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1、高考英語考綱詞匯用法詳解(上)A aE,eI, anEn,An art. 1.一(個(gè),件,) 2.任何都3.每(一) 4.某,某一個(gè):I have got a ticket. 我有一張票。/ an awful noise 一種可怕的噪音 / A bird can fly. 鳥會(huì)飛。/ We often go to school two times a day. 我們常常一天兩次去學(xué)校。/ A Mr. Brown wishes to see you. 一位叫布朗的先生想見你?!咀⒁狻?.單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞若泛指,其前需加 a / an,不要從漢語習(xí)慣出發(fā),漏掉此不定冠詞(高考短文改錯(cuò)中??疾榇酥R(shí)點(diǎn),

2、許多同學(xué)在做書面表達(dá)時(shí)也常犯此錯(cuò)),如不能說Mr. Smith is interesting man.(需在 is后 加 an) 2.在序數(shù)詞之前使用a(an),可以表示數(shù)量或序數(shù)的增加:Do you want to read it a third time? 你還想看第三次嗎? able5eIbl adj.能的,有才能的,能干的,能夠的:Shes as clever and able as her sister. 她像她姐姐一樣聰明能干?!揪湫汀縝e able to do sth 能做某事【說明】比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)可以是 abler 和 ablest 或 more able, better ab

3、le 和 most able,但不如前者常見?!颈嫖觥縝e able to 與 can的區(qū)別,見 can。aboutE5baJt prep.在附近,關(guān)于,在周圍,忙于 adv.附近,大約,轉(zhuǎn)向,左右,周圍:She sat up and looked about her. 她坐了起來,環(huán)顧四周。/ I had no money about me. 我身邊沒有帶錢。/ She likes to walk about. 她喜愛四處走走。/ There were few people about. 附近幾乎無人?!揪湫汀?. be about to do 即將,就要(不能與 tomorrow 等具體時(shí)

4、間狀語連用) 2. How What about(你認(rèn)為)怎么樣? 【辨析】about與on:前者指泛泛地或非正式地談?wù)撃呈拢笳咧副容^系統(tǒng)、深入地論述某事:It is a book on birds. 那是一本論及鳥類的書。(可能是一本學(xué)術(shù)著作) / It is a book about birds. 那是一本關(guān)于鳥的書。(可能是一本供小孩看的關(guān)于鳥類的故事書)aboveE5bQv prep.在上方,過于,超出 adv. 在上面 adj. 上面的,上述的,上文的:We were flying above the clouds. 我們?cè)谠茖由厦骘w行。/ Health is above weal

5、th. 健康勝過財(cái)富。/ He is above doing such things. 他不至于做出這樣的事來?!颈嫖觥縜bove與over:over 表示垂直在上的正上方,above 則不一定表示正上方(即表示正上方時(shí)兩者均可用,不表示正上方時(shí)要用 above)。 abroadE5brR:d adv. 到(在)國(guó)外:He has gone abroad. 他出國(guó)了。/ He has just returned from abroad. 他剛從國(guó)外歸來?!居梅ā?.是副詞,不是形容詞,不置于名詞前作定語,但可置于名詞后作定語:ones recent tour abroad 某人最近的國(guó)外之行。

6、2.是副詞,不是名詞,所以不說 go to abroad之類的。acceptEk5sept vt. 接受,承認(rèn):Much to my regret, Im unable to accept your kind invitation. 我不能接受你盛情的邀請(qǐng), 非常遺憾?!颈嫖觥縜ccept 與receive:前者指主觀上接受,后者指客觀上收到:He received the gift, but he did not accept it. 他收到這件禮物,但沒有接受。accident5AksIdEnt n.C事故:She was injured badly in an accident duri

7、ng the work. 她在一次工傷事故中受了重傷?!径陶Z】by accident偶然,無意中according toE5kR:dIN tu: prep.按照,根據(jù):from each according to his ability, to each according to his needs 各盡所能,按需分配 / According to my watch it is 10 oclock. 按我的表是10點(diǎn)鐘?!咀⒁狻?.不能用于第一人稱,即不能說according to me (us)。2.其后不能接view, opinion等表示觀點(diǎn)或看法的詞,要表示類似意思可改用in ones

