《經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人》The Euro debt crisis

1、The euro-debt crisisDiscussion Do you know what kind of organization EU is and can you feel the impact of the euro-debt crisis on your life or China?Culture: EU The European Union (EU) is an economic and political union of 28 member states that are located primarily in Europe. The EU operates throug

2、h a system of supranational independent institutions and intergovernmental negotiated decisions by the member states. Motto：United in diversity Anthem：Ode to JoyDevelopment of EU European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC) European Economic Community (EEC) European Union (EU) In 1993 the Maastricht Tre

3、aty established the European Union under its current name. In 2009 the latest major amendment to the constitutional basis of the EU, the Treaty of Lisbon, came into force.Background Information Euro zone 歐元區(qū) Sovereign-debt crisis 主權(quán)債務(wù)危機(jī) Special summit 特別峰會(huì) lending capacity 放貸能力 European Financial St

4、ability Facility 歐洲金融市場(chǎng)穩(wěn)定基金 Rescue fund 救助基金 Government-debt market 政府債務(wù)市場(chǎng) Borrowing cost 借款成本 Bilateral loan 雙邊貸款 Muddle, fuddle, toil and trouble 報(bào)刊英語(yǔ)標(biāo)題特點(diǎn)一：押韻（押頭韻；押尾韻） rhyme 押尾韻 from fears and tears to love and prove Alliteration 押頭韻 Blizzard blitzes Beijing 暴風(fēng)雪襲北京 Swiped swine safe and sound 被劫的“

5、銅雕豬頭”安然無(wú)恙1st paragraph The main idea? background introduction In what background, the agreement was reached?新聞中小詞的使用 Bargain： eye: watch with interest salve If you do something to salve your conscience, you do it in order to feel less guilty. I give myself treats and justify them to salve my conscie

6、nce. 我常犒勞自己一番，然后找個(gè)說(shuō)辭讓自已良我常犒勞自己一番，然后找個(gè)說(shuō)辭讓自已良心稍安。心稍安。Food for the spirit. And salve for my conscience. 食物提升了精神，并食物提升了精神，并慰藉慰藉了我的良心。了我的良心。fractious If you describe someone as fractious, you disapprove of them because they become upset or angry very quickly about small unimportant things To make that pr

7、omise credible, Syrias fractious opposition must unite. 為了實(shí)現(xiàn)承諾，為了實(shí)現(xiàn)承諾，暴躁易怒的暴躁易怒的敘利亞反對(duì)派必須團(tuán)敘利亞反對(duì)派必須團(tuán)結(jié)起來(lái)。結(jié)起來(lái)。 The children were predictably fractious. 孩子們肯定會(huì)孩子們肯定會(huì)耍脾氣耍脾氣。unnerve vt. 使失去勇氣；使失去勇氣； 使身心交疲；使身心交疲； 使使焦躁；焦躁； 使失常使失常 And other countries are indeed unnerved by Chinas rise. 而其他國(guó)家對(duì)中國(guó)的崛起的確而其他國(guó)家對(duì)中國(guó)的崛

8、起的確感到不安感到不安。 The phrase has unnerved neighbors from Vietnam to Japan that have territorial disputes with China. 這一表述這一表述使使越南，日本等鄰國(guó)越南，日本等鄰國(guó)不安不安，這些，這些國(guó)家與中國(guó)存在領(lǐng)土糾紛國(guó)家與中國(guó)存在領(lǐng)土糾紛長(zhǎng)難句分析 With negotiations becoming fractious and markets unnerved by further ratings downgrades on Greek and Spanish debt, there had

9、 been fears that a deal might not be reached by a deadline of March 25th, when Europes heads of governments conclude their next meeting in Brussels. 而隨著談判各方越來(lái)越暴躁易怒，同時(shí)希臘與西班牙債務(wù)評(píng)級(jí)進(jìn)一步下降導(dǎo)致市場(chǎng)信心喪失，人們已經(jīng)開始擔(dān)憂交易無(wú)法在3月25日截止期限到來(lái)前達(dá)成 那時(shí)歐洲各國(guó)首腦將在布魯塞爾為下一次會(huì)議進(jìn)行總結(jié)。5. hammer out 敲定，制定敲定，制定 World leaders will try to hammer

