英語的時(shí)態(tài)ppt（沐風(fēng)書屋）

1、時(shí)態(tài)概述時(shí)態(tài)演化演化練習(xí)時(shí)態(tài)詳解一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過去時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)過去完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)將來進(jìn)行時(shí)一般將來時(shí)1教書育人時(shí) 態(tài) 概 述動(dòng)詞原形；第三人稱單數(shù)在詞尾加-s或-es現(xiàn)在過去將來過去將來一般狀態(tài)完成狀態(tài)完成進(jìn)行狀 態(tài)dododoes動(dòng)詞的過去式（規(guī)則或不規(guī)則）didbe going to/will/shall+動(dòng)詞原形be going towillshall+do進(jìn)行狀態(tài)am、is或are加動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞amisare+doingwas/ were加動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞waswere+doingwould/should加 be doingwas/were going to,

2、 would或should加動(dòng)詞原形wasweregoing towouldshould+dowill/shall加 be doingwouldshould+be doing willshall+be doing have或has加動(dòng)詞的過去分詞havehas+done助動(dòng)詞had加動(dòng)詞的過去分詞had+ doneWill/shall加have加過去分詞willshallhave done+would或should加have加動(dòng)詞的過去分詞wouldshould+have donehave/has加been加動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞havehas+been doing had加been加動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞h

3、ad been doingwill/shall加have加been加現(xiàn)在分詞willshall+havebeen doing would/should have been doing單擊轉(zhuǎn)到目錄頁2教書育人常用時(shí)態(tài)演化示意圖1一 般 現(xiàn) 在 時(shí) 態(tài)do過去did現(xiàn)在do將來amisaregoing towillshall過去waswerewouldshould注：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)第三人稱單數(shù)形式詞尾按規(guī)則加-s或-es。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過去時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般將來時(shí)過去將來時(shí)3教書育人常用時(shí)態(tài)演化示意圖2一 般 現(xiàn) 在 時(shí) 態(tài)do現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行amisaredoing過去waswere現(xiàn)在amisare將來b

4、ewillshall注：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)第三人稱單數(shù)形式詞尾按規(guī)則加-s或-es。過去wouldshould一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)將來進(jìn)行時(shí)過去將來進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)4教書育人常用時(shí)態(tài)演化示意圖3一 般 現(xiàn) 在 時(shí) 態(tài)do注：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)第三人稱單數(shù)形式詞尾按規(guī)則加-s或-es?，F(xiàn)在完成havehasdone過去had一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)單擊轉(zhuǎn)到目錄頁5教書育人常用時(shí)態(tài)演化練習(xí)1結(jié) 構(gòu)練 習(xí)以write為中心動(dòng)詞寫出各相應(yīng)時(shí)態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)： 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) 一般過去時(shí) 一般將來時(shí) 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) 過去進(jìn)行時(shí) 過去將來時(shí) 將來進(jìn)行時(shí) 過去將來進(jìn)行時(shí) 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) 過去完成時(shí)write; writes

5、wroteam/is/are going to/will/shall writeam/ is/are wrtingwas/were wrtingwas/were going to/would/should writewill/shall be writingwould/should be writinghave/ has written had writtendo;doesdidam/is/are going to/will/shall doam/ is/are doingwas/were doingwas/were going to/would/should dowill/shall be

6、doingwould/should be doinghave/ has done had done6教書育人常用時(shí)態(tài)演化練習(xí)2結(jié) 構(gòu)練 習(xí)以“看書”為中心推斷下列句子的時(shí)態(tài)并翻譯：他已經(jīng)看過這本書了。他要看一本書。他正在看書。他昨天看了一本書。當(dāng)時(shí)他正在看書。他每天都要看一本書。明天這個(gè)時(shí)候他將正在看書。他說他要看一本書。他在走之前就看過這本書了。判斷不對(duì)沒關(guān)系現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)一般將來時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)一般過去時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)將來進(jìn)行時(shí)過去將來時(shí)過去完成時(shí)He has read the book.He will be reading a book at this time tomorrow.He w

7、ill read a book.He is reading a book.He read a book yesterday.He was reading a book then.He reads a book every day.He said he would read a book.He had read the book before leaving.7教書育人時(shí) 態(tài) 詳 解一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)由謂語動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成，主語是第一、第二人稱和第三人稱復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，動(dòng)詞用原形。當(dāng)主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，須在動(dòng)詞原形的詞尾加-s或-es。主 要 用 法 a表示現(xiàn)在的特征或狀態(tài)e.g. I major in

