【最新】九年級(jí)英語(yǔ) 中考復(fù)習(xí)三

1、句子的成分句子的成分Members of the Sentence預(yù)習(xí)預(yù)習(xí)1）I am a student.2）They are friends.3）We went to the movies yesterday.4）She is watching TV.5）He is going camping next week.6）-Where is Li Lei? -He has gone to Japan. 句子是由詞按照一定的語(yǔ)法結(jié)句子是由詞按照一定的語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)組成的。組成句子的各個(gè)部分叫做構(gòu)組成的。組成句子的各個(gè)部分叫做句子的成分，包括：主語(yǔ)、句子的成分，包括：主語(yǔ)、 謂語(yǔ)、表謂語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、賓

2、語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)。語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)。 主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)和和謂語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)是句子的主體部分。是句子的主體部分。主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)The Subject主語(yǔ)是謂語(yǔ)講述的對(duì)象，表示句主語(yǔ)是謂語(yǔ)講述的對(duì)象，表示句子所說的是子所說的是“什么人什么人”或或“什么事什么事物物”，一般由名詞、代詞、不定式或，一般由名詞、代詞、不定式或相當(dāng)于名詞的詞或短語(yǔ)等充當(dāng)。主語(yǔ)相當(dāng)于名詞的詞或短語(yǔ)等充當(dāng)。主語(yǔ)一般在句首。一般在句首。 Gina is from Australia.Lucy is an American girl.She often goes to the movies.We study in No.1 Mid

3、dle School.The classroom is very clean.Three plus five equals eight.To teach them English is my job.It is my job to teach them English.不定式作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，常用形式主語(yǔ)不定式作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，常用形式主語(yǔ)it句型句型Gina, Lucy,She,We,The classroom,Three plus five,To teach them English名名 詞詞Noun（n.）我們身邊存在著形形色色的人和物，我們身邊存在著形形色色的人和物，它們都有自己的稱呼，我們用來稱呼它

4、們它們都有自己的稱呼，我們用來稱呼它們的詞就是名詞。概括來說表示人、事物、的詞就是名詞。概括來說表示人、事物、地方、現(xiàn)象或抽象概念等的名稱的詞都叫地方、現(xiàn)象或抽象概念等的名稱的詞都叫名詞。名詞。 如：如： Tom,China,boy,door,pencil,peace代詞代詞Pronoun（pron.） 代詞是代替名詞的一種詞類。大代詞是代替名詞的一種詞類。大多數(shù)代詞具有名詞和形容詞的功能。多數(shù)代詞具有名詞和形容詞的功能。用來代替名詞、形容詞或數(shù)詞。用來代替名詞、形容詞或數(shù)詞。 如：如：we,that,his,what 1人稱代詞人稱代詞 物主代詞物主代詞 指示代詞指示代詞人稱代詞人稱代詞人稱

5、人稱單數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)主格主格賓格賓格主格主格賓格賓格第一人稱第一人稱 Imeweus第二人稱第二人稱 youyouyouyou第三人稱第三人稱 hesheithimherittheythem物主代詞物主代詞單數(shù)單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)第一第一人稱人稱第二第二人稱人稱第三人稱第三人稱第一第一人稱人稱第二第二人稱人稱第三人第三人稱稱形容詞形容詞性物主性物主代詞代詞myyourhisheritsouryourtheir名詞性名詞性物主代物主代詞詞mine yours hisheritsours yours theirs中文中文我的我的你的你的他的他的她的她的 它的它的 我們我們的的你們你們的的他他(她她,它它)

6、們的們的指示代詞指示代詞表示表示“這個(gè)這個(gè)”、“那個(gè)那個(gè)”、“這些這些”、“那些那些”等指示概念的代詞。等指示概念的代詞。 指示代詞指示代詞 用用 法法 例例 句句this(these)一般用來指時(shí)間一般用來指時(shí)間或空間上較近的或空間上較近的事物事物Is this your pencil?These are my friends.that(those)常用來指時(shí)間或常用來指時(shí)間或空間上較遠(yuǎn)的事空間上較遠(yuǎn)的事物物Is that his book?Those are my brothers.謂謂 語(yǔ)語(yǔ)The Predicate 說明主語(yǔ)說明主語(yǔ)“做什么做什么”、“是什么是什么”或者或者“怎么樣怎么

7、樣”。謂語(yǔ)（謂語(yǔ)部分里。謂語(yǔ)（謂語(yǔ)部分里主要的詞）必須用動(dòng)詞。謂語(yǔ)和主語(yǔ)主要的詞）必須用動(dòng)詞。謂語(yǔ)和主語(yǔ)在在“人稱人稱”和和“數(shù)數(shù)”兩方面必須一致。兩方面必須一致。 謂語(yǔ)一般在主語(yǔ)后面。謂語(yǔ)一般在主語(yǔ)后面。We are both quiet.He has a toothache.His parents are teachers.She looks well.We study hard.We have finished the job.He can speak English.are quiet;has a toothache;are teachers;looks well;study;have

8、 finished;can speak表表 語(yǔ)語(yǔ)The Predicative 說明主語(yǔ)說明主語(yǔ)“是什么是什么”或者或者“怎么樣怎么樣”，由名詞、形容詞或相當(dāng)，由名詞、形容詞或相當(dāng)于名詞或形容詞的詞或短語(yǔ)等充當(dāng)，于名詞或形容詞的詞或短語(yǔ)等充當(dāng)，和系動(dòng)詞一起構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)。和系動(dòng)詞一起構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)。 一般在一般在系動(dòng)詞后面系動(dòng)詞后面。Her mother is a bank clerk.Are you ready?Our country is getting stronger.You look younger than before.They are at home now.My book is on t