10、 out a new global agreement to cut carbon emissions. 世界各國(guó)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人將努力在這次會(huì)議上世界各國(guó)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人將努力在這次會(huì)議上達(dá)成達(dá)成一項(xiàng)新一項(xiàng)新的削減二氧化碳排放量的國(guó)際條約。的削減二氧化碳排放量的國(guó)際條約。 Gov. Arnold Schwarzenegger declared an emergency in November and took legislative leaders behind closed doors to hammer out a compromise. 州長(zhǎng)阿諾施瓦辛格去年州長(zhǎng)阿諾施瓦辛格去年11月宣布進(jìn)入月宣布進(jìn)入“緊

11、急狀緊急狀態(tài)態(tài)”，并與州議會(huì)領(lǐng)袖們閉門，并與州議會(huì)領(lǐng)袖們閉門敲定敲定出了一套妥協(xié)出了一套妥協(xié)方案。方案。 We have finished the first paragraph, in which the author tells us the meeting of the euro-leaders surprised many people by agreeing on the main elements of a deal. Its out of expectation because the situation is very complicated, such as the rati

12、ngs downgrades on Greek and Spanish debt. What do you think the author will move on the passage? Content of the deal facts objective Comment on the deal opinion subjective What does the author comment on the meeting?2nd paragraph Whats the main points reached in the meeting? What does the author com

13、ment on the meeting? chancellor n.大臣；大臣； （某些美國(guó)大學(xué)的）校長(zhǎng)；（某些美國(guó)大學(xué)的）校長(zhǎng)； （德（德國(guó)或奧地利的）總理；（英國(guó)大學(xué)的）名國(guó)或奧地利的）總理；（英國(guó)大學(xué)的）名譽(yù)校長(zhǎng)譽(yù)校長(zhǎng) German chancellor 德國(guó)總理德國(guó)總理 British Prime Minister 英國(guó)首相英國(guó)首相 Secretary of State 美國(guó)國(guó)務(wù)卿美國(guó)國(guó)務(wù)卿 Chinese Premier 中國(guó)總理中國(guó)總理Antipathy； sympathy Antipathy toward Wall Street could also be a factor. 對(duì)

14、華爾街的對(duì)華爾街的反感反感也可能是一個(gè)因素。也可能是一個(gè)因素。 Regulatory antipathy to universal banks has also eased. 監(jiān)管上對(duì)于全能銀行的監(jiān)管上對(duì)于全能銀行的厭惡厭惡也淡化了。也淡化了。 This antipathy is not lost on Chinas local governments. 這種這種反感反感對(duì)中國(guó)當(dāng)?shù)卣⒉皇菦]起作用。對(duì)中國(guó)當(dāng)?shù)卣⒉皇菦]起作用。profligate Someone who is profligate spends too much money or uses too much of some

15、thing America is the most profligate consumer of energy in the world. Spain has neither Irelands broken banks nor Greeces profligate public finances. 西班牙也沒有愛爾蘭的破產(chǎn)銀行或是希臘過(guò)于揮霍的公共財(cái)政。長(zhǎng)難句分析 But the main fund, the European Financial Stability Facility (EFSF), will not allowed to intervene in secondary gove

16、rnment-debt markets, a job being undertaken reluctantly by the European Central Bank. 不過(guò)主要資金來(lái)源 歐洲金融市場(chǎng)穩(wěn)定基金沒有得到干涉次級(jí)政府債務(wù)市場(chǎng)的允許，這項(xiàng)任務(wù)將由滿心不情愿的歐洲中央銀行承擔(dān)起來(lái)。 secondary market 次級(jí)市場(chǎng)指流通市場(chǎng)，是已發(fā)行股票進(jìn)行次級(jí)市場(chǎng)指流通市場(chǎng)，是已發(fā)行股票進(jìn)行買賣交易的場(chǎng)所。買賣交易的場(chǎng)所。 已發(fā)行的股票一經(jīng)上市，就進(jìn)入二級(jí)市場(chǎng)。已發(fā)行的股票一經(jīng)上市，就進(jìn)入二級(jí)市場(chǎng)。投資人根據(jù)自己的判斷和需要買進(jìn)和賣出投資人根據(jù)自己的判斷和需要買進(jìn)和賣出股票，其交易價(jià)格由

