馬駿托福聽(tīng)力課堂講義

1、葿蚃螂羂薁蒅肀肂芀蟻羆肁莃蒄袂肀蒅蠆螈聿芅蒂螄肈莇螇肅肇葿薀罿肆薂螆裊肆芁蕿螁膅莄螄蚇膄蒆薇羆膃膆螂羂膂莈薅袇膁蒀袁螃膀薃蚃肂膀節(jié)蒆羈腿蒞螞襖羋蕆蒅螀芇膆蝕蚆芆艿蒃肅芅蒁蚈羈芄薃薁袇芄芃螇螃芃蒞蕿肁節(jié)蒈螅羇莁薀薈袃莀芀螃蝿羇莂薆蚅羆薄螁肄羅芄蚄羀羄莆袀袆羃葿蚃螂羂薁蒅肀肂芀蟻羆肁莃蒄袂肀蒅蠆螈聿芅蒂螄肈莇螇肅肇葿薀罿肆薂螆裊肆芁蕿螁膅莄螄蚇膄蒆薇羆膃膆螂羂膂莈薅袇膁蒀袁螃膀薃蚃肂膀節(jié)蒆羈腿蒞螞襖羋蕆蒅螀芇膆蝕蚆芆艿蒃肅芅蒁蚈羈芄薃薁袇芄芃螇螃芃蒞蕿肁節(jié)蒈螅羇莁薀薈袃莀芀螃蝿羇莂薆蚅羆薄螁肄羅芄蚄羀羄莆袀袆羃葿蚃螂羂薁蒅肀肂芀蟻羆肁莃蒄袂肀蒅蠆螈聿芅蒂螄肈莇螇肅肇葿薀罿肆薂螆裊肆芁蕿螁膅莄螄蚇膄

2、蒆薇羆膃膆螂羂膂莈薅袇膁蒀袁螃膀薃蚃肂膀節(jié)蒆羈腿蒞螞襖羋蕆蒅螀芇膆蝕蚆芆艿蒃肅芅蒁蚈羈芄薃薁袇芄芃螇螃芃蒞蕿肁節(jié)蒈螅羇莁薀薈袃莀芀螃蝿羇莂薆蚅羆薄螁肄羅芄蚄羀羄莆袀袆羃葿蚃螂羂薁蒅肀肂芀蟻羆肁莃蒄袂肀蒅蠆螈聿芅蒂螄肈莇螇肅肇葿薀罿肆薂螆裊 馬駿托福聽(tīng)力課堂講義第三回 文學(xué)篇安慰鼓勵(lì)，堅(jiān)持第一 影響學(xué)習(xí)，馬上放棄 贊美夸獎(jiǎng)，毫不謙虛 逢人便夸，從不打擊 講話直接，態(tài)度清晰 尋求幫助，樂(lè)于建議 品位高雅，音樂(lè)位居 生活窘迫，錢是難題 積極向上，善良正義 間接回答，不傷友誼 形象思維，理解習(xí)語(yǔ) 把握語(yǔ)調(diào)，聽(tīng)出語(yǔ)氣 注釋： 是土壤部分，一種美國(guó)人的文化，在聽(tīng)力中多見(jiàn)。如，比賽一輸要放棄了，第二人勸；課

3、程太難堅(jiān)持不住要quit了，第二人勸；小說(shuō)人物復(fù)雜不想讀了，第二人勸；減肥堅(jiān)持不住，第二人勸等等。 弘揚(yáng)bright sides，聽(tīng)力中的美國(guó)學(xué)生永遠(yuǎn)是學(xué)習(xí)，有任何事情與之沖突都要放棄其它而學(xué)習(xí)；這么多年考試中，偶有一次例外，當(dāng)然發(fā)生在男生身上，一女生邀他玩，他來(lái)了一句：“The book can wait”丟人的話來(lái)。除此之外，別無(wú)例外。比如：在第一人話中出現(xiàn)娛樂(lè)項(xiàng)目，而第二人話中出現(xiàn)學(xué)習(xí)類項(xiàng)目，可想而知下文是什么了。又是一個(gè)美國(guó)文化，區(qū)別與我們的文化對(duì)待。Thinking in American way見(jiàn)人有衣無(wú)衣都great；有頭發(fā)無(wú)頭發(fā)都great；體形好不好都great，所以理解后用

