數(shù)據(jù)（字）表明8. The tree diagram reveals how該樹型圖向我們揭示了如何9.the data/statistics show （that）該數(shù)據(jù)（字）可以這樣理解10. The data/statistics/figures lead us to the conclusion that這些數(shù)據(jù)資料令我們得出結(jié)論11. as is

19、shown/demonstrated/exhibited in the diagram/graph/chart/table如圖所示12. according to the chart/figures根據(jù)這些表（數(shù)字）13. As is shown in the table如表格所示14.as can be seen from the diagram，great changes have taken place in從圖中可以看出，發(fā)生了巨大變化。15. from the table/chart/diagram/figure，we can see clearly thator it is cle

20、ar/apparent from the chart that從圖表我們可以很清楚（明顯）看到16. This is a graph which illustrates這個圖表向我們展示了17. This table shows the changing proportion of a & b fromto該表格描述了年到年間a與b的比例關(guān)系。18. the graph，presented in a pie chart， shows the general trend in該圖以圓形圖形式描述了總的趨勢。19. This is a column chart showing這是個柱型圖，

21、描述了20.as can be seen from the graph，the two curves show the fluctuation of如圖所示，兩條曲線描述了的波動情況。21. Over the period fromtotheremained level.在至期間，基本不變。22. In the year betweenand在年到期間23. in the 3 years spanning from 1995 through 19981995年至1998三年里24. From then on/from this time onwards從那時起25.the number ofr

22、emained steady/stable from （month/year） to （month/year）。月（年）至月（年）的數(shù)量基本不變。26. The number sharply went up to數(shù)字急劇上升至27. The percentage ofstayed the same betweenand至期間的比率維持不變。28.the figures peaked atin（month/year）的數(shù)目在月（年）達(dá)到頂點(diǎn)，為29. The percentage remained steady at比率維持在30. The percentage ofis slightly la

23、rger/smaller than that of的比例比的比例略高（低）。31. There is not a great deal of difference betweenand 與的區(qū)別不大。32. the graphs show a threefold increase in the number of該圖表表明的數(shù)目增長了三倍。33decreased year by year whileincreased steadily.逐年減少，而逐步上升。34.the situation reached a peak（a high point at） of %.的情況（局勢）到達(dá)頂（高）點(diǎn)，

24、為百分點(diǎn)。35. The figures/situation bottomed out in 數(shù)字（情況）在達(dá)到底部。36. The figures reached the bottom/a low point/hit a trough. 數(shù)字（情況）達(dá)到底部（低谷）。37. A is times as much/many as b.a是b的倍。38. A increased by a增長了39. A increased to a增長到40. high/low/great/small/ percentage 比低高（低）41. There is an upward trend in the n

25、umber of 數(shù)字呈上升趨勢。42. A considerable increase/decrease occurred fromto到發(fā)生急劇上升。43. fromtothe rate of decrease slows down.從到，下降速率減慢。44.from this year on，there was a gradual decline reduction in the，reaching a figure of從這年起，逐漸下降至45. be similar to 與相似46. Be the same as 與相同47. There are a lot of similarit

26、ies/differences betweenand與之間有許多相似（不同）之處48. a has something in common with b a于b有共同之處。49. The difference between a and b lies ina與b之間的差別在于50（year）witnessed/saw a sharp rise in 年急劇上升口語大賽培訓(xùn)教案（二）-現(xiàn)場描述（看圖說話）一、圖表常用經(jīng)典句子：圖表常用經(jīng)典句子： 開頭： 1. As can be seen from the chart/graph/table. 2. It can be seen from the

27、 statistics that. 3. As revealed/shown/stated/noted in the picture. 4. The chart gives information that. 描述： 1. There was a rise/increase/upward trend from.to. 2. It has risen to an average of. 3. There was a fall/decrease/reduction/decline/drop/downward trend from.to. 4. It has fallen/dropped/decli

28、ned to. 結(jié)論： 1. From the analyses above, we can draw the conclusion that. 2. From the data we gathered from the above graph, we can conclude that. 3. According to the information gathered above, we may reach the conclusion that. 4. According to what has been discussed above, we can arrive at the conc

29、lusion that. 5. The graph reflects that. 用于引言段的句子： 1. When asked about.the majority of people say. 2. Nowadays, more and more people are beginning to realize the importance of. 3. With the development of.great changes have taken place in. 4. There is a general discussion about. 5. Many people often

