蓄電池使用維護保養(yǎng)手冊

1、湖北駱駝蓄電池股份有限公司Hubei Camel Storage Battery Co.,Ltd.蓄電池使用手冊User Manual of Battery第一章 基本知識Chapter 1 Basic knowledge安全防護Safty Protection防護： 操作安裝蓄電池需佩戴防護眼睛。Protection: To wear the protective goggles when operate on battery.防短路：避免金屬工具和導(dǎo)線同時接觸正負極，以防止短路。Preventing short circuit: avoid the metal tool and wire

2、to touch the positive and negative plates together, or thatll be short circuit.防爆： 蓄電池在充電、搬運或震動過程中會產(chǎn)生易爆氣體，并從排氣孔中排出。環(huán)境中氫氣濃度超過4%. 遇明火即會發(fā)生爆炸。故需保持環(huán)境通風(fēng)，嚴(yán)禁明火。Explosion Prevention: Its easy to produce explosive gas and vent from the vent hole. If the denseity of hydrogen over 4%, it will be burst when ther

3、es open flam. So need to keep the environment ventilative, and far away from the open flam.蓄電池在充電時嚴(yán)禁在未斷開電源的情況下搬動或挪動電池；剛充電完畢的電池禁止附近有明火和撞擊及摔置。When charge the battery,it cant be moved before power off; There cant be open flam and it cant be striked or fell over.防酸： 蓄電池內(nèi)的液體為稀硫酸，需小心搬運，垂直放置，防止硫酸溢出。如皮膚接觸硫酸

4、，需立即脫去受污染衣物，并立即用大量清水沖洗；如眼睛接觸硫酸，需立即用干凈的清水沖洗至少2分鐘后立即就醫(yī)；如意外吞食硫酸，立即飲用大量的清水和牛奶，必要時就醫(yī)。Acid-proof: The liquid in battery is dilute sulphuric acid,so please be careful to move ,and keep upright to prevent acid overflow.If there is acid on skin,please use clean water to wash at least 2 minutes immediately th

5、en go to the hospital; If eat the acid accidently, please drink a lot of water and milk, if necessary, go to see a doctor.兩極斷開及連接順序 The order of connection and cutting the poles off 斷開：先負后正cut off:first negative then positive 連接：先正后負 connection: first positive then negative 心法訣竅：任何情況下避免負極單獨連接蓄電池！Key

6、: Never only connect the negative pole to the battery.蓄電池的運輸 Delivery of battery 運輸過程中避免過度顛簸、避免撞擊 To prevent over shake and strike. 運輸環(huán)境避免高溫（不超過45）。 To prevent the environmental temperature too high (keep below 45 ) 蓄電池不可以倒置或斜置。 Never put the battery slantwise or invertedly. 搬運時蓄電池避免傾斜超過40度角，以防止酸液從排

7、氣孔中流出 When transport the battery, the elevation angle cant be over 40, to prevent the acid flow from the air hole.蓄電池存儲 Store of battery 疊放：蓄電池疊放層次不超過6層，層與層之間要求增加軟質(zhì)絕緣隔離板，嚴(yán)禁擠壓，以防蓄電池外殼變形破裂。Stack: The height of stack layer cant be over 6, request to add the soft insulate division board between layer an

8、d layer. 環(huán)境：高溫（45）會導(dǎo)致蓄電池自放電和電解液中散發(fā)加快。避免在高溫環(huán)境中存放蓄電池，并保持通風(fēng)。Environment:high temperature(45)can cause the battery self-discharge and distribute fast.Never store the battery in high temperature and keep ventilation.庫存：對蓄電池的庫存管理，需堅持先進先出的原則。以防止蓄電池因存儲時間過長而失效，產(chǎn)生不必要的損失。material held in reseve:to manage the b

9、attery which is held in reseve, it must keep an principle: first-in, first out(FIFO), so,to prevent store too long to make some unnecessary loss.補充電：請定期檢測蓄電池，如電壓小于12.4V或電眼變黑，必須進行一次完全補充電。Supplementary charge: please check the battery in time, if the voltage is below 12.4V or the electric eye turns to