4、于生活中，有美國(guó)人說(shuō)：“Your English is good.”千萬(wàn)別自喜，因?yàn)樗麄兊奈幕褪沁@個(gè)。first thing first,用于抓態(tài)度，繞難點(diǎn)解題。應(yīng)用于我們的寫(xiě)作中，先給point再develop。 學(xué)生生活中，困難是常有的，而互相幫助又是聽(tīng)力中傳播的溫情，別管事實(shí)怎樣，解題用它。但車和錢很少外借，他可以載你去，但不會(huì)借你車。 聽(tīng)力中的建議一定是考點(diǎn)，把所有的建議句式（干）背過(guò)，聽(tīng)覺(jué)上，一聽(tīng)見(jiàn)有建議，必抓之解題。而建議他人的四類是：時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物、動(dòng)作，在建議題型中會(huì)總結(jié)。 強(qiáng)調(diào)學(xué)生的high taste：吃飯去意/法餐館；用香水；用天然的化裝品；聽(tīng)音樂(lè)會(huì)；拒絕電視、電影。

5、 提到音樂(lè)會(huì)一定去看；音樂(lè)會(huì)票一定難買；音樂(lè)會(huì)一定人山人海（過(guò)道都是人）；音樂(lè)會(huì)的贊美無(wú)與倫比（out of this world）。是解聽(tīng)力題一個(gè)永久的暗線。沒(méi)錢等sale;買到sale極高興；家具用二手；打工來(lái)掙錢；物價(jià)一漲就抱怨；租房屋子簡(jiǎn)布置；一定是小破房等等。出題基調(diào)，展示留學(xué)生生活的美好。一種?？嫉乃季S，常見(jiàn)的美國(guó)人講話方式。 一種思維方式，值得我們?cè)谟迷~方面學(xué)習(xí)。比如，我們說(shuō)貴very very expensive,土人們形象化cost a fortune來(lái)表達(dá)。 在理解記憶習(xí)語(yǔ)及臨場(chǎng)解決習(xí)語(yǔ)時(shí)運(yùn)用。 聽(tīng)力的至高境界，從一詞一詞聽(tīng)一詞組一詞組聽(tīng)一句話一句話聽(tīng)一意群一意群聽(tīng)一調(diào)子一

6、調(diào)子聽(tīng)。閉上眼，只有調(diào)子在腦中亂飛去解題。以調(diào)子、重讀、語(yǔ)氣小詞來(lái)把握。詳見(jiàn)語(yǔ)氣題型。第四回 概念篇（一）喜歡- 6 -be a big fun of sth. be much of sth.care for sth. be in a mood for sth.be raving about be wild/crazy/mad aboutthink much/highly of sth. cant get enough of sth.couldnt put it down(二) 厭倦、厭煩be bored with be fed up with be sick of be tired of h

7、ave had enough (of) sth. have had it with sth. Its more than I can bear. Its too much for me.I can no longer put up with. (三) 忙忙的時(shí)段：考試前、學(xué)期初、剛工作get conflict in ones scheduleup to ones neck/eyes/ears in workin the middle of doing sth. be overwhelmed/swamped with sth. be all tied upbe all /completely b

8、ooked can not fit it inhave/get ones hands full have another appointment/commitmentas busy as a bee hecticcouldnt get around to doing sth.couldnt spare/squeeze time to do sth.Have you checked your schedule/academic calendar?have a heavy/tight schedule/work load/course load (四) 忘 forgetful absent-min

9、ded absent-minded professor slip ones memory slip ones mind have a short/poor/bad memory ones memory like sieve go in one ear and out the other be not good with sth. be terrible with sth. scatter brain (五) 完成 be done with sth. be through with sth. be finished with sth. to complete sth. to finish doi

