主謂一致-PPT（基礎(chǔ)課堂）

1、主謂一致原則講解1沐風(fēng)書苑rPlease make the best choice!2沐風(fēng)書苑r1.語法一致2.意義一致3.就近一致3沐風(fēng)書苑r1.When to leave not been decided.(have)2.Going shopping on Sunday one of his habits.(be)3.To do housework difficult for me.(be)4.What he said and what he did always different.(be)hasisiswere4沐風(fēng)書苑r 2). When and where to build the

2、 new factory _ yet. A. is not decided B. are not decidedC. has not decided D. have not decided當(dāng)when和where加不定式指的是同一件事時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。 5沐風(fēng)書苑r6沐風(fēng)書苑r 總結(jié)：一 語法一致：主語復(fù)數(shù)，謂語復(fù)數(shù)；主語單數(shù)，謂語單數(shù)；如果主語是不可數(shù)名詞，謂語用單數(shù)1。從句、不定式、動名詞等做主語時謂語動詞視為整體，用單數(shù)。注意：如果主語是兩個或者兩個以上的名詞性從句，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。 7沐風(fēng)書苑r1.The novelist and poet going to Europe next yea

3、r.(be)2.The novelist and the poet going to Europe next year.(be)isare總結(jié)2：兩個以上的名詞組成一個整體概念做主語時，位于用單數(shù)8沐風(fēng)書苑r1.The Arabian Nights very interesting.(be) 2.The United States founded in 1776.isis總結(jié)3：專用名詞如：書名，戲劇名，報刊名，國家（組織名），用單數(shù)9沐風(fēng)書苑r1）.Ten thousand dollars _ quite a large sum. A. are B. is C.has D. have2.Te

4、n minutes enough(be)3.Twenty years passed since he left.(have)ishas總結(jié)4：表示時間、距離、金額、度量等詞語做主語時，視為整體用單數(shù)10沐風(fēng)書苑r1）.Six times seven _ forty-two.A. are B. is C. have D. was2）10 plus30 40.3) 2 times 3 6.(make)is/equalsmakes 總結(jié)5：加、減、乘、除等數(shù)學(xué)運算的謂語動詞通常用單數(shù)11沐風(fēng)書苑r1.Each girl and (each) boy a new hat.(have)2.Every h

5、our and every minute (be)important. 3. They each a good hand writing.(have)4 Each of them a good hand writing.(have)has is have has 總結(jié)6:and連接的兩個主語或多個主語前有each, every， no 等修飾語時，謂語用單數(shù)12沐風(fēng)書苑r2 . 非謂語動詞，從句或其他短語作主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。例如： 1）.To get up early and to go to sleep early _ good for your health.A. is B. ar

6、e C. was D. were由and連接兩個名詞，包括兩個不定式、兩個動名詞作主語，若指同一件事或一個概念事，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。13沐風(fēng)書苑r4) . When we will hold the meeting _ not decided yet .A. is B. are C. be D .was 14沐風(fēng)書苑r3). Playing football not only _ us grow up tall and strong but also _ us a sense of fair play and team spirit .A. make; give B .makes; give

7、s C. makes; give D .make; gives15沐風(fēng)書苑r2、 舍近求遠(yuǎn)的原則： 語法一致的原則是指主語為單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)時，其謂語動詞要與其相呼應(yīng)。但我們要注意一些特殊情況；1）以along with, together with, with, as well as, accompanied by, rather than, but, except 連接的兩個主語，其謂語的單復(fù)數(shù)以第一個主語為主。例如：16沐風(fēng)書苑r1. Nobody but Jane _ the secret.know B. knows C. have known D. is known2. I, rather

8、 than you, _ responsible for the accident.A am B are C has D have17沐風(fēng)書苑r3. A library with five thousand books _ to the nation as a gift.is offered B. has offered C. are offered D. have offered4. All but one _ here just now.is B. was C. has been D. were18沐風(fēng)書苑r5.Tom as well as two of his classmates _

9、invited to the party.A. was B. were C. have been D. had beenThe house, including the garden and the garage, was sold out.19沐風(fēng)書苑r6. No one except my parents _ anything about it. A. know B. knows C. is knowing D. have knownSeveral passengers, together with the driver, were hurt.20沐風(fēng)書苑r1 。由not only but

10、 also, neithernor, eitheror, not but以及or連接的并列主語，謂語動詞要與最靠近它的主語在數(shù)上保持一致。 Not only your fathers friends but also your father likes smoking.3. 就近一致原則21沐風(fēng)書苑r1）Not only I but also Jane and Mary _ tired of having one examination after another.A. is B. are C. am D. be2）One or perhaps more pages _missing.is B