9、he desk.Everybody is here.a bank clerk;ready;getting stronger;younger;at home;on the desk;here賓賓 語(yǔ)語(yǔ)The Object 表示動(dòng)作、行為的對(duì)象，由名表示動(dòng)作、行為的對(duì)象，由名詞、代詞或相當(dāng)于名詞的詞或短語(yǔ)等詞、代詞或相當(dāng)于名詞的詞或短語(yǔ)等充當(dāng)，和及物動(dòng)詞一起說明主語(yǔ)充當(dāng)，和及物動(dòng)詞一起說明主語(yǔ)“做做什么什么”。 一般在謂語(yǔ)之后。一般在謂語(yǔ)之后。 All of us like him.Hes playing soccer.Can I ask some questions?She is playing

10、 the piano now.He often helps me.Lucy likes to sleep in the open air.We enjoy living in China.him;soccer;questions;the piano;me;to sleep;living定語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)The Attribute 用來修飾用來修飾名詞名詞或或代詞代詞。由形容詞、。由形容詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、名詞、介詞短語(yǔ)不定式或相代詞、數(shù)詞、名詞、介詞短語(yǔ)不定式或相當(dāng)于形容詞的詞或短語(yǔ)等充當(dāng)。當(dāng)于形容詞的詞或短語(yǔ)等充當(dāng)。 因?yàn)槊~、代詞既可做主語(yǔ)，又可做因?yàn)槊~、代詞既可做主語(yǔ)，又可做表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)，所以定語(yǔ)的位

11、置很靈活，凡表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)，所以定語(yǔ)的位置很靈活，凡有名詞、代詞的地方都可以有定語(yǔ)。有名詞、代詞的地方都可以有定語(yǔ)。I have something to do.Whats your name,please?Shes a good basketball player.The girl behind the tree is my sister.The little boy gave me a big apple.The black bike is mine.They made paper flower.to do;your;good;behind the tree;little, big;black

12、;paper狀語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)The Adverbial 用來修飾用來修飾動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞、形容詞形容詞或或副副詞詞，一般表示行為發(fā)生的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、，一般表示行為發(fā)生的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、目的、方式、程度等意義，通常由副目的、方式、程度等意義，通常由副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)不定式或相當(dāng)于副詞的詞、介詞短語(yǔ)不定式或相當(dāng)于副詞的詞或短語(yǔ)等來充當(dāng)。詞或短語(yǔ)等來充當(dāng)。People are all working hard.Beijing is not very cold in winter.He did it carefully.They want to see her very badly.Without his help,we co

13、uldnt work it out.Suddenly it began to rain.He sat there smoking.all,hard;very,in winter;carefully;badly;Without his help;Suddenly;there smoking補(bǔ)補(bǔ) 語(yǔ)語(yǔ) 英語(yǔ)中有些句子只有賓語(yǔ)并英語(yǔ)中有些句子只有賓語(yǔ)并不能表達(dá)完整的意思，還必須在賓語(yǔ)不能表達(dá)完整的意思，還必須在賓語(yǔ)后加上賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)才能表達(dá)完整的意后加上賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)才能表達(dá)完整的意思。思?！百e語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)”合稱復(fù)合賓合稱復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)。賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)主要用來說明賓語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)。賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)主要用來說明賓語(yǔ)

14、的特征、狀態(tài)或身份，主要由形容詞、特征、狀態(tài)或身份，主要由形容詞、名詞、副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、分詞等充當(dāng)。名詞、副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、分詞等充當(dāng)。I found it very difficult to find work.Yesterday he got his leg broken.We found Lily out when we arrived.The boss kept them working all day.I saw a stranger enter the building.If you let me go,I will make you king.Leave the door open

15、.very difficult;broken;out;working;enter the building;king;open 句子成分隨堂練句子成分隨堂練習(xí)習(xí) 找出下列各句中所包含的句子成找出下列各句中所包含的句子成分分Last week I went to the supermarket.Last week I went to the supermarket. 狀狀 主主 謂謂 狀狀The play was very interesting.The play was very interesting. 主主 系狀表系狀表I cant hear a word.I cant hear a wo

16、rd. 主謂主謂 賓賓They were talking loudly.They were talking loudly. 主主 謂謂 狀狀I(lǐng)t was Sunday.It was Sunday. 主主 系系 表表I never get up early on Sundays.I never get up early on Sundays. 主狀謂狀狀主狀謂狀狀I(lǐng) looked at the young man and the young woman angrily.I looked at the young man and the 主謂主謂 賓賓young woman angrily. 賓賓

17、 狀狀I(lǐng) read a few lines,but I didnt understand a word.I read a few lines,but I didnt 主主 謂謂 定定 賓賓 連連 主謂主謂understand a word. 謂謂 賓賓My holidays passed quickly,but I didnt send cards to my friends.My holidays passed quickly,but I 主謂狀主謂狀 連主連主didnt send cards to my friends.謂謂 賓賓 狀狀I(lǐng) got up early and bought t

18、hirty cards.I got up early and bought thirty cards. 主謂主謂 狀狀 連連 謂謂 定定 賓賓He is working for a big firm and he has already visited a great number of different places in Australia.He is working for a big firm and he has 主主 謂謂 狀狀 連主謂連主謂already visited a great number of different 狀謂狀謂 定定 定定places in Australia.賓賓 定定He has just bought a car and has gone to Alice Springs,a small town in the centre of Australia.He has just bought a car and 主謂主謂 狀狀 謂謂 賓連賓連has gon