10、ng sth. be over with sth. be over and done with end up in the end wrap up wind up (六) 累 原因：學(xué)習(xí)、運(yùn)動(dòng)、打工 表達(dá)：Im exhausted. Im tired-out/over tired.Im dog tired. Im beat/dead beat.Im burned out. run out of steam/energybe out of energy/shape Im worn out. be tired out knock oneself out on sth.eyes are starti

11、ng to blur hardly stay awakehardly concentrate Im bushed. (七) 學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)用功around the clock on end = in a rowday and night = night and day 36/48 hours a day day in and day out put a lot of hours/time/days intoburn the midnight oil stay up/be up all nightcant tear oneself away from couldnt put downglue ones

12、 eyes to 選項(xiàng)特征：work hard for a long time for quite a while 真題：97年1月15題 A：Is Louis going to join us for a shout break? B：Yes, if she can tear herself away from her studies. （選）She seldom stop studying.95年8月25題 A：Did Linda ever finish that introductory chapter? B：Im not sure. Shes spent hours on end re

13、writing it. (選) She worked on the chapter for a quite while.99年10月8題 A：Poring over your books. B：I thought this was home. (八) 弄不懂，搞不清楚 Im confused./Its confusing. Beyond sb./above sb. beyond ones understanding over ones head couldnt make heads or trails of it Search me! I have no clue/idea. Im in th

14、e dark. Your guess is as good as mine. get lost Im as in the dark as you are. is a mystery to me. cant follow is more than I can figure out. Lost track of the I wonder cant make my sense out of it It doesnt make my sense to me. (九) 堅(jiān)持，別放棄 Dont give up! Dont give in! hold on hold to it stick to it st

15、ick with it stick it out never drop it It always seems hard when youve just starting out. get going keeping going (十) 安慰 If I were you, Ive had done the same thing. If I were in your shoes/position, Ive had done the same thing. sth. just cant be helped. It could happen to anyone. It happens all the

16、time. step out of sth. snap out of sth. get over sth. quickly forget about it. (十一) 心情好壞 “好”的原因：作業(yè)完成了；論文有眉目了；考試考好了；買到便宜貨了；天氣變好了 “好”的表達(dá)：glad/pleased/cheerful/cheer up/delighted/overjoyed be in a good mood be in a high spirit high-spirited on cloud nine in the seventh heaven walk on air “壞”的原因：作業(yè)太多；課程

17、太難；工作沒(méi)找到；考試沒(méi)考好 “壞”的表達(dá)：in low spirit low-spiritedfeel down down castdown hearted down and bluedown in the dumps/mouth have blue in ones eyesunder the cloud upset depressed frustrated worry not oneselfbe in a bad/terrible mood out of spirits/sorts (十二) 代替 fill ones position/vacancy/shoes fill in for s

18、b. Take the place of sb. take over substitute =replace第五回 場(chǎng)景篇一、衣著場(chǎng)景 思 路 詩(shī)：買衣價(jià)格選公道，穿對(duì)場(chǎng)合少煩惱。加衣?lián)Q衣隨天氣，洗衣程序要記牢。買衣五話題：1、price: on sale/big sale/discount/clearance sale/good buy(bargain)/great buy2、 style: formal/causal/suit,pantsuit/dress 搭 配: go well with/be perfect with/match (suit/fit)3、color: blue/nav

19、y blue/dark blue/light blue/solid blue/purplish 4、 size: small medium large 松 緊： tight loose baggy 調(diào) 換：change for a large one get next size up5、material:(熱愛(ài)天然)wool , cotton , silk,synthetic fabric, nylon , linen 穿對(duì)場(chǎng)合：1、 formal: reception/interview/presentation/wedding/graduation ceremony 2、 causal:

20、party/barbecue/picnic 3、 中 性: jacket 隨天氣加減：1、 太 冷：（加衣服）取 出 take / get out2、 太 熱：（收衣服）pack (up) put/take away 收哪些 down jacket/overcoat/scarf/mittens/gloves/boots洗衣程序：1、 洗 衣：do the washing 2、 衣服臟了： stain / ink stain 3、 洗 衣 粉： laundry detergent 4、 洗 衣 機(jī)： washer , washing machine5、 地 點(diǎn)：launderette 6、 設(shè)