10、 be black, it mist be full recharged.故障名稱的解釋 Explanation of error 硫化：電池6個單格中正極板表面呈黃色或黃白色(正常為棕褐色)，板柵酥脆，解剖電池見正負極板活性物質(zhì)堅硬結(jié)實，一折就斷，電壓明顯低于標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，且不能檢出其它故障。Sufulration:the colour of positive plates in battery is yellow or yellowish-white(the normal colour is brown), the grids are brickle,if dismantle the batter

11、y,we can see the active material is hard, itll broke off, the voltage is less than the standard set,and other errors cant be checked out.電解液污染：加入雜質(zhì)（銅、鐵、氯、錳等）不符合要求的電解液或雜質(zhì)超標(biāo)的補加液(如以塘水.河水.井水.溪水.田水.自來水.飲用礦泉水等作為電池的補加液)。會出現(xiàn)極板、隔板出現(xiàn)異常顏色，有時會有異味產(chǎn)生。Electrolyte pollution: to add the unexpected electrolyte(such a

12、s include in copper iron chlorinemanganese,ect.) or over impurity electrolyte(for example, add the pool waterriver waterwell waterstream waterwater in fieldrunning waterdrinkable water,ect.) The colour of plates and clapboard turn to be abnormal, and sometimes there is peculiar smell.壽命到：電池出廠日期至退回公司

13、的日期超過公司規(guī)定的時間，加水帽發(fā)黑，池殼色澤變暗，明顯陳舊，池殼底部活性物質(zhì)脫落較多，隔板變黑（炭化），電液混濁，板柵腐蝕。Life is over:The release date to salesreturn date of battery is too long to exceed , the water hat turn to be black, the container turn to be dark, its old obvious,and more active material on batterys bottom shed off ,clapboard turns to

14、be black(charing),electrolyte is turbid, and plates turn to be corrosion .用戶損壞：端子燒損，電池槽蓋非制造質(zhì)量原因引起的爆裂，使用不當(dāng)造成的電池槽蓋損壞，用戶更改端子的形狀，惡意的損壞電池的極板、隔板、匯流排、鉛件等。Damaged by customer: the terminal damaged, container and cover bursted because of the quality problem,and damaged by wrong using method, customer change

15、the shape of terminal, damage the platesclapboard cylinder manifold and lead parts spitefully.過充電：電池殼蓋上附有鉛沉積物，隔板變黑（炭化）、有高溫變形收縮現(xiàn)象；電解液面降低于水位線以下或呈現(xiàn)渾濁；極板活性物質(zhì)嚴(yán)重脫落，槽體有沉淀物；電解液比重高于標(biāo)準(zhǔn)值(1.28g/3，25)；板柵腐蝕斷裂，負板發(fā)泡/膨脹；電池外殼起泡、發(fā)鼓、變形；匯流排變紅、變黃，有積物。Over charged: there are lead fouling on the surface of battery containe

16、r,the clapboard turn to be black(charing), thatll transform and shrink in high temperature;The electrolyte is nepheloid or below the hypsogram level ;The active material in plates shed off seriously, there is sediment in the container; the propotion of electrolyte is higher than standard setting(1.2

17、8g/3，25); the grids are corrosive and broken, negative poles expand;the container of battery turn to be expansiontympanitestransformation; the cylinder manifold turn to be red, yellow and theres sediment.運損：電池未上車使用前的任意部位損壞，指未上車使用前端子、槽蓋損傷，運輸中非制造質(zhì)量原因引起的電池漏液（常見的倒置）、爆裂等。Damaged in delivery:before the ba

18、ttery on the truck,if any parts damaged,include in terminal,container and cover, battery electrolyte leakage(normal system) bursting,ect.which caused by some other problems but not about quality in delivery.第二章 蓄電池更換Chapter II To change the battery更換流程 Flow of changing1.關(guān)閉發(fā)動機和車輛上所有用電器。Stop engine an