8、 opinion等。acheeIk n. C疼痛 vi. 痛;渴望:Her head ached all night. 她的頭整夜都疼。/ I am aching to join in the game. 我渴望參加比賽。achieveE5tFi:v v. 1.達(dá)到,取得 2.完成,實(shí)現(xiàn):He hopes to achieve all his aims soon. 他希望盡快達(dá)到所有目標(biāo)。acrossE5krRs prep.& adv. 穿過,在另一邊,在對(duì)面:We swam across the river. 我們游到河對(duì)岸。/ Across the street from the

9、school is the library. 從學(xué)校穿過大街就是圖書館?!颈嫖觥縜cross與cross:前者為介詞或副詞,后者為動(dòng)詞。actAkt n.C動(dòng)作;舉動(dòng);節(jié)目;(戲劇的)幕;法案,法令 vi.行動(dòng);產(chǎn)生的效果;表演;表現(xiàn);見效 vt.扮演(角色):People praised his brave act. 人們贊揚(yáng)他的勇敢行為。/ Think before you act! 三思而后行!/ Does the drug take long to act? 這藥要很久才能起作用嗎?【短語】act as 充當(dāng) / act for 代理,代表active5AktIv adj.積極的,活潑

10、的,活躍的:She is very active. 她非常活躍。/ He is an active member of the club. 他是俱樂部的積極分子。 actor5AktE n.C(男)演員:professional actor 專業(yè)演員actress5AktrIs n.C女演員:an experienced actress有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的女演員actual5AktFJEl adj. 實(shí)際的,真實(shí)的,現(xiàn)實(shí)的,目前的:I can not give the actual figures. 我不能舉出實(shí)際數(shù)字。/ Whats the actual price? 實(shí)價(jià)多少?addAd vi.&am

11、p;vt. 加,增加,增進(jìn),補(bǔ)充說:“I felt sorry for her,” Bob added. “我為她感到惋惜,”鮑勃又說道?!径陶Z】add in 包括 / add to 增加 / add up 加起來 / add up to 加起來等于,總之就是addressE5dres n. C住址,通迅處 vt.向致辭,演說,寫姓名位置:Whats your home address? 你的家庭住址呢? / Write the address clearly. 位置請(qǐng)寫清楚。admireEd5maIE vt. 欽佩,贊美,羨慕:I admire her for her bravery. 我欽

12、佩她的勇氣?!咀⒁狻科浜蟛荒芙与p賓語,也不接that 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。admitEd5mIt vt. 接納,讓進(jìn)入,承認(rèn):He admitted that it was really his fault. 他承認(rèn)這確實(shí)得怪他?!居梅ā亢蠼觿?dòng)詞要用動(dòng)名詞,不用不定式:She admitted having read the letter. 她承認(rèn)看過這封信。advanceEd5vB:ns vi.前進(jìn),進(jìn)展 vt. 推進(jìn),促進(jìn),提升,提前,預(yù)付 n.C,U前進(jìn),進(jìn)展,進(jìn)步,提升,預(yù)付款:The general commanded his men to advance. 將軍命令他的士兵向前挺進(jìn)?!?/p>

13、短語】in advance 在前頭,事先,提前 / in advance of 在前面,比進(jìn)步,超過 / on the advance (物價(jià))在上漲 / advance on 朝前進(jìn)advantageEd5vB:ntIdV n.C,U優(yōu)勢(shì),長(zhǎng)處,有利條件,利益:A better education gave us the advantage. 良好的教育使我們處于有利地位。/ The advantage of the idea was its simplicity. 這個(gè)主意的優(yōu)點(diǎn)就在于它簡(jiǎn)單明了?!径陶Z】have gain, get the an advantage over of 勝過,

14、優(yōu)于 / take advantage of 乘機(jī)利用,利用別人的弱點(diǎn),占便宜 adventureEd5ventFE n.C,U冒險(xiǎn),冒險(xiǎn)活動(dòng),奇遇 v. 冒險(xiǎn),膽敢:He lived for adventure. 他平生喜歡冒險(xiǎn)。/ No man would adventure it. 沒有人敢冒險(xiǎn)做這種事?!居梅ā勘硎境橄笠饬x的“冒險(xiǎn)”,不可數(shù);表示具體意義的“冒險(xiǎn)的經(jīng)歷或事件”,則可數(shù)。adviceEd5vaIs n.U忠告,建議:Your advice was a great help to me. 你的建議對(duì)我有很大的幫助。 / I dont know who ask advice

