譯林英語(yǔ)8B 期中復(fù)習(xí)講解講義（一）易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)匯總+知識(shí)點(diǎn)練習(xí)

1、授課類(lèi)型8B期中時(shí)態(tài)復(fù)習(xí)8B期中復(fù)習(xí)之反義疑問(wèn)句動(dòng)詞的及物與不及物教學(xué)內(nèi)容8B期中時(shí)態(tài)復(fù)習(xí)知識(shí)點(diǎn)講解現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)用法一：動(dòng)作從過(guò)去發(fā)生一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在。動(dòng)詞必須是延續(xù)性的。1.自從來(lái)到無(wú)錫，我們的外教已經(jīng)習(xí)慣了這里的生活。The foreign teacher in our school _here since he came to Wuxi.2.電視機(jī)應(yīng)該開(kāi)了幾個(gè)小時(shí)了。請(qǐng)把它關(guān)掉，好嗎？_. Would you please turn it off?3.-那個(gè)會(huì)議結(jié)束多久了？-將近半小時(shí)。-How long _? -For _用法二：過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在有影響。動(dòng)詞不一定是延續(xù)性的。4.Loo

2、k! The snow _(stop). Why not go out to make a snowman?5.-Where is Tom? -He _ Shanghai.has gone to B.has been to C.has been in D.went to注：延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞與短暫性動(dòng)詞的含義。延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞往往用來(lái)表示從過(guò)去到現(xiàn)在的一段時(shí)間里發(fā)生的事情，而短暫性動(dòng)詞往往用來(lái)表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在有影響，但表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在有影響時(shí)，還可能用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。句型：It has been/is +一段時(shí)間+since sb did sth，自某人做某事已經(jīng)多久了。6. Hi! Jim! Nice

3、 to meet you again! Its one year since I last _ you.(重慶)A. saw B. see C. seeing D. have seen現(xiàn)完與過(guò)去時(shí)區(qū)別一： 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)的是過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響，所以若是過(guò)去發(fā)生的一個(gè)動(dòng)作，現(xiàn)在情況已經(jīng)發(fā)生的變化，則不用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，而用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。7. -Where _ the recorder? I cant see it anywhere. - I _ it right here. But now its gone!did you put; haveput B. have you put; put C

4、. had you put; was putting D. were you putting; put現(xiàn)完與過(guò)去時(shí)區(qū)別二： 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)不與when引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問(wèn)句連用，when后只用一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示已發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。但現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)可與where, why等疑問(wèn)詞連用。8: When _you _ your dictionary?A. did; lose B. has; lost C. will; lose D. does; losehave/has been to、have/has gone to和have been in的區(qū)別：have/has been to表示某人曾經(jīng)去過(guò)某地，并且已經(jīng)回來(lái)了，常

5、與次數(shù)搭配，表示去過(guò)某地幾次。have/has gone 表示某人已經(jīng)去了某地，但還沒(méi)回來(lái)。常用來(lái)回答where is sb?have/has been in表示某人在某地呆了多久，常與一段時(shí)間搭配。9.-Where is your father? -He _to Paris. He _there for a week. A.has gone ; has gone B.went; went C.has gone; has been D.went; was區(qū)分這兩題的差別。10.-Where is Diana now? Someone wants her on the phone.-She _

6、the printing room. She will be back soon. A.has gone to B.has been to C.has been in D.went to【2016年 溧水二?！?1.I havent seen your father for days. Where is he?He Hong Kong on business for three days. A.has been in B. has been to C. has gone to D. has come to現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的靈活應(yīng)用12.-Mom, I _ the Great Wall in the

7、past two years. -Well, I will take you there next month. A.dont visit B.wont visit C.havent visited D.didnt visit13.No man knows what potential (潛力) he has till he _very hard to be good. A.tried B.will try C.is trying D.has tried14.自從他兒子搬走后，這個(gè)老人一直感覺(jué)很孤單。The old man _since his son moved away.15.政府已經(jīng)采取

8、行動(dòng)阻止這些工廠(chǎng)向河里傾倒廢物了。The government _the river.過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的過(guò)程，不說(shuō)明結(jié)果。16.-Have you finished your homework? -Not yet. I _(do) my homework last night.一般過(guò)去時(shí)1）表示過(guò)去之意，言外之意是現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不這樣做了。常常翻譯成剛剛，剛才?！?017年 聯(lián)合體一模】17 Uncle Sam, I have to leave right now. What a pity! I _ you could stay a little longer with us.A. thought

