英語讀寫3原文翻譯

1、unit 1 Mr. Doherty Builds His Dream LifeIn America many people have a romantic idea of life in the countryside. Many living in towns dream of starting up their own farm, of living off the land. Few get round to putting their dreams into practice. This is perhaps just as well, as the life of a farmer

2、 is far from easy, as Jim Doherty discovered when he set out to combine being a writer with running a farm. Nevertheless, as he explains, he has no regrets and remains enthusiastic 熱情的 about his decision to change his way of life.在美國，不少人對鄉(xiāng)村生活懷有浪漫的情感。許多居住在城鎮(zhèn)的人夢想著自己辦個農(nóng)場，夢想著靠土地為生。很少有人真去把夢想變?yōu)楝F(xiàn)實?；蛟S這也沒有什么

3、不好，因為，正如吉姆多爾蒂當初開始其寫作和農(nóng)場經(jīng)營雙重生涯時所體驗到的那樣，農(nóng)耕生活遠非輕松自在。但他寫道，自己并不后悔，對自己作出的改變生活方式的決定仍熱情不減。Mr. Doherty Builds His Dream LifeJim Doherty1 There are two things I have always wanted to do - write and live on a farm. Today Im doing both. I am not in E. B. Whites class as a writer or in my neighbors league as a f

4、armer, but Im getting by. And after years of frustration with city and suburban living, my wife Sandy and I have finally found contentment here in the country.多爾蒂先生創(chuàng)建自己的理想生活吉姆多爾蒂有兩件事是我一直想做的一一寫作與務農(nóng)。如今我同時做著這兩件事。作為作家，我和E B 懷特不屬同一等級，作為農(nóng)場主，我和鄉(xiāng)鄰也不是同一類人，不過我應付得還行。在城市以及郊區(qū)歷經(jīng)多年的悵惘失望之后，我和妻子桑迪終于在這里的鄉(xiāng)村尋覓到心靈的滿足。2

5、Its a self-reliant sort of life. We grow nearly all of our fruits and vegetables. Our hens keep us in eggs, with several dozen left over to sell each week. Our bees provide us with honey, and we cut enough wood to just about make it through the heating season.這是一種自力更生的生活。 我們食用的果蔬幾乎都是自己種的。自家飼養(yǎng)的雞提供雞蛋，

6、每星期還能剩余幾十個出售。自家養(yǎng)殖的蜜蜂提供蜂蜜，我們還自己動手砍柴，足可供過冬取暖之用。3 Its a satisfying life too. In the summer we canoe on the river, go picnicking in the woods and take long bicycle rides. In the winter we ski and skate. We get excited about sunsets. We love the smell of the earth warming and the sound of cattle lowing.

7、We watch for hawks in the sky and deer in the cornfields.這也是一種令人滿足的生活。夏日里我們在河上蕩舟，在林子里野餐，騎著自行車長時間漫游。冬日里我們滑雪溜冰。我們?yōu)槁淙盏挠噍x而激動。我們愛聞大地回暖的氣息，愛聽牛群峰叫。我們守著看鷹兒飛過上空，看玉米田間鹿群嬉躍。4 But the good life can get pretty tough. Three months ago when it was 30 below, we spent two miserable days hauling firewood up the river

8、 on a sled. Three months from now, it will be 95 above and we will be cultivatingcultivating培養(yǎng) corn, weeding strawberries and killing chickens. Recently, Sandy and I had to retile the back roof. Soon Jim, 16 and Emily, 13, the youngest of our four children, will help me make some long-overdue improv

9、ements on the outdoor toilet that supplements our indoor plumbing whenwe are working outside. Later this month, well spray the orchard, paint the barn, plant the garden and clean the hen house before the new chicks arrive.但如此美妙的生活有時會變得相當艱苦。就在三個月前，氣溫降到華氏零下 30 度，我們辛苦勞作了整整兩天， 用一個雪橇沿著河邊拖運木柴。 再過三個月， 氣溫會升

10、到 95 度，我們就要給玉米松土， 在草莓地除草， 還要宰殺家禽。 前一陣子我和桑迪不得不翻修后屋頂。過些時候，四個孩子中的兩個小的， 16 歲的吉米和 13 歲的埃米莉，會幫著我一起把拖了很久沒修的室外廁所修葺一下， 那是專為室外干活修建的。 這個月晚些時候， 我們要給果樹噴灑藥水，要油漆谷倉，要給菜園播種，要趕在新的小雞運到之前清掃雞舍。5 In between such chores, I manage to spend 50 to 60 hours a week at the typewriter or doing reporting for the freelance article