11、. are C. has been D. have been22沐風(fēng)書苑rAre you or he to drive ? Was she or you there ?3）Peter, perhaps John, _ playing with the little dog. A. seems B. were C. are D. is23沐風(fēng)書苑r4) _ he _ I finished the experiment?Have neither/nor Has neither/norC. Have neither/or D. Have either /or24沐風(fēng)書苑r5) - _ either

12、he or I fit for the job? Neither he nor you _ . A. Am; are B. Is; are C. Are; are D. Is; isHere is a pen, a few envelopes and some paper for you. guess25沐風(fēng)書苑r2在倒裝句中以及在There be 結(jié)構(gòu)中，如主語是并列的，謂語動詞往往和其后面的第一個主語取得數(shù)上的一致。 Where is your mother and younger sister? There is a pen , two pencils and five books on

13、 the desk. 26沐風(fēng)書苑r1) On the wall _ famous paintings. A. have B. are C. is D. has2) There _ a lot of milk in the bottle.A. are B. is C. were D. has27沐風(fēng)書苑r1并列主語如果指的是同一人、同一物或同一概念，謂語動詞用單數(shù)，這時 and 后面的名詞前沒有冠詞。 The secretary of the Party branch and director of that factory often works with the workers. 意義一致

14、：28沐風(fēng)書苑r29沐風(fēng)書苑r1）Both the secretary and the manager_ agreed to attend the meeting.A. has B. have C. are D. is 2）The secretary and manager _ very busy now.A. is B. are C.has been D. were30沐風(fēng)書苑r2陳述部分用everybody, everyone, somebody, someone, anybody, anyone, nobody, no one或 no +復(fù)數(shù)名詞等作主語時，反意部分用they。而陳述部分

15、用everything, something, nothing, anything時，反意部分代詞則采用單數(shù)，用it。Somebody is waiting for you, aren they? Everything is all right, isnt it? 31沐風(fēng)書苑r3 主語是以-ics 結(jié)尾的學(xué)科名詞以及news , works (工廠)等都屬形式復(fù)數(shù)，而意義單數(shù)的名詞，其謂語用單數(shù)形式。另外means一詞單復(fù)數(shù)同形應(yīng)視具體情況而定。 Mathematics seems to be difficult to learn. A new means of teaching is be

16、ing used in that school. 32沐風(fēng)書苑r33沐風(fēng)書苑r1)Every means _ been tried since then.A. has B. were C. was D. has been注：學(xué)科名詞前如有物主代詞修飾時，謂語常用復(fù)數(shù)。 My mathematics are weak. 2) All means _ been used .A. has B. was C. have D. be 34沐風(fēng)書苑r4the +形容詞或分詞作主語時，如指一類人。其謂語用復(fù)數(shù)，如指抽象概念，其謂語用單數(shù)。如： The rich are not always happy. T

17、he new is sure to replace the old. 35沐風(fēng)書苑rThe old _ well looked after by the government in China.A. is B. are C. has been D. was36沐風(fēng)書苑r5 .主語是family, team, group, crowd, class, committee等集合名詞時，如果作為一個整體看待，謂語用單數(shù)形式，如指的是全體人員時，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。 His family are all music lovers. 37沐風(fēng)書苑r類似這樣的集體名詞有： family, class, audie

18、nce, committee （委員會）, crowd, crew, group, party, population, team, public, council （理事會）, village等。The population of the earth is increasing very fast.38沐風(fēng)書苑r1) He said that his family _ all very well.A. are B. were C. is D. was 2) The population of the city _ increasing fast.A. were B. be C. is D.

19、are39沐風(fēng)書苑r3) The United States _ made up of 50 states, one of which _Kentucky. is / are B. is / is C. are / is D. are /are4) Zhangs family _ rather big, with twelve people in all.A. is B. are C. being D. was40沐風(fēng)書苑r5) Now the police _ searching the town for the lost child.A. was B. were C. is D. are.

20、6)The police _ the black in winter.wears B. wear C. put on D. puts on41沐風(fēng)書苑r主語 people 作“人們，人民”解時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)，作“民族”解時，有單復(fù)數(shù)之分。(police , cattle , public )Our people is a great one. There are 56 peoples in China. 42沐風(fēng)書苑r6主語是疑問代詞who, what, which,不定代詞all, more, most, any, none等以及名詞half, part, the rest等既可表示復(fù)數(shù)意

21、義又可表示單數(shù)意義，其謂語視情況而定。 Half of the visitors are from Europe. Half of the fruit is bad. 43沐風(fēng)書苑rThe rest of his journey was pleasant.The rest of the girls are fond of music.All of your work is well done.All of your answers are correct.44沐風(fēng)書苑r45沐風(fēng)書苑r1) Most of his spare time _spent in reading.are B. were