9、B. thinkC. am thinkingD. have thought2）可與一段時(shí)間連用，表示在過(guò)去一段時(shí)間內(nèi)做過(guò)某事。【2018年 鼓樓一模】18. My cousin_in an American high school as an exchange student for two months last year.A. studied B. has studied C. studies D. was studying19.-Have you ever been to Hong Kong? -Yes. We _(work) there for a year.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)之不可

10、用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的動(dòng)詞：感覺(jué)、感官類(lèi)動(dòng)詞；喜愛(ài)憎恨厭惡類(lèi)動(dòng)詞；狀態(tài)類(lèi)動(dòng)詞；認(rèn)知、了解類(lèi)動(dòng)詞。20.How nice the cake_!-Help yourself. I hope you will like it.smells B.is smelling C.smelled D.has smelled補(bǔ)充：+一段時(shí)間的時(shí)態(tài)并不一定是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，也有可能是一般過(guò)去時(shí)或者一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。Nanjing Library is open for eight hours every day.一般將來(lái)時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)之主將從現(xiàn)：if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來(lái)動(dòng)作，主句用將來(lái)時(shí)。21.If it _(not

11、 be) rainy tomorrow, well climb the mountain.典例講解 ( )_ great fun it is! And _ fantastic time we are having！ A. What a, what B. What, what a C. How a, how D. What a, what a( )- What about yesterdays homework, Amy? - I found _ hard to finish all the exercises. A. it B. its C. that D. thats( )-_ I swim

12、 here? -Im sorry, children swim alone here. A. Must; cant B. May; must C. Cant; can D. Can; mustnt( )There many restaurants in the town, but they _ eat the food there at first. A used to have; didnt use to B used to have; didnt used to C used to be; didnt use to D used to be; didnt used to( )Its sai

13、d that two years_ since the old man _.A. has passed, has dead B. has passed, died C. have passed, died D. have passed, has died ( )Sometimes its necessary _things from mistakes.A. of us to learn B. for us to learn C. of us learning D. for us learning( )Some students are playing on the playground whi

14、le the rest_ doing their homework in the classroom. A noisily; are B noisy; are C noisily; is D noisy; is( )Im not _ thirsty, please give me _ water.A. a bit of , a little B. a bit, a little of C. a little, a bit D. a little, a bit of ( )When the big ship “Titanic” fell down into the sea, there were

15、 over 2,200 people . And only about 700 of them survived.A. in board B. on the board C. in the board D. on board( ) It is better to travel 10,000 miles than to read 10,000 books, so its important to have real with languages, cultures and societies. A. communication B. experience C. knowledge D. infl

16、uence( )Ben was helping his mother when the rain began to beat heavily the windows. A. below B. across C. behind D. against( ) , it is a good thing that I did not get the post, though I must admit(承認(rèn))that I was heart-broken at the time. A. By the way B. In some ways C. In the way D. In no way( ) I h

17、eard a new song on the radio. I high and low in the music store, but I cant find the song. A. search B. have searched C. am searching D. will search( )Dont try to do everything at once. Take it a bit . A. at all times B. at that time C. at a time D. at times( )We knew little about Shu-How Lin, a bas

18、ketball player from New York Knicks, we watched the basketball matches in NBA. A. until B. if C. so D. because( )Have you ever been to Hong Kong?Yes, . Its really a fun place.A. for two years B. twice already C. five days D. in two months( )She wasnt success as a teacher, and she didnt have success

19、in life.A. a; many B. a; much C. much; a D. /;much( ) His home is 5 kilometres his school. A. on the south of B. the south of C. south of D. in the south of課堂練習(xí)詞匯復(fù)習(xí)（動(dòng)詞填空）If you see the black cloud in the sky, you know it _( rain).The geography teacher told us Diaoyu Island _(lie) in the east of Chin

20、a.What a great time we had _(visit) the Big Apple New York.I am really sorry I was late, because I _(miss) the first bus this morning.Many people are against _ (smoke) in public places.look! The snow (stop). Why not go out to make snowmen?What great fun they had _(visit) Hong Kong Ocean Park last we