15、from. 我不知道該向誰討教?!居梅ā?.不可數(shù),不與不定冠詞或數(shù)詞連用,也不用復(fù)數(shù)形式,如說a piece of advice, some advice,但不說an advice, some advices。2.表示征求意見,通常用ask (for) advice;表示聽從或接受某人的意見,通常用follow take ones advice。adviseEd5vaIz vt.勸告,建議:Be advised! 接受意見吧! / They will advise you what to do. 他們將給你出主意怎么辦?!居梅ā?.其后接動(dòng)詞作賓語,要用動(dòng)名詞,不能用不定式,即說advise

16、 doing sth,不說 advise to do sth。2.表示建議某人做某事,要用 advise sb to do sth(此時(shí)的不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語);若表示建議某人不要做某事,則用advise sb not to do sth 或 advise sb against doing sth。3.后接 that 引導(dǎo)的賓語從句時(shí),從句謂語要用“should+動(dòng)詞原形”這樣的虛擬語氣:We advised her that she (should) wait. 我們勸她等。affairE5fZEn.C事件,事情,事務(wù),私事,戀愛事件:foreign affairs 外交事務(wù) / school

17、 affairs 校務(wù) / How are your affairs going? 你的情況怎么樣?affordE5fR:d vt. 買得起,經(jīng)受得住,承擔(dān)得起:I cant afford to buy a car. 我買不起汽車。/ We cant afford to pay such a price. 我們付不起這個(gè)價(jià)錢?!居梅ā?.常與can, could, be able to 連用。2.其后可接名詞、代詞或不定式作賓語,若意思明確,可省略有關(guān)成分:afford to buy a car =afford a car 買得起小車 / afford the time for a holid

18、ay=afford a holiday 抽得出時(shí)間去度假afraidE5freId adj.(用作表語)害怕的,擔(dān)心的;恐怕:Dont be afraid. 不用怕。/ He is afraid to say that. 他不敢說那事。/ I was afraid of waking him. 我擔(dān)心會(huì)把他吵醒。/ Im afraid youre wrong. 恐怕是你錯(cuò)了?!颈容^】1. be afraid to do sth與be afraid of doing sth:前者指害怕(不敢)做某事,而后者有兩個(gè)意思,一是表示害怕做某事(此時(shí)可be afraid to do sth 互換),二是

19、表示擔(dān)心會(huì)發(fā)生某情況(所擔(dān)心的情況不一定會(huì)發(fā)生,此時(shí)不能與 be afraid to do sth 互換)。2. Im afraid not 與 Im not afraid:前者為委婉的否定回答,意為“恐怕不”;后者意為“我不怕”。Africa5AfrIkEn.非洲:Africa is a continent. 非洲是個(gè)大陸。African5AfrIkEn adj.非洲的,非洲人的 n.C非洲人after5B:ftE prep.在后面 conj.在以后 adv.在后,后來:What did you do after leaving school? 離開學(xué)校之后你干什么了? / I will t

20、ell them after you leave (have left). 你走了之后我再告訴他們。/ We arrived soon after. 我們隨后就到了?!颈嫖觥?. after與behind:前者指位次的先后,后者指位置的前后。2. after與in:前者以過去時(shí)間為起點(diǎn),通常連用過去時(shí)態(tài);而in 則以現(xiàn)在時(shí)間為起點(diǎn),通常連用將來時(shí)態(tài)。但是,若表示在某一點(diǎn)時(shí)間之后,則只能用after(無論是現(xiàn)在還是過去):Ill leave here after 6 oclock. 我6點(diǎn)后離開這兒。afternoon5B:ftE7nu:n n.C,U下午,午后:He returned in t

21、he late afternoon. 他是在傍晚時(shí)分回來的。/ This afternoon will be cloudy, turning clear. 今天下午陰轉(zhuǎn)晴。againE5geIn adv.再一次,又,再:After the storm it became calm again. 暴風(fēng)雨過后,天氣又恢復(fù)平靜無風(fēng)。/ Look to it that this doesnt happen again. 注意不要再發(fā)生這種事?!径陶Z】again and again 再三地,反復(fù)地 / once again 再一次againstE5ge(I)nst prep. 相反,反對(duì),逆著,靠著,倚