17、買賣雙方來(lái)決定，投股票，其交易價(jià)格由買賣雙方來(lái)決定，投資人在同一天中買入股票的價(jià)格是不同的。資人在同一天中買入股票的價(jià)格是不同的。 Tabloid ：A tabloid is a newspaper that has small pages, short articles, and lots of photographs. Tabloids are often considered to be less serious than other newspapers. Broadsheet： A broadsheet is a newspaper that is printed on large

18、sheets of paper. Broadsheets are generally considered to be more serious than other newspapers. German Bunds 德國(guó)國(guó)債德國(guó)國(guó)債 Yields on Treasuries, Bunds and gilts can remain at historically low levels. 美國(guó)國(guó)債、德國(guó)國(guó)債和英國(guó)國(guó)債的收益率仍然可以維持在歷史低位。retrenchment 緊縮緊縮 The American consumer is in the early stages of an unprec

19、edented retrenchment. 美國(guó)消費(fèi)者已經(jīng)步入一個(gè)空前緊縮開支階段的初期。 They may hope that retrenchment now will spur on private spending. 他們或許希望，現(xiàn)在實(shí)施緊縮政策能刺激私人增加支出。 Which came first, private retrenchment or fiscal deficits? 哪一種情況出現(xiàn)在前，是私人部門緊縮還是財(cái)政赤字？ Labour says that the economy is too fragile to start fiscal retrenchment this

20、 year. 新工黨認(rèn)為今年經(jīng)濟(jì)太脆弱不適合采用緊縮的財(cái)政政策。長(zhǎng)難句分析 Even if that peril is avoided, the paths to rehabilitation for Greece and Ireland look so difficult - the black hole that is the Irish banking system could get still deeper, for instance - that it is hard to see how they can escape without an eventual debt restr

21、ucturing. 即使該危險(xiǎn)得以避免，希臘與愛爾蘭的復(fù)興道路看起來(lái)仍然非常艱難比如，愛爾蘭銀行業(yè)的黑洞可能越來(lái)越深，除了進(jìn)行徹底的債務(wù)結(jié)構(gòu)以外，很難想到讓這兩國(guó)脫離危機(jī)的其他手段。 Words and Explanations 1. a deal 協(xié)議協(xié)議 例句例句 A deal with India should not be impossible. 與印度與印度達(dá)成協(xié)議達(dá)成協(xié)議應(yīng)該不是不可能的。應(yīng)該不是不可能的。 Can there still be a deal? 還有可能還有可能達(dá)成一項(xiàng)協(xié)議達(dá)成一項(xiàng)協(xié)議嗎？嗎？2. salve 1) 安慰（良心）；減輕（內(nèi)疚感）安慰（良心）；減輕（內(nèi)

22、疚感） If you do something to salve your conscience, you do it in order to feel less guilty. I give myself treats and justify them to salve my conscience. 我常犒勞自己一番，然后找個(gè)說(shuō)辭讓自已良我常犒勞自己一番，然后找個(gè)說(shuō)辭讓自已良心稍安。心稍安。Food for the spirit. And salve for my conscience. 食物提升了精神，并食物提升了精神，并慰藉慰藉了我的良心。了我的良心。2. Salve 2) 軟膏，油膏，

23、藥膏軟膏，油膏，藥膏 Salve is an oily substance that is put on sore skin or a wound to help it heal. Another way to open up nasal passages is to dab mentholated salve under the nose. 打開鼻腔的另一種方法是在鼻子上涂抹薄打開鼻腔的另一種方法是在鼻子上涂抹薄荷荷藥膏藥膏。 The salve will help to heal the wound. 這類這類藥膏藥膏能治愈你的傷。能治愈你的傷。3. fractious易怒的；煩躁的；脾氣

