初三英語下學(xué)期閱讀理解

1、閱讀閱讀北京市八一中學(xué)北京市八一中學(xué)；閱讀理解五級(jí)的目標(biāo)部分描述如下：閱讀理解五級(jí)的目標(biāo)部分描述如下：1、能根據(jù)上下文和構(gòu)詞法推斷、理解生詞的含義、能根據(jù)上下文和構(gòu)詞法推斷、理解生詞的含義2、能理解段落中各句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系；、能理解段落中各句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系；3、能找出文章中的主題，理解故事的情節(jié)，預(yù)測(cè)、能找出文章中的主題，理解故事的情節(jié)，預(yù)測(cè) 故事情節(jié)的發(fā)展和可能的結(jié)局；故事情節(jié)的發(fā)展和可能的結(jié)局；4、能讀懂常見體裁的閱讀材料；、能讀懂常見體裁的閱讀材料；5、能根據(jù)不同的閱讀目的運(yùn)用簡(jiǎn)單的閱讀策略獲、能根據(jù)不同的閱讀目的運(yùn)用簡(jiǎn)單的閱讀策略獲 取信息；取信息；6、除教材外，課外閱讀量應(yīng)累計(jì)達(dá)

2、到、除教材外，課外閱讀量應(yīng)累計(jì)達(dá)到15萬詞以上萬詞以上( 上海的要求更高一些，上海的要求更高一些，30萬詞以上萬詞以上)所謂閱讀能所謂閱讀能 力是指視讀能力、理解能力和對(duì)所讀材料的評(píng)力是指視讀能力、理解能力和對(duì)所讀材料的評(píng) 價(jià)能力。價(jià)能力。分門別類識(shí)別文體分門別類識(shí)別文體隨著信息時(shí)代的到來，閱讀內(nèi)隨著信息時(shí)代的到來，閱讀內(nèi)容更趨于信息化、時(shí)代化，突破了容更趨于信息化、時(shí)代化，突破了單一的故事、寓言等題材，內(nèi)容涉單一的故事、寓言等題材，內(nèi)容涉及新聞、廣告、科普、醫(yī)療、教育及新聞、廣告、科普、醫(yī)療、教育等，文章的體裁也從記敘擴(kuò)大到產(chǎn)等，文章的體裁也從記敘擴(kuò)大到產(chǎn)品說明、邏輯推理及實(shí)際應(yīng)用等文品說明

3、、邏輯推理及實(shí)際應(yīng)用等文體。不同的文體閱讀的要求與方法體。不同的文體閱讀的要求與方法不盡相同不盡相同。記敘文閱讀主要抓四大要素，即時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人記敘文閱讀主要抓四大要素，即時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物和事件的起因、發(fā)展和結(jié)果，以及人物之間的物和事件的起因、發(fā)展和結(jié)果，以及人物之間的關(guān)系、表現(xiàn)，從中分析他們思想品質(zhì)、性格特征關(guān)系、表現(xiàn)，從中分析他們思想品質(zhì)、性格特征等等 議論文是闡明作者對(duì)人或事的好壞的立場(chǎng)觀點(diǎn)，因議論文是闡明作者對(duì)人或事的好壞的立場(chǎng)觀點(diǎn)，因此在閱讀時(shí)必須正確把握文章的論點(diǎn)和論據(jù)，理清此在閱讀時(shí)必須正確把握文章的論點(diǎn)和論據(jù)，理清論證思路，再進(jìn)行邏輯推理得出結(jié)論；論證思路，再進(jìn)行邏輯推理得出結(jié)

4、論； 應(yīng)用文是最貼近日常生活的文體，它包括通知、廣應(yīng)用文是最貼近日常生活的文體，它包括通知、廣告、便條、申請(qǐng)書、個(gè)人簡(jiǎn)歷，形式多樣，題材各告、便條、申請(qǐng)書、個(gè)人簡(jiǎn)歷，形式多樣，題材各異，如圖示、表格、地址、網(wǎng)址等，對(duì)這類文體的異，如圖示、表格、地址、網(wǎng)址等，對(duì)這類文體的閱讀應(yīng)簡(jiǎn)明扼要地抓住所需信息，理解文章內(nèi)容閱讀應(yīng)簡(jiǎn)明扼要地抓住所需信息，理解文章內(nèi)容。1.The main idea of the passage is _ 2. The passage mainly discuss _3. What is the best title of the passage?4. What is the

5、 main topic of this passage?5. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? (一一)主旨題主旨題事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題1. Which of the following is TURE?2. Which of the following is NOT TURE?3. Which of the following is NOT TURE?4. The main reson for is _.詞義詞義/句義題句義題1. 1.The word” in the Line X mainly t

6、o show that _.2.In paragraph X, the word refers to _3.The word in paragraph can be replaced by _.4.It in line X most probably refers to _.閱讀文學(xué)材料的快速性閱讀文學(xué)材料的快速性閱讀文學(xué)材料的無聲性閱讀文學(xué)材料的無聲性閱讀方法的科學(xué)性閱讀方法的科學(xué)性一）略讀一）略讀 粗略地閱讀語言材料的面式讀法。通粗略地閱讀語言材料的面式讀法。通過略讀獲取閱讀材料的主要內(nèi)容和大意?？焖龠^略讀獲取閱讀材料的主要內(nèi)容和大意。快速閱讀時(shí)，訓(xùn)練學(xué)生略讀文章標(biāo)題判斷預(yù)測(cè)主要閱讀時(shí)，訓(xùn)