22、著:Are you for or against it? 你是支持它還是反對(duì)它? / Drug taking is against the law. 吸毒是違法的。/ It is a great joy to battle against nature. 與大自然作斗爭(zhēng),其樂無窮。【注意】against 是介詞,不是動(dòng)詞,所以不能說 Do you against之類的。ageeIdV n.年齡,時(shí)代,(用復(fù)數(shù)表示)長(zhǎng)時(shí)間:What is your age? 你年紀(jì)多大?/ She died in 1936 at the age of 84. 她死于1936年,享年84歲。/ I havent

23、seen him for ages. 我已好長(zhǎng)時(shí)間沒有見到他了?!咀⒁狻坎灰礉h語習(xí)慣將“他年紀(jì)輕”說成He age is young. 可說成 He is young.agoE5gEJ adv.以前:That was some twenty years ago. 那大約是20年前。/ We came a week ago, since when the weather has been bad. 我們一星期前來到這里,從那時(shí)起天氣一直不好。agreeE5gri: v.同意,贊成,答應(yīng):She agreed to my idea. 她同意我的想法。/ I quite agree with wh

24、at you say. 你所說的我很贊成。/ If you agree, so; if not, so. 如果你同意,就這樣;如果你不同意,也這樣?!颈容^】agree to do sth 同意做某事 / agree with sb 贊成某人的意見,與某人意見相同 / agree on (upon) 對(duì)持相同觀點(diǎn) / agree to 同意(某項(xiàng)計(jì)劃、建議、安排等)【注意】不要將漢語的“同意某人做某事”直譯為agree sb to do sth,可改說agree to let sb do sth等。agriculture5AgrIkQltFE n.U農(nóng)業(yè),農(nóng)藝,農(nóng)學(xué):United States

25、Department of Agriculture 美國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)部aheadE5hed adv.在前面,向前:Walk straight ahead until you reach the river. 一直朝前走到河邊?!径陶Z】ahead of 在之前;超過 / ahead of time schedule 提前 / Go ahead! 前進(jìn),有進(jìn)展,繼續(xù)干下去【注意】ahead 是副詞,不是名詞,所以不能說 in the ahead, at the ahead等。aimeIm n.U瞄準(zhǔn),對(duì)準(zhǔn) C目標(biāo) v.瞄準(zhǔn),對(duì)準(zhǔn),以為目標(biāo):It is now our aim to set up a fac

26、tory. 我們現(xiàn)在的目標(biāo)是創(chuàng)辦一座工廠。/ I aim to be a lawyer. 我要當(dāng)個(gè)律師?!居梅ā?.表示“瞄準(zhǔn)”時(shí),不可數(shù),所以在 take aim at, take careful aim at 這類短語中沒有不定冠詞。2.表示“想做某事”或“以做某事為目標(biāo)”,動(dòng)詞aim后可接不定式或接at doing sth,即aim to do sth=aim at doing sth。airZE n.U空氣,大氣,天空,空中 C樣子,神態(tài),氣氛:Birds fly in the air. 鳥在空中飛翔。/ Better let in some fresh air. 最好放些新鮮空氣進(jìn)來

27、。/ He came into the room with an air of importance. 他帶著一副了不起的神情走進(jìn)室內(nèi)。aircraft5ZEkrB:ft n.C飛機(jī),航空器:There are enemy aircraft on the radar screen.雷達(dá)熒屏上出現(xiàn)了敵人的飛機(jī)?!咀⒁狻繂螐?fù)數(shù)同形,所以不要說 five aircrafts,some aircrafts 之類的。airport5ZEpR:t n.C航空站,飛機(jī)場(chǎng):At the airport, the customs officers searched his case. 在機(jī)場(chǎng),海關(guān)人員檢查了他的

28、箱子。aliveE5laIv adj. 活著的,活躍的,充滿的,通著電流的:The fish we caught is still alive. 我們捉的魚還活著。/ The wire is alive. 這條電線帶電?!咀⒁狻?.可用作表語,不作前置定語,但有時(shí)可用作后置定語:the greatest man alive當(dāng)今偉人 2.通常不用 very 修飾,但可用 much 或 very much 修飾。allR:l adj.全部的,所有的 pron. 全體,全部 adv. 全部地,都,更加:Are all the students here today? 今天所有的學(xué)生都到了嗎? / I