19、d other electro-devices in vehicle.2.先斷開蓄電池的負極，再斷開正極。Cut off the negative pole first, then cut off the positive pole.3.取下蓄電池。Remove the battery.4.確認新蓄電池和舊蓄電池性能相一致，使用萬用表確認電池的極性符合及電池質(zhì)量狀態(tài)。To confirm the performance of new battery and old battery can be consistency,to use the multimeter to verify the ba

20、ttery polarity can go well with the battery quality state.5.清潔蓄電池端子和車輛連接線頭。Clean the battery terminal and vehicle connecting line.6.安裝并固定蓄電池。Install and fixed the battery.7.連接蓄電池與車輛的連線（先正后負）。To connec the battery and connecting line(first positive then negative).具備電腦控制車輛的換電池須知 Some necessary knowled

21、ge to change the battery which controled by computer1. 取一只備用蓄電池。Get a spare battery.2. 將備用電池用導(dǎo)線接到原電池夾頭。Connect the spare battery to clip of the primary cell with wire.3. 正接正，負接負。Positive to connect positive , and negative to negative.4. 松開夾頭取出要更換的電池。Loose the clip and remove the battery which need t

22、o be changed.5. 新電池更換后，鎖緊夾頭，再將備用電池拿掉（電腦絕不能斷電，否則系統(tǒng)將錯亂）After changing the new battery, lockin the clip, then remove the spare battery(keep computer on, or the system will be disorder).注意事項Attention matters安裝過程中，防止蓄電池正負極意外短路。During installing, to prevent positive and negative to be short circuit accide

23、ntly.注：部分高檔車車輛完全斷電時,可能需要重新設(shè)定參數(shù),故在更換此類車輛電池時,需保持車輛電器不斷電,或要求用戶攜帶新購的電池,去特約維修站更換。Remark: when some superior vehicle cut off the power fully, maybe, it need to set the parameter again,so if change the battery for the vehicle, it need keep the power on, or request customer to take the new battery to go to

24、pointed maintenance station to change it.第三章 汽車廠家相關(guān)部分Chapter III Some parts about automobile factory第一部分 適用于汽車廠家下線后及售中庫存（售前、售中）First part: used for “off line”and store in selling (before selling, during selling) for automobile factory電池保養(yǎng)及檢查判定流程 Battery maintenance and checking flow車輛下線入庫庫存Off line

25、then store in storage取掉負端子線Remove the negative terminal line每周例行檢查Routine Inspection every week電眼黑色，且電壓低于是12。5V The electric eye is black, and the voltage is below 12.5V.無電眼,電壓低于12。5VWithout electric eye, the voltage is below 12.5V.電眼綠色，電壓高于12。5V. The electric eye is green, the voltage is higher tha

26、n 12.5V.保持負端子線斷開，可繼續(xù)庫存 Keep negative terminal line off, it can still store.按第四章方法充電,靜止24小時,測電壓 Charge as the method set in section 4, keep in rest 24 hours, measure the voltage電壓12.8V,放電后再充電靜止24小,測電壓 voltage is not higher than 12.8V, rest and charge 24 hours after discharge.11V電壓12.8V,放電后再充電,靜止24小時,

27、測電壓11Vvoltage12.8V, charge it after discharge, rest for 24 hours, measure the voltage電壓12.8V,裝車斷開負端子線庫存voltage12.8V,car loading cut off the negative terminal then store電壓11V,退返物流庫或主機廠充電檢查voltage11V,return to logistic store or vehicle factory to charge and check第二部分：售后車輛電池檢查及分析流程Part two:vehicle afte

28、r market inspection and analysis flow按本手冊第四章售后電池檢測流程及判斷和第六章售后車輛電池檢查分析。第四章 售后電池檢測流程及判斷Chapter Inspection flow and judgement for battery after market（適用于電池經(jīng)銷商，汽車制造廠家的售后車輛）(used for after market battery which is selled by battery agency and vehicle factory)一 檢測流程 Inspection flow檢查電眼、電壓Inspect the elect