11、s I sell to magazines and newspapers. Sandy, meanwhile, pursues her own demanding schedule. Besides the usual household routine, she oversees the garden and beehives, bakes bread, cans and freezes, drives the kids to their music lessons, practices with them, takes organ lessons on her own, does rese

12、arch and typing for me, writes an article herself now and then, tends the flower beds, stacks a little wood and delivers the eggs.There is, as the old saying goes, no rest for the wicked on a place like this - and not much for the virtuous either. 在這些活計之間，我每周要抽空花五、六十個小時，不是打字撰文， 就是為作為自由撰稿人投給報刊的文章進行采訪

13、。 桑迪則有她自己繁忙的工作日程。 除了日 常的家務，她還照管菜園和蜂房，烘烤面包，將食品裝罐、冷藏，開車送孩子學音樂，和他 們一起練習，自己還要上風琴課，為我做些研究工作并打字， 自己有時也寫寫文章，還要侍 弄花圃，堆摞木柴、運送雞蛋。正如老話說的那樣，在這種情形之下，壞人不得閑一一賢德 之人也歇不了。6 None of us will ever forget our first winter. We were buried under five feet of snow from December through March. While one storm after another b

14、lasted huge drifts up against the house and barn, we kept warm inside burning our own wood, eating our own apples and loving every minute of it.我們誰也不會忘記第一年的冬天。從12 月一直到 3 月底，我們都被深達5 英尺的積雪困著。暴風雪肆虐，一場接著一場，積雪厚厚地覆蓋著屋子和谷倉，而室內(nèi)，我們用自己砍伐的木柴燒火取暖，吃著自家種植的蘋果，溫馨快樂每一分鐘。7 When spring came, it brought two floods. Fir

15、st the river overflowed, covering much of our land for weeks. Then the growing season began, swamping us under wave after wave of produce. Our freezer filled up with cherries, raspberries, strawberries, asparagus, peas, beans and corn. Then our canned-goods shelves and cupboards began to grow with p

16、reserves, tomato juice, grape juice, plums, jams and jellies. Eventually, the basement floor disappeared under piles of potatoes, squash and pumpkins, and the barn began to fill with apples and pears. It was amazing.開春后， 有過兩次泛濫。 一次是河水外溢， 我們不少田地被淹了幾個星期。 接著一次是生長季節(jié)到了， 一波又一波的農(nóng)產(chǎn)品潮涌而來， 弄得我們應接不暇。 我們的冰箱里塞滿了

17、櫻桃、藍莓、草莓、蘆筍、豌豆、青豆和玉米。接著我們存放食品罐的架子上、柜櫥里也開始堆滿一罐罐的腌漬食品，有番茄汁、葡萄汁、李子、果醬和果凍。最后，地窖里遍地是大堆大堆的土豆、西葫蘆、南瓜，谷倉里也儲滿了蘋果和梨。真是太美妙了。8 The next year we grew even more food and managed to get through the winter on firewood that was mostly from our own trees and only 100 gallons of heating oil. At that point I began thin

18、king seriously about quitting my job and starting to freelance. The timing was terrible.By then, Shawn and Amy, our oldest girls were attending expensive Ivy League schools and we had only a few thousand dollars in the bank. Yet we kept coming back to the same question: Will there ever be a better t

19、ime? The answer, decidedly, was no, and so - with my employers blessings and half a years pay in accumulated benefits in my pocket - off I went.第二年我們種了更多的作物， 差不多就靠著從自家樹林砍斫的木柴以及僅僅 100 加侖的燃油過了冬。 其時， 我開始認真考慮起辭了職去從事自由撰稿的事來。 時機選得實在太差。當時， 兩個大的女兒肖恩和埃米正在費用很高的常春藤學校上學， 而我們只有幾千美金的銀行存款。 但我們一再回到一個老問題上來： 真的會有更好的時