29、 know that all is well with her. 我知道她一切都好。/ She is all in favor of my suggestion. 她完全贊同我的建議。/ She hated him all the more. 她更加恨他了?!径陶Z】all along 自始至終 / all the same 依然,仍然 / notat all 一點(diǎn)也不,從來不 / all over 到處,結(jié)束 / in all 總計(jì),全部 / above all 首先,最重要的是 / after all 畢竟,終究allowE5laJ v.允許,準(zhǔn)許:Smoking is not allowe

30、d here. 此處不準(zhǔn)吸煙。/ He doesnt allow cats in the room. 他不允許貓進(jìn)入房?jī)?nèi)。【用法】可接不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語,但不接不定式作賓語,即可說allow sb to do sth,但不說allow to do sth(可改為 allow doing sth)。【辨析】allow 與 permit:permit 通常指上級(jí)、規(guī)則或法令等表示的準(zhǔn)許,其語氣較重;而 allow 通常指消極地不加反對(duì),有時(shí)含有聽任或默許之意,語氣較輕。如:Nothing is permitted; everything is allowed. 一切都沒明文規(guī)定可以做,但一切做了也

31、無妨。almost5R:lmEJst adv. 幾乎,差不多:It was almost dark when they got there. 他們抵達(dá)那里時(shí),天幾乎黑了。【辨析】almost與nearly:almost 可用于 any 以及 no, none, nobody, nothing, never 等否定詞之前,但 nearly 一般不這樣用。而nearly 前可用 very, pretty, not 等詞修飾,但 almost 之前不能用這些詞。aloneE5lEJnadj. 單獨(dú)的,獨(dú)自的adv.獨(dú)自,單獨(dú),僅僅:She watches TV when she is alone.

32、獨(dú)自一人時(shí),她便看電視。/ He alone knows the secret. 只有他一人知道秘密?!径陶Z】leavealone 聽其自然,不要去管 / let alone 至于,更不必說【用法】用作副詞表示“僅僅”時(shí),要放在被修飾詞語之后,比較:He can do it alone. 他一個(gè)人可以做此事。/ He alone can do it. 只有他能做此事。alongE5lRN prep.沿著,順著 adv. 向前,往前;一起:We walked along the river. 我們沿著河走。/ I took my brother along. 我?guī)е艿??!径陶Z】all alon

33、g一直,始終 / along with 和一起一道,隨著,除以外(還)aloudE5laJd adv. 出聲地,大聲地:He read the poem aloud. 他高聲朗誦那首詩?!径陶Z】think aloud 自言自語 alreadyR:l5redI adv.已經(jīng):Ive already forgiven you. 我已經(jīng)原諒了你。/ It is already the middle of summer. 現(xiàn)在已是仲夏了。/ She had already gone when I arrived. 我到的時(shí)候她已經(jīng)走了?!咀⒁狻恳话阌糜诳隙ň?,不用于否定句或疑問句(此時(shí)用 yet),不

34、過有時(shí)在疑問句中也用它,用于表示驚訝(且多用于句末)。also5R:lsEJ adv. 也 conj. 又,并且:He also asked to join the army. 他也要求去參軍。/ Also, he has gone abroad. 而且,他已去了國(guó)外?!径陶Z】not onlybut also 不但而且【用法】用于肯定句或疑問句,但通常不用于否定句(在否定句中用either)。althoughR:l5TEJ conj.雖然,然而:Although he was ill, he worked hard. 他雖然生病,但仍努力工作。/ I did not know that the

35、n, although I learned it later. 當(dāng)時(shí)我不知道那件事,但我后來知道了?!居梅ā坎荒馨礉h語習(xí)慣在主句前用連接詞 but, 但可用副詞yet, nevertheless 等。altogether7R:ltE5geTE adv. 完全地,總共:I am altogether on your side in this matter. 在這個(gè)問題上我完全支持你。/ Altogether there were 36 people in the bus. 在公共汽車上一共有36人?!咀⒁狻縜ltogether與 all together不同,后者表示“一起”、“同時(shí)”。alwa

36、ys 5R:lweIz adv.總是,永遠(yuǎn):He always keeps to his promises. 他總是說話算數(shù)的?!咀⒁狻颗c否定詞連用構(gòu)成部分否定(not always=并非總是),且只能位于否定詞之后:Money doesnt always bring happiness. 財(cái)富并不一定總帶來幸福。America5EmerIkE n.美國(guó),美洲:the Voice of America (VOA) 美國(guó)之音 / Columbus discovered America in 1492. 哥倫布于1492年發(fā)現(xiàn)了美洲。AmericanE5merIkEn n.C美國(guó)(洲)人 adj.