21、ek._ (learn) about it, just find it in the menu at the bottom of the page and click on it.You dont understand what I said. Never mind! I _(offer) you some help.It _(rain) heavily outside when we heard a loud knock at the door.8B期中復(fù)習(xí)之反義疑問(wèn)句知識(shí)點(diǎn)講解反義疑問(wèn)句反義疑問(wèn)句遵循前肯后否、前否后肯的規(guī)則。如果主句中出現(xiàn)否定詞，如：no、few、little、never

22、、hardly、nobody等詞，主句相當(dāng)于否定意義，反義疑問(wèn)句用肯定形式。22.Hes never been to Thailand, _? A.has he B. hasnt he C.is he D.isnt he反義疑問(wèn)句的回答講個(gè)笑話(huà)，講一個(gè)留學(xué)生和房東老太太的對(duì)話(huà)。早上起來(lái)，老太太問(wèn)：Good morning, did you eat anything? 留學(xué)生：No.老太太重復(fù)了一遍：So you didnt eat anything. 留學(xué)生：Yes.老太太猶豫了一下，說(shuō)道：Did you eat? 留學(xué)生：No.老太太說(shuō)道：So you didnt eat 留學(xué)生：Yes.事

23、實(shí)上，留學(xué)生從頭到尾只需回答一個(gè)No，不管老太太怎么問(wèn)。如果留學(xué)生吃過(guò)早飯的話(huà)，從頭到尾只回答Yes，不管老太太怎么問(wèn)。23.-He hasnt watched the movie Wu Shuang, has he?-_. he told me it was very moving (感人的) and interesting. Hed like to watch it again. A.Yes, he has B.Yes, he hasnt C.No, he hasnt D.No, he has.24.Tom disagrees with you, _? A.does he B.doesnt

24、 he C.isnt he D.is he.25.-Youve been here _a month. Dont you miss your parents?-Yes. I plan to go back home _ a month. A.in; in B.for; in C.for; after D.after; after典例講解例1: She has gone abroad, _? No. She is still teaching us English at our school now.A. is she B. isnt she C. has she D. hasnt she解析：

25、陳述部分是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的肯定形式，所以后面要用助動(dòng)詞has的否定形式，因此答案選D。例2: Shes never spoken to a foreigner, ? Yes. Shes active and can speak English freely.A. is she B. has she C. isnt she D. hasnt she中國(guó)教育%&*出#網(wǎng)解析：先分辨清楚，shes是she has還是she is，看后面的動(dòng)詞spoken得知，是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，助動(dòng)詞為has,又因前面有否定詞never，所以前否后肯。因此答案選B。例3：Theres little important new

26、s in the newspaper today, _?A. isnt thereB. is thereC. is itD. are there解析：考查反義疑問(wèn)句的用法。反義疑問(wèn)句的規(guī)則是 “前肯后否”或者是“前否后肯”。題干中的little具有否定意義，所以選“前否后肯”，答案 B。例4：You havent been to the West Lake, have you? _. But I will go there with my parents this summer vacation.A.No, I havent B.No, I didnt C.Yes, I have D. yes

27、, I did解析：根據(jù)答句中的but,說(shuō)明第二個(gè)人沒(méi)有去過(guò)west lake，先確定后面的回答I havent，前后一致，回答為No,I havent.答案選A。例5: He hasnt watched the movie “ So Young”, has he? _. He told me its very moving and interesting, hed like to watch it again.A. Yes, he hasB. Yes, he hasntC. No, he hasntD. No, he has解析：考查反意疑問(wèn)句的回答。問(wèn)句意思：他還沒(méi)看過(guò)電影“如此年輕”，是

28、嗎？答語(yǔ)后一分句意思：他告訴我這部電影動(dòng)人有趣。他想再去看。這說(shuō)明答者對(duì)“是否過(guò)這部電影”持肯定態(tài)度。用yes回答，排除C、D；而B(niǎo)項(xiàng)是錯(cuò)誤搭配。因此選A。例6：:John had a short walk after lunch, _?A. did he B. didnt he C.had he D. hadnt he解析：根據(jù)“前肯后否”原則首先排除A,C。后因?yàn)楫?dāng)have/has/had解釋為“有”時(shí)，附加疑問(wèn)句用have/has/had或是助動(dòng)詞do/does/did。反之，則只能用助動(dòng)詞do/does/did來(lái)構(gòu)成附加疑問(wèn)句。因此答案選B。課堂練習(xí)1. We all know tha

29、t 1,000 metres _(make) one kilometre.2. The blackboard is nice and clean now. Who _ (clean) it for the teacher.3. -Millie, come here. I need your help! -Sorry, Sandy. I _ (talk) on the phone.4. His teacher will be surprised if he _ (hand) in such a wonderful article tomorrow.5. Tom has just told me