22、C. was D. have been2) Where _ that five pounds I lent you?A. is B. have C. was D. were46沐風(fēng)書苑r3) Two of them will go first, the rest _ to stay.A. is B. are C. used D. has4) It is not I who _ wrong.A. is B. are C. am D. has been47沐風(fēng)書苑r2“的幾分之幾”和“的百分之幾” 作主語時，其謂語用單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)取決于 of 后的名詞。 Three-fourths of the su

23、rface of the earth is sea. 40 percent of the students in our class are girls. 48沐風(fēng)書苑r70 percent of the surface is covered with water.70 percent of the farmers have improved their living conditions.49沐風(fēng)書苑r1) One third of the population here _ workers.A. is B. have C. be D.are2) About 20 percent of th

24、e work _ done yesterday.A. are B. is C. were D. was50沐風(fēng)書苑r8“one of + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞 + 定語從句”之前有the only, the very, the等限定詞和修飾語時，定語從句的謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。 She is the only one of these women who plays the violin. 51沐風(fēng)書苑r1) John is the only one of the students in our class who _ to school on foot.go B. goes C. have gone D.

25、 are going2) He was the one of the students who _ praised at the meeting.A. was B. were C. is D. are 52沐風(fēng)書苑r注意：1. one of +復(fù)數(shù)名詞+（單）謂語，如： One of the students is from the south.2. one of+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+定語從句（從句動詞用復(fù)數(shù)），如：He is one of the boys who are ready to help others.53沐風(fēng)書苑r3. the (only) one of+名詞（復(fù)數(shù)）+定語從句，從句中謂

26、語動詞用單數(shù)，表示眾多中只有一個，如： He is the only one of the students who comes early.54沐風(fēng)書苑r1）如果主語是由and連接的兩個單數(shù)名詞，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)，但前面有each, every, no 等詞修飾時，謂語用單數(shù)。例如： 語法一致 ：55沐風(fēng)書苑rBoth rice and wheat _ grown in that country. A. is B. are C. was D. has 56沐風(fēng)書苑rEvery boy and girl in this region is taught to read and write.No st

27、udent and no teacher is invited to the partyEach doctor and each nurse was sent for. 57沐風(fēng)書苑r1). During the holidays every train and ship _ crowded.A. are B. were C. was D. has2）No teacher and no student _ admitted in here.are B. were C. is D. has58沐風(fēng)書苑r主謂一致的測試熱點2由 many a 或 more than + 單數(shù)名詞作主語時，其謂語用單

28、數(shù)形式。 Many a foreigner has been to the Great Wall. More than one student has visited the exhibition. 59沐風(fēng)書苑r1) More than one person here _ with the disease.has been infected B. have been infectedC. has been infecting D. have been infecting60沐風(fēng)書苑r2) Many a student _ that mistake before. A. had made B.

29、 has been made C. have made D. has made61沐風(fēng)書苑r3主語是一些只有復(fù)數(shù)形式的名詞，如clothes, trousers, glasses, compasses, scissors, shoes, socks, gloves等時，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。但這類表示成雙的東西的名詞前有a pair of修飾時，謂語用單數(shù)。 My trousers are being washed now. There is a pair of shoes in the box. 62沐風(fēng)書苑rThis pair of shoes _ made in our factory.A. is

30、 B. are C. have beenD. had been63沐風(fēng)書苑r4“a number of + 名詞復(fù)數(shù)”作主語，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)； “ the number of + 名詞復(fù)數(shù)”作主語，謂語用單數(shù)。 A number of pupils like reading picture-books. The number of the students in our class is 55. 64沐風(fēng)書苑r2) The number of students that you have met _ the life of the team.are B. is C. were D. be1) A

31、number of students _ from the south.A. are B. is C. have D. has65沐風(fēng)書苑r成對的名詞，如bread and butter涂黃油的面包，soda and water汽水，coffee and milk加牛奶的咖啡，aim and end目的，salt and water鹽開水等，雖然有and連接，但仍表單一概念，作主語時，謂語用單數(shù)。 A knife and fork is on the table. 特殊知識點66沐風(fēng)書苑r67沐風(fēng)書苑r2在定語從句中主語是關(guān)系代詞who, that, which,謂語動詞的數(shù)應(yīng)與先行詞的數(shù)一致

32、。 I, who am your teacher, will teach you everything I know. 68沐風(fēng)書苑rIt is not I who _ wrong.is B. are C. am D. has beenHe, who _ your good friend, will share your joys and sorrows.was B. are C. is D. am69沐風(fēng)書苑r3主語是用作書名、劇名、報紙名、國名等的復(fù)數(shù)名詞，謂語一般用單數(shù)形式。 The United States is a developed country. 70沐風(fēng)書苑r1）The Arabian Nights _ well known to English lovers. A. is being B. are C. were D. is2）The