24、不好易怒的；煩躁的；脾氣不好 If you describe someone as fractious, you disapprove of them because they become upset or angry very quickly about small unimportant things fractious national movements. 難以控制難以控制的全國(guó)運(yùn)動(dòng)的全國(guó)運(yùn)動(dòng) Nancy was in a fractious mood. 南希情緒南希情緒煩躁煩躁。 The children were predictably fractious. 孩子們肯定會(huì)孩子們肯

25、定會(huì)耍脾氣耍脾氣。3.fractious易怒的；煩躁的易怒的；煩躁的 例句例句 To make that promise credible, Syrias fractious opposition must unite. 為了實(shí)現(xiàn)承諾，為了實(shí)現(xiàn)承諾，暴躁易怒的暴躁易怒的敘利亞反對(duì)派必須團(tuán)敘利亞反對(duì)派必須團(tuán)結(jié)起來(lái)。結(jié)起來(lái)。 When it comes to rebuffing Chinas exports, Americas fractious legislature is as harmonious as the Chinese one. 當(dāng)涉及到嚴(yán)厲限制中國(guó)的出口時(shí)，美國(guó)的當(dāng)涉及到嚴(yán)厲限制中

26、國(guó)的出口時(shí)，美國(guó)的易怒的易怒的立法機(jī)關(guān)是和中國(guó)的一樣的表現(xiàn)和諧。立法機(jī)關(guān)是和中國(guó)的一樣的表現(xiàn)和諧。4. unnerved adj.氣餒的；喪失勇氣的；氣餒的；喪失勇氣的； 失常失常的；的；v.使氣餒；使焦躁使氣餒；使焦躁 All that has unnerved Beijing. 這一切都讓北京這一切都讓北京感到不安感到不安。 And other countries are indeed unnerved by chinas rise. 而其他國(guó)家對(duì)中國(guó)的崛起的確而其他國(guó)家對(duì)中國(guó)的崛起的確感到不安感到不安。 The phrase has unnerved neighbors from Vie

27、tnam to Japan that have territorial disputes with china. 這一表述這一表述使使越南，日本等鄰國(guó)越南，日本等鄰國(guó)不安不安，這些國(guó)家與，這些國(guó)家與中國(guó)存在領(lǐng)土糾紛中國(guó)存在領(lǐng)土糾紛5. hammer out 5. hammer out 敲定，制定敲定，制定 World leaders will try toWorld leaders will try to hammer outhammer out a ne a new global agreement to cut carbon emissions.w global agreement to

28、cut carbon emissions. 世界各國(guó)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人將努力在這次會(huì)議上世界各國(guó)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人將努力在這次會(huì)議上達(dá)成達(dá)成一項(xiàng)新一項(xiàng)新的削減二氧化碳排放量的國(guó)際條約。的削減二氧化碳排放量的國(guó)際條約。 Gov. Arnold Schwarzenegger declared an emGov. Arnold Schwarzenegger declared an emergency in November andergency in November and took legislative leaders behind closed dootook legislative leaders behind

29、closed doors to rs to hammer outhammer out a compromise. a compromise. 州長(zhǎng)阿諾施瓦辛格去年州長(zhǎng)阿諾施瓦辛格去年1111月宣布進(jìn)入月宣布進(jìn)入“緊急狀緊急狀態(tài)態(tài)”，并與州議會(huì)領(lǐng)袖們閉門，并與州議會(huì)領(lǐng)袖們閉門敲定敲定出了一套妥協(xié)出了一套妥協(xié)方案。方案。6. antipathy 反感，厭惡；反感，厭惡；sympathy同情同情 Antipathy toward Wall Street could also be a factor. 對(duì)華爾街的對(duì)華爾街的反感反感也可能是一個(gè)因素。也可能是一個(gè)因素。 Regulatory antipa