37、美國(guó)(洲)的:American English 美國(guó)英語 / Hes an American citizen but lives in Canada. 他是美國(guó)公民,但住在加拿大。amongE5mQN prep.在中間,在(三者或三者以上)之間,之一:They live among the mountains. 他們住在群山之中。/ Baseball is very popular among Americans. 棒球運(yùn)動(dòng)很受美國(guó)人的歡迎。/ She is among the best of our typists. 她是我們最好打字員之一?!颈嫖觥縜mong與between:前者主要用于三

38、者或三者以上之間,后者主要用于兩者之間。andAnd, End conj.和,又;然后,接著:Lets go and play basketball. 我們?nèi)ゴ蚧@球吧。/ She read for an hour and went to bed. 她讀了一小時(shí)的書,然后就去睡了?!居梅ā?.用于連接兩個(gè)比較級(jí),表示“越來越”:colder and colder 越來越冷 2.用于 good, nice, fine 等之后,表示“很”、“挺”:good and fast 很快anger5ANgE n.U生氣,憤怒 v. (使)發(fā)怒:Anger showed in his face. 他臉上露出怒

39、容。/ His loud radio angered me. 他大聲放收音機(jī)使我很生氣。angry5AgNrI adj.生氣的;憤怒的:He changed his mind, which made me very angry. 他改變了主意,這使我很生氣?!居梅ā孔⒁馄浜笏咏樵~:be get angry at sth 因某事而生氣 / be get angry about sth 因某事而生氣 / be get angry with sb 生某人的氣(注:不要想當(dāng)然地用be angry to sb 來表示此義)。animal5AnImEl n. C動(dòng)物,獸 adj.動(dòng)物的:plants a

40、nd animals 動(dòng)植物(注意詞序) / The lion is a wild animal. 獅子是一種野生動(dòng)物。announceE5naJns vt.宣告,宣布,發(fā)表:He announced the good news to her. 他向她宣布了這個(gè)好消息。/ He announced to her that he would go soon. 他告訴她不久就離開?!咀⒁狻坎荒芎蠼与p賓語,即不用于announce sb sth,要表示類似意思可用announce sth to sb。anotherE5nQTE adj.再一,另一,別的 pron.另一個(gè):Please give me

41、 another. 請(qǐng)給我另一個(gè)。/ Youd better stay in hospital for another few days. 你最好在醫(yī)院再住幾天?!居梅ā?.泛指不確定數(shù)目中的“另外任何一個(gè)”;若特指兩個(gè)當(dāng)中的另外一個(gè),不用 another,而用the other:Please show me another. 請(qǐng)?jiān)倌靡粋€(gè)給我看看(至少已看過一個(gè))。2. 在一般情況下,其后不能接復(fù)數(shù)名詞,而接單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞(表泛指),但若復(fù)數(shù)名詞之前有數(shù)詞或few修飾,則可用它修飾:another five students 另外5個(gè)學(xué)生【短語】one after another 一個(gè)又一個(gè)地,

42、一個(gè)接一個(gè)地,相繼地 / one another 互相,彼此answer5B:nsE v.回答,答復(fù);回信;滿足于n. C答案;回應(yīng):Please answer the telephone. 請(qǐng)接電話。/ This tool will answer our needs. 這工具能滿足我們的需要?!径陶Z】answer back 回嘴,頂嘴 / answer for 對(duì)擔(dān)保,為的后果承擔(dān)責(zé)任 / answer to 符合,適合 / in answer to 為了回答(響應(yīng)),聽(接)到后就anxious5ANkFEs adj.憂慮的,擔(dān)心的;渴望的:People all over the worl