20、機嗎？答案無疑是否定的。 于 是，帶著老板的祝福，口袋里揣著作為累積津貼的半年薪水，我走了。9 There have been a few anxious moments since then, but on balance things have gone much better than we had any right to expect. For various stories of mine, Ive into black -bear dens for Sports Illustrated, hitched up dogsled racing teams for Smithsonia

21、n magazine, checked out the Lake Champlain monster for Science Digest, and canoed through the Boundary Waters wilderness area of Minnesota for Destinations.那以后有過一些焦慮的時刻， 但總的來說， 情況比我們料想的要好得多。 為了寫那些內(nèi)容各不相同的文章，我為體育畫報爬進過黑熊窩；為史密森期刊替參賽的一組組狗套上過雪橇；為科學文摘調(diào)查過尚普蘭湖水怪的真相；為終點雜志在明尼蘇達劃著小舟穿越美、加邊界水域內(nèi)的公共荒野保護區(qū)。crawled10

22、Im not making anywhere near as much money as I did when I was employed full time, but now we dont need as much either. I generate enough income to handle our $600 -a-month mortgage payments plus the usual expenses for a family like ours. That includes everything from music lessons and dental bills t

23、o car repairs and college costs. When it comes to insurance, we have a poor mans major -medical policy. We have to pay the first $500 of any medical fees for each member of the family. It picks up 80% of the costs beyond that. Although we are stuck with paying minor expenses, our premium is low - on

24、ly $560 a year - and we are covered against catastrophe. Aside from that and the policy on our two cars at $400 a year, we have no other insurance. But we are setting aside $2,000 a year in an IRA.我掙的錢遠比不上擔任全職工作時的收入， 可如今我們需要的錢也沒有過去多。 我掙的錢足以應付每月 600 美金的房屋貸款按揭以及一家人的日常開銷。 那些開銷包括了所有支出，如音樂課學費、牙醫(yī)賬單、汽車維修以及

25、大學費用等等。至于保險，我們買了一份低收入者的主要醫(yī)療項目保險。 我們需要為每一位家庭成員的任何一項醫(yī)療費用支付最初的 500 美金。醫(yī)療保險則支付超出部分的80 。雖然我們?nèi)砸Ц缎〔糠轴t(yī)療費用，但我們的保險費也低-每年只要560 美金 -而我們給自己生大病保了險。除了這一保險項目，以及兩輛2000 美元入個人退汽車每年 400 美金的保險，我們就沒有其他保險了。不過我們每年留出 休金賬戶。11 Weve been able to make up the difference in income by cutting back without appreciably lowering our

26、 standard of living. We continue to dine out once or twice a month, but now we patronize local restaurants instead of more expensive places in the city. We still attend the opera and ballet in Milwaukee but only a few times a year. We eat less meat, drink cheaper wine and see fewer movies. Extravaga

27、nt Christmases are a memory, and we combine vacations with story assignments.我們通過節(jié)約開支而又不明顯降低生活水準的方式來彌補收入差額。 我們每個月仍出去吃一兩次飯， 不過現(xiàn)在我們光顧的是當?shù)夭宛^， 而不是城里的高級飯店。 我們?nèi)匀ッ軤栁?基聽歌劇看芭蕾演出，不過一年才幾次。我們?nèi)獬缘蒙倭耍坪鹊帽阋肆?，電影看得少了。鋪張的圣誕節(jié)成為一種回憶，我們把完成稿約作為度假的一部分12 I suspect not everyone who loves the country would be happy living the

28、 way we do. It takes a couple of special qualities. One is a tolerance for solitude. Because we are so busy and on such a tight budget, we dont entertain much. During the growing season there is no time for socializing anyway. Jim and Emily are involved in school activities, but they too spend most

29、of their time at home.我想， 不是所有熱愛鄉(xiāng)村的人都會樂意過我們這種生活的。 這種生活需要一些特殊的素質(zhì)。 其一是耐得住寂寞。 由于我們?nèi)绱嗣β担?手頭又緊， 我們很少請客。 在作物生長季節(jié)，根本就沒工夫參加社交活動。 吉米和埃米莉雖然參加學校的各種活動， 但他倆大多數(shù)時間也 呆在家里。13 The other requirement is energy - a lot of it. The way to make self -sufficiency work on a small scale is to resist the temptation to buy a tr