30、a new way he thought of _ (remember) new words. 6. It will be quite dangerous to swim alone if you _ (not be) careful enough tomorrow.7. I can go to school on my own since I _ (grow) up.8. He spends more time than he used to _ (play) games with children.9. -Where is your brother? -He (finish) his ho

31、mework and is watching TV now. 10. More than a man _ （fall）over the rock on the road since seven oclock this morning .11. _ you _ (plan)how to organize a show at this time yesterday?12. I (not hear) from my father for more than a month.動(dòng)詞的及物與不及物知識(shí)點(diǎn)講解兩種常見(jiàn)句型結(jié)構(gòu)主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)在第一種句型結(jié)構(gòu)中，謂語(yǔ)為不及物動(dòng)詞在第二種句型結(jié)構(gòu)中，謂

32、語(yǔ)為_(kāi)例1：The train _. （arrived， got to， reached）例2：New can _ every corner of the world easily.（arrive， get， reach， go）1.（ ）-When did you _ -At six oclock.A.arrive B.get C.reach D.get to2.（ ）- Has the train_? - Not yet.A. arrived at B. arrived C. reached D. got to3.（ ）I _ Nanjing yesterday.A.returned B.

33、have returned C.returned to D.have returned to4.（ ）Finally, the train _.A.reached B.got to C.arrived D.arrived at5.（ ）With the help of the Internet, news can_ every corner of the world easily. A.reach B.arrive C.get D.go典例講解（詞形變換）所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空His last public concert will be on in Shanghai in a (幾個(gè))of m

34、onths._ (交流)between people from different countries used to be very hard.How many fish have you caught? So ，none. Im afraid that we have no gift for fishing.There _ (not be) much pollution in our hometown in the past two years.Sail through Wind and Waves乘風(fēng)破浪is _ (excite) film I have ever seen.We all

35、 know working hard is the key to_(success)._(Canada) speak English and French.Nicks neighbours are from foreign countries. Some of them are (German)“Help yourselves to some fish.” Lucy said to her friends . (polite)The loud noise made them all (fall) over.課堂練習(xí)句型復(fù)習(xí)（完成句子）1. 看到這美麗的自然風(fēng)景，我們?nèi)滩蛔∫恢迸恼铡?We _w

36、hen we saw the places of natural beauty.2. 這個(gè)可憐的男孩不知道該怎么處理這個(gè)狀況。The poor boy didnt know _the condition.電影已經(jīng)放映一個(gè)多小時(shí)了。The film _for over an hour.這個(gè)國(guó)家由36個(gè)小島組成。The country _ 36 islands. 5. 政府已經(jīng)意識(shí)到水污染是個(gè)嚴(yán)重的問(wèn)題。 The government the water pollution .6. 香港的天氣和北京的大不一樣。The weather in Hong Kong _ _.7. 隨著科技的發(fā)展，英特網(wǎng)已

37、經(jīng)使得交流更加簡(jiǎn)便了。With the development of technology, the Internet _.8. 關(guān)于如何提高英語(yǔ)水平，我的英語(yǔ)老師已經(jīng)給了我很多建議。My English teacher _ how to improve my English.9. 那些科學(xué)家們還不能確定在報(bào)告里寫(xiě)什么。 Those scientists _ in the report.10.你曾經(jīng)夢(mèng)想過(guò)不帶護(hù)照周游世界嗎？Have you ever _?1. couldnt stop taking photos 2. what to do with / how to deal with 3.

38、 has been on. 4. is made up of 5. has realized (that) is a serious problem. 6. is quite different from that in Beijing. 7. has made communication much easier / it easier to communicate 8. has given me a lot of advice on 9. are still not sure what to write 10. dreamed of travelling around the world w

39、ithout the passport回家作業(yè)任務(wù)型閱讀USA? Britain? Which country is better to study in? We often hear different ideas. As China opens its door, it is a dream for many Chinese students to study abroad. They want to learn about the outside world.Its true that studying abroad can help students develop themselve

40、s. Their foreign language skills will be better and it may be easier to find jobs.But there are problems that should be thought over. Language is the first. Students must spend a lot of time learning another language.Students must also learn to live without parents care and solve all kinds of things they havent had to do before, like looking after themselves. There are reports about Chinese students abroa