43、d were anxious to have peace. 全世界人民都渴望和平。【用法】表示為某事?lián)?,其后可接介詞 about / for;表示渴望得到某物,其后通常接for,而不用about,當(dāng)然也可接不定式:Hes anxious for to know the result. 他急于想知道結(jié)果。any5enI adj.(用于疑問句,否定句等)什么;一些,任何的 pron.(無論)那些;(無論)哪一個(gè) adv.略微,一點(diǎn):Have you any money with you? 你身上帶錢了嗎? / Im too tired to walk any further. 我太累了,不能再往

44、前走了?!居梅ā?.用作代詞時(shí),只能用于三者或三者以上,不能用于兩者(表示兩者中的任意一個(gè),可用either),如不能說 any of my parents,但可說 either of my parents。2. 用于否定句時(shí),只能用于否定詞之后,即可說notany,不說anynot。anybody5enI7bRdi / anyone5enIwQn pron.任何人:Hello! Is anybody here? 喂!有人嗎?/ You mustnt tell anybody about this; its secret. 這件事你不能告訴任何人,這是秘密。anyhow5enIhaJ adv.

45、無論如何,不管怎樣;隨便:Anyhow, I will see you tonight. 無論如何, 今天晚上我要見你。anything 5enIWIN pron. 東西,任何事物,無論什么:You cant believe anything she says. 你不能相信她說的話。/ I want something to eat, and anything will do. 我想弄點(diǎn)東西吃,什么都行?!径陶Z】anything but 絕不,并不 / if anything 如果有什么不同的話【用法】1.受形容詞的修飾時(shí),形容詞應(yīng)置于其后。2.用于否定句時(shí),只能用于否定詞之后,即可說nota

46、nything,不說anythingnot。anywhere5enIwZE adv.無論何處,任何地方:Did you go anywhere yesterday? 你昨天去沒去過什么地方?/ You can go anywhere you like. 你可以去你喜歡的任何地方。apologize / apologiseE5pRlEdVaIz vi.道歉:You might at least apologize. 你至少應(yīng)該道個(gè)歉吧。/ I have come to apologize to you. 我是來向您道歉的。/ I must apologize for calling you so

47、 late. 實(shí)在抱歉,這么晚給您打電話。appearE5pIE vi. 出現(xiàn),看來,似乎:It appears that he is ill.=He appears to be ill. 他似乎病了。/ There appears to be something the matter with her. 她好像出了什么事似的。【用法】1.不及物,不能有賓語,也不能用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)。2.與look, seem 后可接介詞 like 不同,appear 后不接介詞like。apple5Apl n. C蘋果:the apple of sbs eye 珍愛之物April5eIprEl n.四月(略作Ap

48、r.):April fool=April Fools Day 愚人節(jié)(4月1日)area5ZErIE n. C,U面積,地區(qū),區(qū)域:Teachers are in demand in this area. 在這個(gè)地區(qū)很需要教師。/ Parking is prohibited in this area. 此處禁止停車?!居梅ā勘硎灸车孛娣e大小的方法很多,如要表示“我們庭園的面積為20平方米”,可說成:Our garden has an area of twenty square meters. / The area of our garden is twenty square meters. /

49、 Our garden is twenty square meters in area. / Our garden covers an area of twenty square meters.argue5B:gju: v.爭(zhēng)論,說服,證明:He argued for (against) the plan. 他贊成(反對(duì))這個(gè)計(jì)劃。/They always argue about over money. 他們總是為錢爭(zhēng)吵。armB:m n. C手臂,胳膊;(用復(fù)數(shù))武器 v.武裝,裝備:He was wounded in the arm. 他的胳膊受傷了。/ She held took her

50、 handbag in her arms. 她雙手把手提包抱在懷里。【短語】arm in arm 臂挽著臂 / be armed to the teeth 全副武裝army5B:mI n.軍隊(duì);大群:He also asked to join the army. 他也要求去參軍。/ an army of bees 一大群蜜蜂【用法】用作主語,謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)(從整體考慮)或復(fù)數(shù)(從個(gè)體考慮)均可:The army was were wiped out. 這支軍隊(duì)被消滅了。aroundE5raJnd prep.在周圍;環(huán)繞;大約 adv.(在)各處,(在)附近,到處,在周圍:There was a