30、actor and other expensive laborsaving devices. Instead, you do the work yourself. The only machinery we own (not counting the lawn mower) is a little three -horsepower rotary cultivator and a 16 -inch chain saw.另一項要求是體力相當大的體力。 小范圍里實現(xiàn)自給自足的途徑是抵制誘惑，不去購置拖拉機和其他昂貴的節(jié)省勞力的機械。 相反，你要自己動手。我們僅有的機器(不包括割草機)是一臺 3 馬

31、力的小型旋轉(zhuǎn)式耕耘機以及一架16 英寸的鏈鋸。14 How much longer well have enough energy to stay on here is anybodys guess - perhaps for quite a while, perhaps not. When the time comes, well leave with a feeling of sorrow but also with a sense of pride at what weve been able to accomplish. We should make a fair profit on

32、the sale of the place, too. Weve invested about $35,000 of our own money in it, and we could just about double that if we sold today. But this is not a good time to sell. Once economic conditions improve, however, demand for farms like ours should be strong again.沒人知道我們還能有精力在這里再呆多久-也許呆很長一陣子，也許不是。到走的

33、時候， 我們會愴然離去， 但也會為自己所做的一切深感自豪。 我們把農(nóng)場出售也會賺相當大一筆錢。 我們自己在農(nóng)場投入了約 35 ， 000 美金的資金， 要是現(xiàn)在售出的話價格差不多可以翻一倍。 不過現(xiàn)在不是出售的好時機。 但是一旦經(jīng)濟形勢好轉(zhuǎn)， 對我們這種農(nóng)場的需求又會增 多。15 We didnt move here primarily to earn money though. We came because we wanted to improve the quality of our lives. When I watch Emily collecting eggs in the eve

34、ning, fishing with Jim on the river or enjoying an old -fashioned picnic in the orchard with the entire family, I know weve found just what we were looking for.但我們主要不是為了賺錢而移居至此的。 我們來此居住是因為想提高生活質(zhì)量。 當我看著埃米莉傍晚去收雞蛋， 跟吉米一起在河上釣魚， 或和全家人一起在果園里享用老式的野餐，我知道，我們找到了自己一直在尋求的生活方式。In 2004 a center in honor of the un

35、derground railroad opens in Cincinnati. The railroad was unusual. It sold no tickets and had no trains. Yet it carried thousands of passengers to the destination of their dreams.2004 年，一個紀念“地下鐵路”的中心將在辛辛那提州成立。這條鐵路不同尋常，它不出售車票，也無火車行駛。然而，它將成千上萬的乘客送往他們夢想中的目的地。The Freedom GiversFergus M. Bordewich1 A gent

36、le breeze swept the Canadian plains as I stepped outside the small two -story house. Alongside me was a slender woman in a black dress, my guide back to a time when the surrounding settlement in Dresden, Ontario, was home to a hero in American history. As we walked toward a plain gray church, Barbar

37、a Carter spoke proudly of her great -great-grandfather, Josiah Henson. He was confident that the Creator intended all men to be created equal. And he never gave up struggling for that freedom. 給人以自由者弗格斯 M 博得威奇我步出這幢兩層小屋， 加拿大平原上輕風微拂。 我身邊是一位苗條的黑衣女子， 把我 帶回到過去的向?qū)А?那時， 安大略省得雷斯頓這一帶住著美國歷史上的一位英雄。 我們前往 一座普普通通

38、的灰色教堂，芭芭拉卡特自豪地談論著其高祖喬賽亞亨森。“他堅信上帝要所有人生來平等。他從來沒有停止過爭取這一自由權(quán)利的奮斗。 ”2 Carters devotion to her ancestor is about more than personal pride: it is about family honor. For Josiah Henson has lived on through the character in American fiction that he helped inspire: Uncle Tom, the long -suffering slave in Harr

39、iet Beecher Stowes Uncle Toms Cabin. Ironically, that character has come to symbolize everything Henson was not. A racial sellout unwilling to stand up for himself? Carter gets angry at the thought. Josiah Henson was a man of principle, she said firmly.卡特對其先輩的忠誠不僅僅關(guān)乎一己之驕傲，而關(guān)乎家族榮譽。因為喬賽亞亨森至今仍為人所知是由于他所