8、 computer science. George is a teacher. It all depends. (得看情況。)8教書育人時(shí) 態(tài) 詳 解一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)由謂語動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成，主語是第一、第二人稱和第三人稱復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，動(dòng)詞用原形。當(dāng)主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，須在動(dòng)詞原形的詞尾加-s或-es。主 要 用 法 b表示經(jīng)?；蛄?xí)慣性動(dòng)作e.g. I climb the mountain three times a week. It seldom snows here. They cycle to work every day.9教書育人時(shí) 態(tài) 詳 解一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)由謂語動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成，主語是

9、第一、第二人稱和第三人稱復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，動(dòng)詞用原形。當(dāng)主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，須在動(dòng)詞原形的詞尾加-s或-es。主 要 用 法 c表示公認(rèn)事實(shí)或普遍真理e.g. Health is more important than wealth. Four plus three equals seven. Water freezes at 0.10教書育人時(shí) 態(tài) 詳 解一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)由謂語動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成，主語是第一、第二人稱和第三人稱復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，動(dòng)詞用原形。當(dāng)主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，須在動(dòng)詞原形的詞尾加-s或-es。主 要 用 法 d在時(shí)間和條件狀語從句中代替將來時(shí)e.g. When he finishes mid

10、dle school, he will go on his studies in college. We will have a football match if it is fine tomorrow.We will start as soon as you are ready.11教書育人時(shí) 態(tài) 詳 解一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)主 要 用 法 e在口語中表示預(yù)先安排好將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，但這只用于一些表示位置移動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞，如come, go, leave, sail, arrive, return, depart以及象start, begin, end, stop, open, close和be 等詞e.g.

11、 The delegation arrives here tomorrow.The plane takes off at 11 a.m.The evening party begins at 7:00 tonight.When does the exhibition close? I am in my office from three to six this afternoon.將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，12教書育人時(shí) 態(tài) 詳 解一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)主 要 用 法 f用于一些諺語、新聞標(biāo)題、體育解說詞、舞臺(tái)指導(dǎo)說明或講故事等e.g. Pride goes before a fall.（驕者必?cái)?。）AMERICA

12、N PROFESSOR LEAVES BEIJINGMoor passes to Charlton; Charlton shoots, its a good goal.When the curtain rises, Juliet is sitting at her desk. The phone rings.She picks it up and listens quietly.It is pitch-dark（漆黑的）that night. A cold wind is blowing from the north. Suddenly the door opens. A man bursts

13、 in with a baby in his arms.單擊轉(zhuǎn)到目錄頁13教書育人時(shí) 態(tài) 詳 解一般過去時(shí)一般過去時(shí)以謂語動(dòng)詞原形加-ed表示，不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過去式見不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞表。主 要 用 法 a表示確定的過去時(shí)間里發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或情況e.g. Scissors cut paper, but I cut my finger this morning.Shanghai was once the Paradise for Adventures.When did you meet him?14教書育人時(shí) 態(tài) 詳 解一般過去時(shí)主 要 用 法 b表示過去的習(xí)慣動(dòng)作e.g. Ken never smoked.

14、He often went dancing before.He gave Mary exciting gifts every Christmas.也可用used to或would來表達(dá)過去習(xí)慣的動(dòng)作e.g. Tom used to eat out every day, but now he cant afford it.He didnt use to make that mistake.When he was young, he would rise early and take a walk before breakfast.15教書育人時(shí) 態(tài) 詳 解一般過去時(shí)主 要 用 法 c在時(shí)間和條件

15、狀語從句中，代替過去將來時(shí)e.g. I missed that exciting game, because mother said I couldnt watch TV before my homework was finished.Father promised to buy me a bike if he got a raise.The little boy would open the door if he heard anybody knock at the door.16教書育人時(shí) 態(tài) 詳 解一般過去時(shí)主 要 用 法 d用于一些虛擬句，表示現(xiàn)在或?qū)硪芟牖蚍钦鎸?shí)的情況e.g. I

16、wish I had a better memory.Its five oclock. Its time we went home.Id rather you lived closer to us.If I knew his address, I would look him up.單擊轉(zhuǎn)到目錄頁17教書育人時(shí) 態(tài) 詳 解現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)由have/has+過去分詞組成，規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過去分詞與過去式同形，不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過去分詞見不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞表。與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用的時(shí)間狀語主要有兩類，一類是表示不確切的時(shí)間狀語，如just， ever， never， yet， already， before等；另一

17、類是表示包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的時(shí)間狀語，如these days， since，for a long time， this year， so far， up till now 等。18教書育人時(shí) 態(tài) 詳 解現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)主 要 用 法 a用來表示從過去到現(xiàn)在這段時(shí)間里已完成且對(duì)現(xiàn)在有影響的動(dòng)作e.g. John has been to Beijing. -John has gone to Beijing. -I have seen the film many times.（說明他現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)返回）（說明他現(xiàn)在不在此地）（說明對(duì)電影內(nèi)容很熟悉）19教書育人時(shí) 態(tài) 詳 解現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)主 要 用 法 b表示從過去延續(xù)到