21、備：main cleaning facility 7、 動(dòng) 作：drop the coin in the slot 8、 意 外： over the normal load 壞了壞了 out of order, doesnt work, break down, broken, give out 縮水 shrink 掉色 fade / lose color / faint 皺了 crumple iron 染了 breach 二、宿舍場(chǎng)景思 路 詩(shī)：地點(diǎn)價(jià)錢很重要，簡(jiǎn)單布置問(wèn)題擾。同屋相處多理解，宿舍永遠(yuǎn)小臟吵。地點(diǎn)價(jià)錢：1、 on / off campus2、close to the campu

22、s ; near the university 否則 too far away / out of the way 需要 commute not reliable3、 環(huán)境 quiet4、 價(jià)錢（生活窘迫，錢是難題）便宜 reasonable 否則 couldnt afford5、 費(fèi)用(rent and utilities)electric fee/ water fee/ heating fee 上漲 go up (備注)： first year students usually live in dorm. After that they can move off. There are ple

23、nty of apartments freeing up after graduation.簡(jiǎn)單布置問(wèn)題擾：1、 布置：furnish the apartment, paint room, have it painted , vacuum the rug / carpet , polish the furniture, 掛一掛 framed posters 2、 問(wèn)題：The window is stuck. The shutters are loose. The faucet / pipe is leaking. The lock doesnt open. There is some thi

24、ng wrong with the wiring. 停電： black out / power failure 人物：technician / electrician / plumber / maintenance 相 處：1、 室友首要條件： neat / considerate 2、 相 處 和 睦： get on / along well with / be on good term 3、 相 處 不 好： hold grudge / have hard feeling with sb. / picky / find fault in others （備注）：噪音，聚會(huì)多為影響方式，另外

25、東西亂放：put it all around / over 小、臟、吵：1、 ?。?too tiny / cramped / I couldnt turn around / no space 2、 臟： too messy / mess up / dump / chaos 3、 吵： noisy / play music loudly / throw wild party 三、 選課場(chǎng)景思 路 詩(shī)：先初再高等同意，熱門提前抓時(shí)機(jī)。太多太難基礎(chǔ)課，選修必修記仔細(xì)。1、 選： register / sign up forenroll / enlist in ；take 地點(diǎn)： registrati

26、on office 人物：registrar course catalog course sheet 2、 初級(jí)課：intro course / basic course / prerequisite course 中級(jí)課：intermediate course高級(jí)課：advanced course / upper level course 其它課：seminar / workshop / field / theater trip 3、 教授同意三形式：permission approval signature 師生對(duì)話三顧慮：workload is too much / bear too m

27、uch / hard / too demanding whether everything is on the right track.4、 提 前： in advance / before hard / ahead of time 同時(shí)選：simultaneously退 課： drop / quit / get out of it 5、 選修課：optional course / elective course / selective course / electives / selectives必修課： required course / compulsory course (備注)：聽(tīng)力

28、中學(xué)生由于課程選的太難，話題會(huì)延伸到“排解” tutoring service / hiring a tutor stress management course 四、 生病場(chǎng)景 思 路 詩(shī)：頭痛腦熱，發(fā)燒感冒，預(yù)約在先，繁忙取消。體育運(yùn)動(dòng)，家具搬動(dòng)，有病勿延，按時(shí)服藥。小 ?。?cold, flu, chills, ache 約：1、 預(yù) 約：make / get / set up / have an appointment2、 推 遲： put off / postpone 3、 取 消： cancel / get / have a cancellation 4、 重 約： resched

29、ule / rearrange 外 傷：1、 檢 查： have it looked at / into / up / checked out 2、 部 位： head, shoulder, back, arm elbow, wrist , waist, leg, knee, ankle, foot, toe3、 形 式： twist, break, strain, sprain, swelling, hurt, injure4、 解決方式： see a doctor, take a rest, be on crutches 5、 避 免： dont put weight on your fe