40、激發(fā)的創(chuàng)作靈感使得一個美國小說人物問世：湯姆叔叔，哈麗特比徹斯陀的小說湯姆叔叔的小屋中那個逆來順受的黑奴。具有諷刺意味的是，這一人物 所象征的一切在亨森身上一點都找不到。 一個不愿奮起力爭、 背叛種族的黑人？卡特對此頗 為憤慨?！皢藤悂喓嗌莻€有原則的人，”她肯定地說。I had traveled here to Hensons last home - now a historic site that Carter formerly directed - to learn more about a man who was, in many ways, an African -American

41、Moses. After winning his own freedom from slavery, Henson secretly helped hundreds of other slaves to escape north to Canada - and liberty. Many settled here in Dresden with him.我遠道前來亨森最后的居所如今已成為卡特曾管理過的一處歷史遺跡是為了更多地了解此人，他在許多方面堪稱黑人摩西。亨森自己擺脫了黑奴身份獲得自由之后，便秘密幫助其他許多黑奴逃奔北方去加拿大逃奔自由之地。 許多人和他一起在得雷斯頓 這一帶定居了下來。4

42、 Yet this stop was only part of a much larger mission for me. Josiah Henson is but one name on a long list of courageous men and women who together forged the Underground Railroad, a secret web of escape routes and safe houses that they used to liberate slaves from the American South. Between 1820 a

43、nd 1860, as many as 100,000 slaves traveled the Railroad to freedom.但此地只是我所承擔的繁重使命的一處停留地。喬賽亞亨森只是一長串無所畏懼的男女名單中的一個名字，這些人共同創(chuàng)建了這條“地下鐵路” ，一條由逃亡線路和可靠的人家組成的用以解放美國南方黑奴的秘密網(wǎng)絡。在1820 年至 1860 年期間，多達十萬名黑奴經(jīng)由此路走向自由。5 In October 2000, President Clinton authorized $16 million for the National Underground Railroad Fre

44、edom Center to honor this first great civil -rights struggle in the U. S. The center is scheduled to open in 2004 in Cincinnati. And its about time. For the heroes of the Underground Railroad remain too little remembered, their exploits still largely unsung. I was intent on telling their stories. 20

45、00 年 10 月，克林頓總統(tǒng)批準撥款1600 萬美元建造全國“地下鐵路”自由中心，以此紀念美國歷史上第一次偉大的民權(quán)斗爭。中心計劃于2004 年在辛辛那提州建成。 真是該建立這樣一個中心的時候了。 因為地下鐵路的英雄們依然默默無聞， 他們的業(yè) 績依然少人頌揚。我要講述他們的故事。6 John Parker tensed when he heard the soft knock. Peering out his door into the night, he recognized the face of a trusted neighbor. Theres a party of escaped

46、 slaves hiding in the woods in Kentucky, twenty miles from the river, the man whispered urgently. Parker didnt hesitate. Ill go, he said, pushing a pair of pistols into his pockets.聽到輕輕的敲門聲，約翰帕克神情緊張起來。他開門窺望，夜色中認出是一位可靠 的鄰居。 “有一群逃亡奴隸躲在肯塔基州的樹林里，就在離河20 英里的地方， ”那人用急迫的口氣低語道。帕克沒一點兒遲疑。 “我就去， ”他說著，把兩支手槍揣進口袋。

47、7 Born a slave two decades before, in the 1820s, Parker had been taken from his mother at age eight and forced to walk in chains from Virginia to Alabama, where he was sold on the slave market. Determined to live free someday, he managed to get trained in iron molding. Eventually he saved enough mon

48、ey working at this trade on the side to buy his freedom. Now, by day, Parker worked in an iron foundry in the Ohio port of Ripley. By night he was a conductor on the Underground Railroad, helping people slip by the slave hunters. In Kentucky, where he was now headed, there was a $1000 reward for his

49、 capture, dead or alive.20 年前，即 19 世紀 20 年代，生來即為黑奴的帕克才8 歲就被從母親身邊帶走，被迫拖著鐐銬從弗吉尼亞走到阿拉巴馬， 在那里的黑奴市場被買走。 他打定主意有朝一日要過自由的生活， 便設法學會了鑄鐵這門手藝。 后來他終于靠這門手藝攢夠錢贖回了自由。 現(xiàn)在，帕克白天在俄亥俄州里普利港的一家鑄鐵廠干活。 到了晚上， 他就成了地下鐵路的一位 “乘務員” ， 幫助人們避開追捕逃亡黑奴的人。 在他正前往的肯塔基州， 當局懸賞 1000 美元抓他， 活人死尸都要。8 Crossing the Ohio River on that chilly night