29、ric eyevoltage搭火起動Light to start更換電池Change battery更換電池Change battery電眼發(fā)白電眼綠色,電壓12.3V indicator is green,voltage12.3VOKindicator turn to be whit電眼黑色,電壓12.3V indicator is green,voltage12.3V檢查發(fā)動機皮帶及卡套松緊Check the engine belt and sleeve ferrule tightness起動失敗或起動 Fail to start or start電器系統(tǒng)、導(dǎo)線材質(zhì)或起動馬達問題Probl

30、em of electro-device systemwire material or starting engine皮帶及卡套連接問題Problem of belt and sleeve ferrule connection 皮帶松馳,卡套不緊Belt and sleeve ferrule loose,正常normal汽車處于起動狀態(tài),關(guān)掉負載,檢查充電電壓The vehicle is in starting state,cut off the load,check charging voltage.發(fā)電機問題Problem of engine13.8V或14.4V Voltage of e

31、ngine is about13.814.4Vless than 13.8V,higher than 14.4V 發(fā)電機電壓在13.814.4V1.車輛附件負載超過發(fā)電機輸出功率.vehicle load is more than engine output .2.行駛情況不能對電池有效補充電(長期行駛路程較短或市區(qū)行駛頻繁啟動).steer state cant supplement power effectively(drive not far or just drive in city and start oftenly)3.電池與汽車電器系統(tǒng)實際不相符(型號不匹配)Battery ca

32、nt go well with vehicle system(type is not the same)4.發(fā)電機或調(diào)節(jié)器問題.Problem of engine or adjustor.5.以上問題的組合.All of the above problems.電池及汽車漏電測試Electric leakage of battery and vehicle汽車系統(tǒng)、附屬器件或?qū)Ь€材質(zhì)問題Problem of Vehicle systemsubordinate parts material of wire20mv 漏電過高 20mv less than 20mv電量消耗正常Power consum

33、e normally 使用或電池問題 problem of using method or battery itself充電后進入第六章分析流程 To start analysis flow in section 6 after charging二 檢測方法 Test method負載檢測；在室溫下，用放電叉以1/2起動電流（BIC，參考電池頂蓋標(biāo)簽）放電15秒。Test with load: in room temperature,discharge 15 seconds as one half starting current(BCI standard,see lable on batte

34、ry cover)with discharge clip.漏電測試：關(guān)閉發(fā)電機和車輛上所有用電器。在保證回路無斷點的條件下，將一只帶有毫安刻度的電流計（可使用萬用表測量）串聯(lián)入電路，接在蓄電池的負極上，將量程調(diào)為最大。觀察表盤，調(diào)整量程直到獲得精確的數(shù)值為止。Electric leakage test: cut off all electro-device on engine and vehicle。Under the condition of loop has no breakpoint,cascade a amperemeter which is in milliamp(aslo can

35、use a multimeter to replace), to connect on negative electrode, set the measuring rang to the nax. Look at the indicator dial, adjust the measuring rang till get the precise data.搭橋起動：bridging starting1、 用一跟搭橋連線連接兩蓄電池的正極。Use a bridging wire to connect two batterys positive electrod.2、 用另一跟搭橋連線連接良好蓄電

36、池的負極和起動困難車輛的發(fā)電機上遠離蓄電池和化油器的適當(dāng)部位。Use another beidging wire to connect the better batterys negative and the fitable place which is far away from battery and carburetor on engine of vehicle that difficult to start.3、 確認搭橋連線不會影響車輛風(fēng)扇/皮帶和其他零件的運動。Please be sure that bridging wire cant influence vehicle fan