30、thy to universal banks has also eased. 監(jiān)管上對(duì)于全能銀行的監(jiān)管上對(duì)于全能銀行的厭惡厭惡也淡化了。也淡化了。 This antipathy is not lost on Chinas local governments. 這種這種反感反感對(duì)中國(guó)當(dāng)?shù)卣⒉皇菦]起作用。對(duì)中國(guó)當(dāng)?shù)卣⒉皇菦]起作用。 This antipathy should worry the Chinese government. 面對(duì)這種面對(duì)這種反感反感，中國(guó)政府應(yīng)當(dāng)憂心。，中國(guó)政府應(yīng)當(dāng)憂心。7. profligate prprflflg gtt揮霍的；浪費(fèi)的 Someone who

31、is profligate spends too much money or uses too much of something America is the most profligate consumer of energy in the world. Profligate spending habits are unlikely to return soon. 花錢的敗家子習(xí)慣不太可能馬上回轉(zhuǎn)。 Spain has neither Irelands broken banks nor Greeces profligate public finances. 西班牙也沒有愛爾蘭的破產(chǎn)銀行或是

32、希臘過(guò)于揮霍的公共財(cái)政。7. profligate揮霍的；浪費(fèi)的 In Germany and other creditor nations such strengthening will be politically possible only if there is a credible sanction against profligate governments. 對(duì)德國(guó)和其它債權(quán)國(guó)來(lái)說(shuō)，只有對(duì)那些浪費(fèi)的政府實(shí)施可靠的懲罰，這種強(qiáng)化措施在政治上才可靠。 Such profligate use of resources is the antithesis of the environme

33、ntal ideal. 如此揮霍自然資源是與環(huán)境保護(hù)者的理想背道而馳的。8. Bump up 猛增，大幅提高 The extra cost will bump up the price. 額外的成本會(huì)使價(jià)格猛漲。 Add pasta to your salads to bump up your fiber intake. 在色拉中加入意大利面條，增加你的纖維攝入量。 speed bump 減速帶減速帶 bumper 保險(xiǎn)杠保險(xiǎn)杠9. sovereign debt 主權(quán)債務(wù)Rating agencies have just downgraded South Africas sovereign d

34、ebt.評(píng)級(jí)機(jī)構(gòu)剛剛下調(diào)了南非的主權(quán)債務(wù)評(píng)級(jí)。Spains sovereign debt is already under fierce pressure.西班牙主權(quán)債已承受了很大的壓力。The three main ratings agencies have each downgraded Slovenian sovereign debt this month.三大評(píng)級(jí)機(jī)構(gòu)已經(jīng)于本月下調(diào)了斯洛文尼亞外債等級(jí)。Televisions showed images of stand offs between Greek police and protesters, and the European

35、 central bank declined to step up its effort to stabilize government debt markets.電視中播放了希臘警察與抗議者對(duì)峙的畫面，歐洲央行拒絕加大力度穩(wěn)定政府債券市場(chǎng) 10. bilateralbaltrl 雙邊的 Mr. Obama will seek direct bilateral negotiations with Iran. 奧巴馬會(huì)尋求與伊朗開展直接的雙邊會(huì)談。 They understood that they could fight forever on bilateral differences. 他們

36、明白，他們可以因雙方的分歧而永無(wú)休止地爭(zhēng)斗下去。 Numerous bilateral cultural events also were canceled. 很多雙邊文化活動(dòng)也被取消。11. Concession 1)讓步，遷就讓步，遷就 If you make a concession to someone, you agree to let them do or have something, especially in order to end an argument or conflict. 例句：The King made major concessions to end the

37、confrontation with his people.為了結(jié)束與其臣民的沖突，國(guó)王做出了很大的讓步。Both North Korea and South Korea have shown signs of concession in recent years.在最近幾年朝鮮和韓國(guó)都表現(xiàn)出了讓步的跡象。11. Concession 2)優(yōu)惠，特許權(quán)優(yōu)惠，特許權(quán) A concession is a special right or privilege that is given to someone. The government has granted concessions to three private telephone companies. 政府已經(jīng)