18、現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)How many pages have you covered today?It has rained a great deal since you left.She has been ill for three days.20教書育人時(shí) 態(tài) 詳 解現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)主 要 用 法 c在時(shí)間和條件狀語從句中代替將來完成時(shí)e.g. The students will go home as soon as they have finished the exams.I will give my opinion when I have read the book through.He will

19、 say sorry to you if he has realized his own mistake.21教書育人時(shí) 態(tài) 詳 解現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)主 要 用 法 d用于This is the first time結(jié)構(gòu)中e.g. This is the first time I have eaten Pizza.This is the first time they have seen a panda.It is the first time John has played golf.單擊轉(zhuǎn)到目錄頁22教書育人時(shí) 態(tài) 詳 解現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)由has/have been + 現(xiàn)在分詞構(gòu)成主

20、 要 用 法 a表示現(xiàn)在以前一直在進(jìn)行的一個(gè)動(dòng)作，這個(gè)動(dòng)作可能已經(jīng)停止,也可能還在進(jìn)行e.g. How long has it been raining?She has been teaching in the elementary school since 1990.How have you been getting on with your work?23教書育人時(shí) 態(tài) 詳 解現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)由has/have been + 現(xiàn)在分詞構(gòu)成主 要 用 法 b表示延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并經(jīng)常重復(fù)的動(dòng)作e.g. Jim is annoyed. Jim has been phoning Jenny

21、 every night for a week. All the years they have been contributing articles to our magazine. We have been seeing quite a lot each other recently.24教書育人時(shí) 態(tài) 詳 解現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)由has/have been + 現(xiàn)在分詞構(gòu)成主 要 用 法 c用于得出結(jié)論e.g. Her eyes are red. It is obvious she has been crying. You look thin and tired. You hav

22、e been working too hard.單擊轉(zhuǎn)到目錄頁25教書育人時(shí) 態(tài) 詳 解過去完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)由had + 過去分詞構(gòu)成主 要 用 法 a表示過去某時(shí)刻以前發(fā)生或完成的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，即過去的過去這一概念e.g. By dusk tear gas had spread through the south campus.When I got to the cinema, the film had already begun.By the end of last October, they had fulfilled their production plan for the whole

23、 year.26教書育人時(shí) 態(tài) 詳 解過去完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)由had + 過去分詞構(gòu)成主 要 用 法 b表示某一時(shí)刻開始一直延續(xù)到過去另一時(shí)刻的動(dòng)作和狀態(tài)e.g. She had studied English for five years before she came to the college. He had lived with his grandmother before she died. I received a letter from a friend yesterday. We had not heard from each other since 1990.27教書育人時(shí)

24、態(tài) 詳 解過去完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)由had + 過去分詞構(gòu)成主 要 用 法 c在賓語從句中，當(dāng)主句為一般過去時(shí)而從句中的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在先時(shí)，從句常用過去完成時(shí)，常用于間接引語的情況e.g. Jane said that she had visited that science museum. He told us that John had broken his arm while riding a motorcycle. He said that when Id worked for a year Id get a rise.28教書育人時(shí) 態(tài) 詳 解過去完成時(shí)過去完成時(shí)由had + 過去分詞構(gòu)成主

25、 要 用 法 d用于過去時(shí)間的虛擬條件句中，表示與過去事實(shí)相反的情況e.g. We would have enjoyed our spring outing if it had not rained. If I had known that you were coming, I would have met you at the airport. If he had tried to leave the country he would have been stopped at the frontier.29教書育人時(shí) 態(tài) 詳 解過去完成時(shí)主 要 用 法 e在動(dòng)詞wish和if only后的從

26、句中，用于對(duì)未曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望表示遺憾e.g. I wished he had known the address. He wished he had lived nearer his work. -If only she had asked someones advice. 相當(dāng)于I was sorry he didnt know the address.相當(dāng)于He was sorry that he didnt live nearer his work. 相當(dāng)于I was sorry that she didnt ask someones advice.30教書育人時(shí) 態(tài) 詳 解過去完成時(shí)主

27、要 用 法 fexpect, hope, wish, intend, mean, plan, suppose, think, want 等動(dòng)詞用過去完成時(shí)表示過去的希望或計(jì)劃等沒有實(shí)現(xiàn)e.g. He had hoped to come and help, but he was sick. They had intended to visit you, but their car broke down. The boss had wanted to donate some money to the school, but he went bankrupt over a night.31教書育人時(shí)