50、, Parker found ten fugitives frozen with fear. Get your bundles and follow me, he told them, leading the eight men and two women toward the river. They had almost reached shore when a watchman spotted them and raced off to spread the news.在那個陰冷的夜晚，帕克渡過俄亥俄河，找到了十個喪魂落魄的逃亡者。 “拿好包裹跟我走， ”他一邊吩咐他們，一邊帶著這八男二女

51、朝河邊走去。就要到岸時，一個巡夜人發(fā) 現(xiàn)了他們，急忙跑開去報告。9 Parker saw a small boat and, with a shout, pushed the escaping slaves into it. There was room for all but two. As the boat slid across the river, Parker watched helplessly as the pursuers closed in around the men he was forced to leave behind.帕克看見一條小船，便大喝一聲， 把那些逃亡黑奴

52、推上了船。大家都上了船，但有兩個人容不下。小船徐徐駛向?qū)Π?，帕克眼睜睜地看著追捕者把他被迫留下的兩個男人圍住。10 The others made it to the Ohio shore, where Parker hurriedly arranged for a wagon to take them to the next station on the Underground Railroad - the first leg of their journey to safety in Canada. Over the course of his life, John Parker guid

53、ed more than 400 slaves to safety.其他的人都上了岸， 帕克急忙安排了一輛車把他們帶到地下鐵路的下一 “站” 他們走向安全的加拿大之旅的第一程。約翰帕克在有生之年一共帶領(lǐng)400多名黑奴走向安全之地。11 While black conductors were often motivated by their own painful experiences, whites were commonly driven by religious convictions. Levi Coffin, a Quaker raised in North Carolina, ex

54、plained, The Bible, in bidding us to feed the hungry and clothe the naked, said nothing about color.黑人去當乘務員常常是由于本人痛苦的經(jīng)歷， 而那些白人則往往是受了宗教信仰的感召。在北卡羅來納州長大的貴格會教徒利瓦伊科芬解釋說：“圣經(jīng)上只是要我們給饑者以食物，無衣者以衣衫，但沒提到過膚色的事。 ”12 In the 1820s Coffin moved west to Newport (now Fountain City), Indiana, where he opened a store. W

55、ord spread that fleeing slaves could always find refuge at the Coffin home. At times he sheltered as many as 17 fugitives at once, and he kept a team and wagon ready to convey them on the next leg of their journey. Eventually three principal routes converged at the Coffin house, which came to be the

56、 Grand Central Terminal of the Underground Railroad.在 19 世紀 20 年代，科芬向西遷移前往印第安納州的新港(即今天的噴泉市) ，在那里開了一家小店。 人們傳說， 逃亡黑奴在科芬家總是能得到庇護。 有時他一次庇護的逃亡者就多達 17 人，他還備有一組人員和車輛把他們送往下一段行程。到后來有三條主要路線在科芬家匯合，科芬家成了地下鐵路的中央車站。13For his efforts, Coffin received frequent death threats and warnings that his store and home woul

57、d be burned. Nearly every conductor faced similar risks - or worse. In the North, a magistrate might have imposed a fine or a brief jail sentence for aiding those escaping. In the Southern states, whites were sentenced to months or even years in jail. One courageous Methodist minister, Calvin Fairba

58、nk, was imprisoned for more than 17 years in Kentucky, where he kept a log of his beatings: 35,105 stripes with the whip.科芬經(jīng)常由于他做的工作受到被殺的威脅， 收到焚毀他店鋪和住宅的警告。 幾乎每一個乘務員都面臨類似的危險或者更為嚴重。 在北方， 治安 會對幫助逃亡的人課以罰金，或判以短期監(jiān)禁。 在南方各州， 白人則被判處幾個月甚至幾年的監(jiān)禁。 一位勇敢的循道宗牧師卡爾文費爾班克在肯塔基州被關(guān)押了17年多，他記錄了自己遭受毒打的情況：總共被鞭笞了 35,105 下。14 As for the slaves, escape meant a journey of hundreds of miles through unknown country, where they were usually easy to recognize. With no road signs and few maps, th