30、ask this question. 6. There is no doubt that. 7. It is well-known/generally/said/argued/held that. 8. Some people argue/claim that. 用于擴(kuò)展段的句子 1. There are several reasons for.but in general, they come down to three major ones 2. It can be easily proved that. 3. None can deny that. 4. There are many f

31、actors that may account for.but the following are the most typical ones 5. Many ways can contribute to solving this problem, but the following ones may be most effective 6. Generally speaking, the advantages can be listed as follows 7. In many cases, however, there is something beyond our expectatio

32、n, yet we can compare and contrast all the relevant factors and find a way out in between 8. We can take it for granted that. 提出與前面相反的觀點(diǎn)： 1. As a popular saying goes, “A coin has two sides." 2. But as most other things, it has its own problems. 3. However, it is not without shortcomings. 4. But

33、 things are changing from place to place/from time to time/from person to person, and nothing should be taken in isolation.5. Besides, we cant neglect the fact that. 6. In spite of the advantages, it also has its own disadvantages. 7. Different people have different views on. 8. When it comes to. 9.

34、 Despite their similarities, A and B are also different. 10. The most striking difference is that A., while B. 提出自己的觀點(diǎn)： 1. Contrary to the popular thought, I prefer. 2. As far as I am concerned. 3. While it is generally believed that.I argue that. 4. From my point of view. 5. In my opinion. 6. My vi

35、ew on it is as follows. 7. To tell you the truth. 用于結(jié)尾段的句子： 1. From/According to what has been discussed/analyzed above, we can draw/reach/come to/arrive at the conclusion that. 2. In a word/In brief/In conclusion. 3. It might be the time that some attention should be paid to. 4. Taking into account

36、 all these factors, we may safely arrive at the conclusion that. 5. It is high time that we put an end to the tendency of. 6. We must look for a immediate method/measure, if the current tendency is allowed to continue/proceed, it will surely/ certainly lead to/result in the heavy cost of. 7. No effe

37、ctive solution can be at hand to deal with the problem of.but the common/general recognition of the importance of.might be the first step towards. 8. There is no easy method to the problem of., but.might be helpful. 9. There is no doubt that special attention must be paid to the problem of. 10. It i

38、s necessary that effective action should be taken to prevent the situation. 11. It remains to be seen whether.but the prospect is not encouraging. 12. To reverse the trend is not an easy job, and it requires a keen consciousness of.習(xí)題一：假如你是李華，在最近的研究性學(xué)習(xí)當(dāng)中，受21世紀(jì)中學(xué)生英語報 （The 21st Century）之邀，你對你所在的班60名同學(xué)

39、（男女各半）進(jìn)行了上網(wǎng)目的的調(diào)查?，F(xiàn)將調(diào)查結(jié)果（如下表所示）用英語給報社的編輯寫一封信，報道此事，以引起輿論的關(guān)注，并提出你的觀點(diǎn)和建議。習(xí)題二：下列表格為某市1996年與2006年人們度假方式的情況比較，請按表格內(nèi)容寫一篇150詞左右的短文，并對度假方式變化原因加以簡要評析。年度19962006原因境外旅游11%22%收入增加海邊度假38%31%海水污染爬山野營11%34%回歸自然習(xí)題一：I have recently made a survey among 30 boys and 30 girls in my class about their purpose of getting on

40、the Internet. The girls favorite is chatting, but few boys like it. What the boys like to do most is playing games and the girls also like it. Both boys and girls like to read news or send e-mails on the Internet. Maybe they think its the most convenient way to get information from keeping in touch

41、with friends. As for studying, the numbers of boys and girls are equal, but altogether only several of them will use the Internet as a tool to study.In my opinion, useful as the Internet is, the students had better make better and wise use of it. Otherwise, its impossible for us to benefit from it.

42、Moreover, I also hope the parents will pay enough attention to their children using the Internet in their spare time.習(xí)題二：The way people spend their holidays changed a lot from 1996 to 2006.The table shows that a greater number of people spent their holidays traveling abroad in 2006. The rate of 2006

43、 (22%) doubled that of 1996 (11%). We are sure that the number will increase because with their incomes rising, more people can afford the journeys abroad.At the same time, the seaside attracted a lot of people. However, the rate slightly dropped from 38% in 1996 to 31% in 2006, the reason for which lies in the fact that sea water is being polluted. The polluted seaside is likely to drive more visitors away.The year 2006 saw a sharp increase in the number of people who went climbing and camping. The rate in 2006 (34%) was more than three times that in 1996 (11%).