37、or belt and other parts.4、 發(fā)動車輛后按照上述相反的順序撤除搭橋連線。After starting vehicle,please remove the bridging wire according to the opposite order above.第五章 蓄電池充電Chapter 5 charging of battery注意事項 Precautions1請在蓄電池充電前嚴(yán)格按照第六式退回蓄電池檢測流程對蓄電池作出判斷，符合充電條件后再開始以下充電程序。 Judge the conditions of battery strictly as per the 6

38、th item- battery inspection procedure. Execute the following charging procedures after fulfilling the conditions. 2不可對外殼破裂/電眼呈白色或電解液已凝固的蓄電池充電。The batteries which will be charged up should be free of enclosure cracking, electric eyes bleaching and electrolyte solidified.3蓄電池的充電必須在通風(fēng)良好的環(huán)境中進行。The charg

39、ing process should be taken in an environment which is ventilating.4充電過程中，若蓄電池溫度超過50攝氏度，則適當(dāng)降低充電電壓，或停止充電；如蓄電池排氣孔有酸液噴出或電眼呈白色，則立即停止充電，蓄電池報廢。In the process of charging, the voltage should be decreased ,or stop the process in case of the battery temperature exceeds 50. If theres acid solution spilling fr

40、om the air vent of the battery or the electric eyes beached, stop charging immediately, and the battery scrapped.充電流程Charging procedure選擇合適的充電設(shè)備，操作前仔細閱讀設(shè)備說明書，并按要求操作。Choose the suitable charging equipment. Read the instructions carefully before operation and do as follows.1. 在充電設(shè)備關(guān)閉的狀態(tài)下，連接蓄電池的端子。conn

41、ect the terminals in the state of the charging equipment is off.2. 充電機輸出的正極（一般為紅色）與蓄電池的正極端子相連，輸出端負極（藍線或黑線）與蓄電池的負極端子相連，并確認連接牢固。connect The positive electrode(usually red) which is output by battery charger with the positive terminal of the battery. Connect the negative electrode(blue or black wire) w

42、ith the negative terminal, and assure the very firm conjunction3. 開通充電機的充電開關(guān)，通過充電機調(diào)節(jié)器，從小致大緩慢調(diào)節(jié)充電電壓或電流，直到達到要求的設(shè)定范圍。Turn on the switch of the battery charger, adjust the charging voltage and current gradually from low point up to setting high point via the adjuster of the charger.4. 按照充電器類型判斷充電時間長短和結(jié)束

43、條件（參考下頁恒壓充電器及恒流充電器充電建議）。Judge the charging period and the exit criteria by the type of the charger.5. 充電結(jié)束時，須先關(guān)閉充電機電源開關(guān)，然后斷開蓄電池的充電連接線（充電過程中切勿在未斷開電源的情況下拆卸充電連接線）。Once the charging is over, turn off the charger first, and then cut off the charging wires of the battery. (Do not tear down the wires in th

44、e charging process )蓄電池充電電壓及電流設(shè)定 Settings of the charging voltage and current of battery蓄電池的充電依據(jù)充電形式的不同，可分為依據(jù)車載充電系統(tǒng)充電和脫離車體的恒壓充電。The battery charging can be divided into charge the charging system on vehicle and charge with constant voltage off vehicle in accordance of the different types of charging

45、.1. 車載充電受車載電器系統(tǒng)的控制，注意測量車載電器系統(tǒng)充電電壓的設(shè)定。Charge on vehicle is controlled by the on-vehicle system, pls notice the settings of the charging voltage of the car-mounted system.若設(shè)定電壓高于14.4V以上時會因過量充電，將使蓄電池內(nèi)電解液中水強烈分解或?qū)е聵O板脫粉，嚴(yán)重降低電池的使用壽命，甚至報廢。If the setting voltage is higher than 14.4V, the water of the electro

46、lyte will be decomposed or the in cause of over charged. The service life of the battery will be drastically reduced, even scrapped.低于13.8V時發(fā)電量將不能滿足使用要求，造成電池長時間虧電容易產(chǎn)生硫酸鹽化。因此合理選擇浮充電壓和電流將有益于電池的使用性能。If the setting voltage is lower than 13.8V, it will not able not meet the using requirement, and will ma