7、練學(xué)生略讀文章標(biāo)題判斷預(yù)測(cè)主要內(nèi)容。略讀首尾段、首尾句了解文章大意。內(nèi)容。略讀首尾段、首尾句了解文章大意。 二）跳讀二）跳讀 帶著明確目的尋找特定信息，忽帶著明確目的尋找特定信息，忽略無關(guān)內(nèi)容的點(diǎn)式閱讀。跳讀適用于細(xì)節(jié)略無關(guān)內(nèi)容的點(diǎn)式閱讀。跳讀適用于細(xì)節(jié)檢索式問題。檢索式問題。（三）組讀（三）組讀 以意群為單位，一組一組視讀。以意群為單位，一組一組視讀。邊讀邊理解。減少眼停次數(shù)，縮短邊讀邊理解。減少眼停次數(shù)，縮短“眼腦直映眼腦直映”時(shí)間。時(shí)間。 Using the titleUsing the picturestheir own experienceBefore reading activit

8、iesTo introduce the topic and give students enough background knowledge to make sense of the text.Predict the text. discussion, questions.While reading:Help students understand the writers purpose, the text structure, the main idea, the surface and underlying meaning of the passage.Activities: Skimm

9、ing, scanning, and detailed comprehension, jig-saw reading.After reading activitiesSpeakingChanging role playingWritingRounding-off stageShe poured the water into the tock.Then lifting the tock she drunk.Unfortunately, as she was setting it down again, the tock slipped from her hand and brokeOnly th

10、e handle remained in one piece.1. definitionAll other birthdays are called sing il (born day). The six first birthday is called Huan gup ( beginning of new life. be, mean, be considered, to be, refer to, be called, be known as, fine, representThe harbor is protected by a jetty- a wall built out into

11、 the water.anthropology is the scientific study of man. Jane is indecisive, that is , she cant make up her mind.The reason that it is valuable vase is that it is gilded covered with a thin layer of gold. That and only that makes it worth a thousand dollars.restatement在復(fù)述中構(gòu)成同位關(guān)系的兩部分之間在復(fù)述中構(gòu)成同位關(guān)系的兩部分之間

12、多用逗號(hào)連接，有時(shí)也使用破折號(hào)，多用逗號(hào)連接，有時(shí)也使用破折號(hào)，冒號(hào)，分號(hào)，引號(hào)，和括號(hào)等冒號(hào)，分號(hào)，引號(hào)，和括號(hào)等 or, similarly, that is to say, in other words, namely, or other, say i. e 1. He had a wan look. He was so pale and weak that we thought he was ill.4. Semantics, the study of the meaning of words, is necessary if you are to speak and read int

13、elligently. 2. Carbon monoxide is a haxious gas which can cause death.3. I am a resolute girl. Once I set up my goal, I wont give it up.4. General knowledge1. The door is so low that I hit my head on the lintel.2. Mark got on the motobike. I sat behind him on the pillion and we roared off into the n

14、ight.Green plants let out oxygen and breathe in carbon dioxide.。 Water is made from oxygen and hydrogen.； examples:1. Select any of these periodicals: time, newsweek, readers digest.2. She is studying glaucoma and other disease of the eye.They were congenial friend- for example they both enjoyed sci

15、ence fiction films, both liked Mexican food, and had long agreeable conversation.Very young children are fed pap- for instance, mashed peas and carrots, cat meal, mashed bananas and so pair1. The snow was falling big flakes drifted with the wind like feathers.2. The hot-air ballon took off. It was a

16、s huoyant in the air as a cork in water.similarly，like，just as，also contrast1. Jane was talking with others while sue remained reticent all the time.2. Most of us agreed, however Bill dissented.3. Dexters approach is old-fashioned but Marias is novel.表示對(duì)比關(guān)系的詞匯和短語主要是表示對(duì)比關(guān)系的詞匯和短語主要是unlike，not，but，howe

17、ver，despite，in spite of，in contrast 和和while 引導(dǎo)的并列句等。引導(dǎo)的并列句等。Andrew is one of the most supercilious men I know. His brother, in contrast, is quite humble and modest. Complex word: prefixes, suffixesCompound word根據(jù)構(gòu)詞法猜測(cè)詞意根據(jù)構(gòu)詞法猜測(cè)詞意前綴前綴un-表反義詞，如表反義詞，如happy、unhappy，fair、unfair，important、unimportant等。等。后綴

18、后綴- ment表名詞，如表名詞，如develop、development，state、statement，argue、argument等。等。后綴后綴-er、-or或或-ist表同源名詞，如表同源名詞，如c alculate、calculator，visit、visitor，law、lawyer，wait、waiter，sci- ence、scientist，art、artist等。等?；ヂ?lián)網(wǎng)理財(cái) https:/ 互聯(lián)網(wǎng)理財(cái) yrk196utb “理財(cái)”往往與“投資理財(cái)”并用，因?yàn)椤袄碡?cái)”中有“投資”，“投資”中有“理財(cái)”。因此，會(huì)強(qiáng)迫自己走進(jìn)人群?？Х葟d，餐館，購(gòu)物廣場(chǎng)，所有人群密集匯聚流動(dòng)的地方。吃飯