30、et; stay off your foot 勿 延：dont put it off, its pretty foolish not to see a doctor 服藥：1、 服：take: take two of these pills three times a day 2、 藥效： 優(yōu)點(diǎn)： Do any good, help, work, useful, make a difference 缺點(diǎn)： make me drowsy / headache (cut back) (備注)： 基于小病，故動(dòng)用hospital 情況很少，一般 infirmary, clinic 住院 check

31、in , be admitted in 出院 check out ,release from 五、 打工場(chǎng)景思 路 詩(shī)：工種選擇多方向，報(bào)紙熟人廣培養(yǎng)。簡(jiǎn)歷面試要注意，時(shí)間工資工作量。工 種：校 內(nèi)： TA/RA/LA library: cataloging department 校 外：restaurant waiter / waitress / cook / chef / do the dishes store stock shelf / hand-painter 家 政： baby-sitter / house-sitter / house-painter 途 徑：1、 查 報(bào)紙 找工作

32、 job-hunting 登 廣告 找室友 roommate 2、朋 友 recommend 關(guān)系網(wǎng) networking 3、手 法 job / search technique 4、等待 opening / position / vacancy / job offer / job creation 簡(jiǎn)歷面試：1、 resume 要 clean 是否有 typos / typing errors / typographic 如有修改 fix errors / revise / check / check out / correct 投 drop off 2、 面試，著裝得體 填表 fill

33、out the form 合格 be qualified for the job, meet their requirement 時(shí)間、工資、工作量：1、 時(shí) 間：沖突 work schedule conflict with class schedule 合適 the hours are convenient 早/晚班 morning shift / night shift 2、 工 資：The pay is handsome / decent 3、 工作量： workload (備注)：一般學(xué)生找的工作為 part-time, job on the side 偶爾會(huì)談到解雇問(wèn)題 laid o

34、ff, let sb. go, get ones marching orders 六、 教授場(chǎng)景思 路 詩(shī)：太多太難分太低，課好課壞口不一。偶有教授要休退，淡淡離愁見(jiàn)惋惜。教授特點(diǎn)：1、 多： prof thinks we dont have any other class 2、 難： demanding / though / hard 3、 低： expecting just a passing grade, higher grade 4、 拖堂： run overtime, run late, let sb. go late 5、 準(zhǔn)時(shí)： punctual, prompt, you can

35、 set your watch by the on start of his class, on the dot, nose 教授評(píng)價(jià)： “十”： 1、通用： be packed / crowded/ impressed/ well attended/ out of this world 2、專用： fascinating, provoking, thought provoking, provide food for thought “一”：（tedious/boring）1、 出現(xiàn)鐘表類物品： keep watching the clock / keep looking at watch 2

36、、 出現(xiàn)時(shí)間： keep counting the time 3、 coffee: before his lecture, I need two cups of coffee. 4、 注意力相關(guān)詞： drop / doze off stay / keep alert / away5、 理解相關(guān)詞： catch, follow, figure out, make any sense of it, make heads or tails of it 習(xí)語(yǔ)： be all Greek to sb. ; be at sea ; be in the dark 1、 wont find anyone to

37、 fill her shoes 2、 Its a pity / rare breed 3、 lead a few course七、 天氣場(chǎng)景思 路 詩(shī)：溫度濕度降水量，二談天氣四影響：衣著隨時(shí)換，機(jī)場(chǎng)偶改點(diǎn)，學(xué)校受牽連，活動(dòng)沒(méi)法辦。單純談天氣：1、 溫 度 temperature 濕度 humidity 降水 precipitation2、 天氣預(yù)報(bào)： forecast is for /forecast calls for / forecast says 3、 各種天氣：晴 天 mild, sunny, let up, clear up 陰 天 cloudy, overcast 雨 rainy

38、, pour, downpour 雪 snowy, heavy snow, sleet風(fēng) breeze, breezy, windy 冷 cold, ice cold, freezing, chilly 熱 scorching, sticky, muggy, stuffy 四影響：1、 衣著：冷了 get / take out熱了 pack up, put away 2、 機(jī)場(chǎng)：航班 flight was delayed / canceled. 機(jī)場(chǎng) airport was closed / reopen. 3、 學(xué)校： close session: if there is one (語(yǔ)氣)4