47、ke the battery in a long time of power shortage which easily leads to sulfitation. Therefore, Choosing the float charging voltage and current reasonably is beneficial to performance of battery.2. 脫離車體恒壓充電維護性均衡充電，宜使用專用充電設(shè)備進行。其電壓設(shè)置以15V/單只為宜，隨充電時間的延續(xù)，待充電電流下降0.006C且穩(wěn)定3小時以上時，即表明充電量已充足，即可以適時終止充電。Charging

48、with constant voltage off vehicle is a kind of maintainable equalizing charge which should use special charging equipment. The setting voltage should be 15V/item. As the charging time went by, once the charging current decreases 0.006C and is stable for more than 3 hours, it indicates the capacity i

49、s in full and the charging can be terminated.3. 充電電壓設(shè)置低時，相應(yīng)因充電電流小難以保證電池的容量值；反之電壓設(shè)置高，充電電流大，溫升快，則易消耗電池內(nèi)的電解液，嚴(yán)重影響電池的使用壽命。When the setting voltage is low, the capacity limitation of the battery can not be assured as the charging current is low. Whereas, if the setting voltage is higher, the current will

50、 be higher, and the temperature will rise more rapidly. All the above factors lead the electrolyte will be easier to be expended. And the service life of the battery will be drastically reduced4. 充電過程中，應(yīng)將電池置于空闊、干燥的環(huán)境中，且保持環(huán)境通風(fēng)良好。蓄電池閑置時，其容量會自然損失。請于一個月內(nèi)進行一次補充電。During the process of charging, the batter

51、y should be placed in a spacious and dry environment. The environment should be well ventilated. Please charge up the battery once a month as the capacity limitation will be reduced if the battery is left unused.During the charging procedure, the air vent of the battery should be unobstructed. Flame

52、, spark and open fire are strictly prohibited so as to prevent the accident of explosion.5. 蓄電池在充電使用過程中應(yīng)注意電池排氣孔的通暢、避免火焰、火花及明火的靠近，防止爆炸等意外事故的發(fā)生。Please keep vent hole to be clear, keep no firespark or open flame,prevent explosive and other contretemps. Battery using life table of floating charge 恒壓充電機（

53、電池開路電壓大于11V使用較好）Constant voltage charger( battery open circuit higher than 11v is better.) 最大充電電壓The largest charging voltage：16.0V 最大充電電流The largest charging current：25A 充電時間：取決于電池的虧電程度，一般為416小時（參考端電壓與充電時間的關(guān)系圖）。Charging time: depend on power shortage degree of battery, commonly its 416 hours(accord

54、ing to the relational table of terminal voltage and charging time)充電終止的條件 Conditon of stopping to charge 電眼轉(zhuǎn)綠充電完成 Electric eye turns to be greencharging finished 電眼轉(zhuǎn)白電池報廢（過充電導(dǎo)致電池缺液）Electric eye turns to be whitebattery is out of service. 充電電流小于2A充電完成（用于可加液電池充電完成判別參考）Charging current is below 2Acharg

55、ing finished(used for liquid battery,to be judgment ) 恒流充電機（對于長期欠充電而硫化即電池開路電壓低于11V的電池必須此種設(shè)備進行恢復(fù)性充電）Constant charger(for some battery which cant be fully charged for a long time and sulfuration, it is that the open circuit voltage is below 11V, so the battery must be recovery charged by this equipmen

56、t.) 充電電流：電池標(biāo)稱容量的二十分之一（單位：A），當(dāng)電池虧電后端電壓低于10V時，充電時間可能要達到2436小時。Charging current: 1/20 of the norminal capacity of battery (unit:A),after battery power shortage, the terminal voltage is below 10V, time of charging may be about 2436 hours.充電電流應(yīng)用舉例：如6-QW-60MF即電池標(biāo)稱容量是60Ah，充電電流為60Ah/20h=3A 。Example of charging current applicati