51、 wall around the park. 公園四周有圍墻。/ Will you please wait around for me? 請(qǐng)?jiān)诟浇任液脝?arrivalE5raIvEl n.U到達(dá) C到來的人或物:On my arrival at in Paris I went to see her. 我一到巴黎,就去看她了。/ Come and meet the new arrivals. 來見見新來的人。arriveE5raIv vi.到達(dá),(時(shí)間)到來,得出(結(jié)論),(嬰兒)出生,來到:He was the first to arrive. 他第一個(gè)到。/ It took a long

52、 time to arrive at a conclusion. 花了很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間才達(dá)成一個(gè)結(jié)論。/ Her baby arrived during the night. 她的小孩是夜里生的?!居梅ā坎患拔?,后接地點(diǎn),需借助介詞at或in (地方較小用at,較大用in)。artB:t n.U,C藝術(shù),美術(shù);技藝,技術(shù);(用復(fù)數(shù))人文學(xué)科:Art is long; life is short. (諺語)藝術(shù)長(zhǎng)久,人生短暫。/ a work of art 一件美術(shù)品 / Language teaching is both a science and an art. 語言教學(xué)既是一門科學(xué)又是一門藝術(shù)。a

53、rticle5B:tIkl n.C(尤指報(bào)刊雜志上的)文章;物品,物件;冠詞:What does the article discuss? 這篇文章講的是什么? / an article of clothing 一件衣服artist5B:tIst n. C美術(shù)家:He has no wish to be an artist. 他不想做藝術(shù)家。asAs conj.當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候;由于;盡管;隨著,與一樣 prep.作為,當(dāng)作adv.同樣,相同 pron.正如:He dropped the glass as he stood up. 他站起來時(shí),把杯子摔了。/ This is the same as i

54、t was before. 這個(gè)與以前一樣。/ As you are tired, you had better rest. 你累了,最好休息一下。/ As the wages advanced, so did the cost of living. 隨著工資的提高, 生活費(fèi)用也提高了?!径陶Z】asas 與一樣 / not as soas 不像,不如 / as if=as though 好像,好似 / as yet 迄今,到目前為止 / as so long as 只要 / as soon as 一就 / as to 關(guān)于,至于【用法】1.用作連詞,表示“盡管”時(shí),要用于倒裝句,且倒裝后位于句

55、首的名詞通常不用冠詞(等于though):Child as=though he was, he did quite well. 他雖是個(gè)孩子, 但已干得很不錯(cuò)。2.用作關(guān)系代詞,有兩種用法:一是用于such, the same, as等之后引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句:Such men as(=Those men who) heard of him praised him. 聽說過他的人都贊揚(yáng)他。二是單獨(dú)用作關(guān)系代詞,引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句,可放在主句之前(常譯為:正如)或之后(常譯為:這一點(diǎn)),且主從句之間一般要用逗號(hào)隔開:He was absent, as is often the case. 他缺席

56、了,這是常有的事。ashAF n.灰,(常用pl)灰燼,骨灰,遺體:The house (was) burned to ashes. 房子燒成灰燼了。【用法】表示“灰”時(shí)本來不可數(shù),但有時(shí)可用復(fù)數(shù)形式代替單數(shù)形式,且意思不變:cigarette ash ashes 煙灰ashamedE5FeImd adj.慚愧,害臊:I am half ashamed to do so. 這樣做我有些不好意思。/ You really ought to be ashamed of that. 你實(shí)在應(yīng)該對(duì)此感到慚愧。/ Not feel ashamed to ask and learn from people

57、 below. 不恥下問。Asia5eIFE n.亞洲:China is in the east of Asia. 中國(guó)位于亞洲東部。/ Our factory exports to Southeast Asia. 我廠向東南亞出口產(chǎn)品。Asian5eIFEn n.C亞洲人 adj.亞洲的,亞洲人的:The First East Asian Games were held in Shanghai in 1993. 第1屆東亞運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)于1993年在上海舉行。askB:sk v.問,要求;請(qǐng)求:Since you ask, I will tell you. 你既然問,我就告訴你。He asked to see the manager. 他求見經(jīng)理。【短語】ask for sth 請(qǐng)求,向要 / ask sb for sth 請(qǐng)某人給某物 / ask after 問候(身體健康) / ask about 打聽,查詢asleepE5sli:p adj.睡著的:He fell asleep during the lesson. 他在上課時(shí)睡著了?!居梅ā?. 通常只用作表語,不能單獨(dú)放在名詞前

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