39、、 活動(dòng)：天氣好 利用 make the most/best/fullest use / of 天氣差 影響 outdoor activities (beach/ outdoor concert/slorts/picnic)八、 論文場(chǎng)景思 路 詩(shī)：題目太大難擬定，資料難查路不明，多找教授勤修改，小小眉目換心情。題目難定：1、 句式 I have trouble / difficulty / a hard time / deciding on a topic 2、 太大 too broad 縮小 narrow down the topic 資料難查： 1、 查_(kāi)check、look up2、

40、too much material to cover 教授同意：1、 同意： give the green light 2、 修改：revise、proofread_眉 目：1、 有進(jìn)展 get somewhere; when someone is on to sth. 2、 想出了 hit upon sth; come up with sth. （備注）： 換心情，參見(jiàn)心情好壞概念九、 交作業(yè)思 路 詩(shī)：作業(yè)馬上要交遞，迫在眉睫等延期。1、 作 業(yè)：assignment, studies, course work, school work 論 文： essay thesis disserta

41、tion 報(bào) 告： lab report / book report 2、上 交： turn / hand in 到 期： be due 3、學(xué)生作業(yè)拖拉： drag ones feet; get backed up / put off 4、延 期：ask for extension ask prof.to extend the deadline 理 由：A: sick B: computer is down; wipe out computer files 5、常見(jiàn)句式： put the finishing touches on the paper There goes my social

42、life 十、照相場(chǎng)景思 路 詩(shī)：拍照片，多角度，焦距、膠卷少錯(cuò)誤。洗照片，裝相簿，就怕曝光相模糊。拍 照： take a picture of sb. (with as background) take a group picture別動(dòng) sit still 笑 smile / cheese 對(duì) 焦： in focus / out of focus 膠 卷： 室內(nèi) film for indoor shots 室外 film for outdoor pictures 一卷 a roll of film 用光 ran out of film 沖 洗：v develop 放大 enlarge 句式

43、 drop off the film for developing / at photo studio 相 冊(cè)： photo album 曝 光：不足 under exposed 過(guò)度 over exposed 模 糊：n blur adj blurry dark 句式 the picture didnt come out well 十一、電話場(chǎng)景思 路 詩(shī)：電話簿，分多種，盲音占線打不通。掛不掛，看費(fèi)用，帶著硬幣找公共。1、 電話簿表達(dá)： phone book , telephone book, directory, yellow page 2、 雜 音： static 線路差：the co

44、nnection is bad 占線: the line is busy; keep getting the busy signal /the line is engaged. 3、 掛與不掛: hang up / hold on / hang on / hold the line 各種電話：local phone/ long distance phone/ collect call 4、 打 通： get through / reach 回 電：return the call 5、 電 話 亭： booth / kiosk 公共電話： pay phone 動(dòng) 作： drop coin in

45、the slot 十二、送禮物場(chǎng)景思 路 詩(shī)：送禮不選貴，包裝講精美，開(kāi)包顯驚訝，是否對(duì)其味。1、 場(chǎng)合 birthday party, dinner party 物品 flower , dessert, tie, scarf, sweater 2、 包裝 have the gift wrapped; with silver, gold , brown paper, match bow. 3、 挑剔 picky; be particular about; have a high taste; well-dressed .十三、養(yǎng)花草場(chǎng)景思 路 詩(shī)：花草長(zhǎng)勢(shì)有異樣，陽(yáng)光水分和擺放，窗前屋角挪一挪

46、，道是光線或陰涼。1、 花草 plant, flower 問(wèn)題 brown / do well 2、 光/水 sunlight, water, more away from the window; near the window; in front of the window; move over the window; get plenty of light; water it frequently. 3、 挪動(dòng) 4、 解決 十四、減肥場(chǎng)景思 路 詩(shī)：減肥常常考，節(jié)食不可少，鍛煉最重要，堅(jiān)持出成效。1、 胖 big , huge , heavy, overweight, obese / obesity 2、 發(fā)福節(jié)食 put on some weight, gai