28、 態(tài) 詳 解過去完成時(shí)主 要 用 法 g與before連用表示還沒就e.g. She wept before I had realized what was happening. They set out before I had told them the address. He closed the door before the telephone had rung.32教書育人時(shí) 態(tài) 詳 解過去完成時(shí)主 要 用 法 h用于it was the first time、no sooner than或hardlywhen結(jié)構(gòu)中e.g. It was the first time they h

29、ad tried foreign food. I had no sooner returned than he called. We had hardly begun when we were told to stop.單擊轉(zhuǎn)到目錄頁33教書育人時(shí) 態(tài) 詳 解現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)由am/is/are+動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞構(gòu)成主 要 用 法 a表示在某時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作e.g. A large audience is listening to the lecturer carefully.Whats the baby doing?Hes tearing up a 5 note.My neighbor i

30、s refurnishing（重新裝修）his rooms now.34教書育人時(shí) 態(tài) 詳 解現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)由am/is/are+動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞構(gòu)成主 要 用 法 b表示現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，但說話時(shí)不一定正在進(jìn)行e.g. He is taking a part-time job in the library. Some teachers in our department are learning how to program these days. I am reading a play by Bernard Shaw this month.35教書育人時(shí) 態(tài) 詳 解現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行

31、時(shí)由am/is/are+動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞構(gòu)成主 要 用 法 c表示計(jì)劃中即將發(fā)生的將來動(dòng)作e.g. My uncle is visiting us soon.Are you doing anything tomorrow afternoon?Yes, Im playing tennis with Ann.Im meeting Peter tonight. He is taking me to the theatre.36教書育人時(shí) 態(tài) 詳 解現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)主 要 用 法 d與副詞always, forever, continually, constantly等連用，表示經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，往往帶有贊

32、賞或厭惡等感情色彩e.g. Why are you always leaving things behind?He is always forgetting peoples names.She is always complaining.He is constantly producing devices for making the tasks of ordinary life easier to perform.The little boy is forever asking questions.單擊轉(zhuǎn)到目錄頁37教書育人時(shí) 態(tài) 詳 解過去進(jìn)行時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)由was/were+動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞構(gòu)

33、成主 要 用 法 a表示過去某時(shí)刻或某段時(shí)期正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作e.g. Between eight and ten I was studying in the library.When I arrived, Tom was talking on the phone.The mother was preparing dinner when the son came home.38教書育人時(shí) 態(tài) 詳 解過去進(jìn)行時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)由was/were+動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞構(gòu)成主 要 用 法 b不與時(shí)間狀語連用，表示逐漸的發(fā)展e.g. It was getting darker. The wind was rising.

34、 A wood fire was burning.39教書育人時(shí) 態(tài) 詳 解過去進(jìn)行時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)由was/were+動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞構(gòu)成主 要 用 法 c表示過去對(duì)將來的安排e.g. He was busy packing, for he was leaving that night. They were playing tennis from 3:00 to 4:00 that afternoon, so they booked . What were you doing at eight oclock?40教書育人時(shí) 態(tài) 詳 解過去進(jìn)行時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)由was/were+動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞構(gòu)成主 要 用

35、 法 d與某些副詞連用表示某事在過去經(jīng)常發(fā)生，而且?guī)в畜@奇或不滿等感情色彩e.g. My father was forever losing keys. He was always ringing me up. My grandmother was forever forgetting peoples names.41教書育人時(shí) 態(tài) 詳 解過去進(jìn)行時(shí)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)由was/were+動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞構(gòu)成主 要 用 法 e用在間接引語中，表示相當(dāng)于現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作e.g. He said he was living in London. I told them I was washing the car.

36、 They said that they were playing cards.單擊轉(zhuǎn)到目錄頁42教書育人時(shí) 態(tài) 詳 解將來進(jìn)行時(shí)將來進(jìn)行時(shí)由be的將來時(shí)形式+動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞構(gòu)成主 要 用 法表示將來某時(shí)刻或某段時(shí)期正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作e.g They will be waiting for you at the school gate from ten to eleven tomorrow morning.Wont he be working?When shall we be meeting again?Shall I be disturbing you if I do my typing here?Be sure to come. Well be expecting you.單擊轉(zhuǎn)到目錄頁43教書育人時(shí) 態(tài) 詳 解一般將來時(shí)現(xiàn)代英語表示將來時(shí)間的主要語法手段有五種主 要 手 段 1will/shall + 動(dòng)詞原形（主語是第一人稱時(shí)，可用shall。）e.g - The phone is ringing. - Ill answer it. - You will come