2016年高考完形填空解題技巧

1、高考英語(yǔ)專題復(fù)習(xí)-完形填空解題技巧指導(dǎo)完型填空試題主要特點(diǎn)：1.通常從一篇300-350詞左右，文章中設(shè)空20個(gè)，首句不挖空；2. 干擾項(xiàng)設(shè)計(jì)嚴(yán)密.一般情況下，四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的詞性相同或?qū)儆谕然驅(qū)Φ确懂牐蓴_項(xiàng)填入后在語(yǔ)法上一般不存在錯(cuò)誤，對(duì)考生有很大的迷惑作用；3.突出語(yǔ)篇(語(yǔ)境)，強(qiáng)調(diào)應(yīng)用，注重交際；4.大多富有積極的教育意義，給人以人生的啟迪或是充滿了生活情趣；沒(méi)有嚴(yán)格遵循答題步驟:很多考生一拿到完形填空題就急于選擇答案，不認(rèn)真分析通篇文章，單純求快，忽略語(yǔ)篇理解，只看局部的詞義辨析、搭配和語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)。表面上解題速度挺快，但是這種見樹不見林的做法只會(huì)影響解題的質(zhì)量和效率。為什么我們?cè)谶@一題型上

2、總是失分較多?切記:一定要用2-3分鐘時(shí)間先進(jìn)行缺詞閱讀,弄清文章大意和基本脈絡(luò)后再著手逐個(gè)填空.2. 不注意積累答題技巧: a.忽略文章首句的提示作用； b.忽略文章中上下文之間的照應(yīng)關(guān)系; c.遇到長(zhǎng)句不注意分析句子結(jié)構(gòu),在語(yǔ)義模糊時(shí)抱碰運(yùn)氣的心理隨意作出選擇. 3.時(shí)間安排不當(dāng):在幾個(gè)選項(xiàng)上過(guò)分糾纏，追求完美，導(dǎo)致許多本可以做出的題來(lái)不及做。切記:正確的做法是由易到難，先做會(huì)做 的，再考慮較難的。強(qiáng)烈推薦：如尚有幾題題目不確定可將某題的可能的兩項(xiàng)填入空格, 然后快速地整句整段地默讀, 選擇某一項(xiàng)習(xí)慣或短語(yǔ)或動(dòng)賓搭配讀起來(lái)較流暢的.細(xì)讀首句,跳過(guò)空格，通讀全文， 把握大意再讀全文，反復(fù)檢查

3、結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，綜合考慮，初定答案瞻前顧后，先易后難， 各個(gè)擊破正確的完形填空的解題步驟把握整體具體分析細(xì)讀文章的第一句話 高考完形填空選文的第一句話通常是完整的。該句往往就是主題句（Topic Sentence），這就為我們理解文章的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系提供了一個(gè)“窗口”，它的句意往往為全文提供中心信息，能直接概括全文大意、揭示主題。 充分重視首句的標(biāo)示作用，利用它為解題找到一個(gè)突破口，據(jù)此展開思維，爭(zhēng)取開局勝利。 對(duì)于敘事，描述類文章。短文的首句，往往點(diǎn)明故事發(fā)生的人物(who),時(shí)間（when），地點(diǎn)(where)，和事件(what)等背景情況。例： It was a busy morning，about

4、 8:30,when an elderly gentleman in his 80s came to the hospital . 2010全國(guó)卷（I） 對(duì)于論述文，首句表明了論述的主題。起到揭示主題的作用。例如： A man who knows how to write a personal letter has a very powerful tool. A letter can be enjoyed, read and 21 . . 2010全國(guó)卷（II）詞匯題高考完形填空考什么？篇章結(jié)構(gòu)(語(yǔ)境) 句際關(guān)系結(jié)合選項(xiàng)1.上下文和前后句的提示（復(fù)現(xiàn)、同/近義詞、反義詞）詞匯題 1.( 201

5、0北京卷)Mrs. Neidl would ask me for my 37 . She wanted to know how I thought She believed I had opinions, so I began to .37. A.opinion B.impression C.information D.intentionopinions語(yǔ)境-原詞重現(xiàn)2. (2010陜西卷） I had some 28 in my pocker, but I would not give them to him, thinking to myself he would 29（ only） us

6、e the money to feed his addiction to drugs or alcohol. 28. A. chocolates B. coins C. tins D. drugs語(yǔ)境-同義詞、近義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)3. Many old people dont have good _. They cant watch TV, but they can listen to music or news over the radio .A hearing B health C eyesight D time4. Some parts of the water are very shallow.

7、 But in some places it is very, very_. A. deep B.high C. cold D. dangerous5. I climbed the stairs slowly, carrying a big suitcase,my father following with two more.By the time I got to the third floor ,I was_ and at the same time feeling lonely.( NMET2000 ） A helpless B lazy C anxious D tiredD6. and

8、 then both ended up from the same high school. Just three weeks before_, Bill asked Mark if they could talk.(2003北京）A graduation B movement C separation D vacationA7The amount of usable water has always been of great interest in the world. Holding springs and streams sometimes means control, particu

9、larly in the 22 areas like the desert. 22Adry Bdistant Cdeserted Dwild 8The correct water supply forecast is based more on the water from the 34 than from the below. 34Aclouds Bsky Cair Dabove 9In 1964 Shirley graduated from Gallaudet and looked for _44_.She wanted to be independent and work full ti

10、me.44.A.informationB.helpC.a job D.an assistant10. The stone men face 41,rather than out to sea, and their eyes are focused upon the sky. 41. A. forward B. outward C. onward D. inward11.The art experts who work at the gallery say they used modern chemistry technology to 45 the paint on the picture.

11、These checks found traces(痕跡) of paint deep in the picture dating from about 1814.45. A. try B. remove C. wash D. check2.詞語(yǔ)的習(xí)慣用法和固定搭配1. （2010全國(guó)I) The nurse had him take a 36 in the waiting area, 37(telling) him it would be at least 40 minutes 38(before) someone would be able to see him . 36 A. breat

12、h B. test C. seat D. break語(yǔ)境-固定搭配take a 362.The city(Washington) was named_George Washington, the first president of the United States. A. by B. for C. as D. after 3. It was 4 oclock when the front doorbell rang. Mrs Clarke was _tea at the time. cooking B. making C. burning D. serving4. Mark_ down a

13、nd helped the boy pick up these articles.(2003 北京 春 50小題） A.fell B. sat C.lay D. knelt5. , but they are _ damage to our houses and shops of historical interest, Said John Norris,one of the protesters.（NMET1999第30題)A .doing B. raising C. putting D. producing 6.Hed 36 his life brewing beer for local b

14、reweries only to make a living, 37 had his father and grandfather before him. 36A. cost B. spent C. take D. paid37A. like B. as if C. so D. nor7.I called my beer Samuel Adams, 51 the brewer and patriot（愛(ài)國(guó)者）who helped to start the Boston Tea party.51A. for B. at C. in D. after 3.根據(jù)詞匯的意義及用法辨析詞義 1.(201

15、0江蘇卷) My father 36 me to her with these words:“I would like you to meet the fellow who is 36.A.rushed B.sent C.carried D.introduced 2.(2010全國(guó)I）The happiest people dont 53(necessarily ) have the best of everything；they just 54 the best of everything they have . 54 A. learn B make C.favor D.try語(yǔ)境-詞義辨析

16、36 me tojust 54 the best of語(yǔ)境-詞義辨析4. The boy was _ _ the water and his canoe was _ away. A. on B. within C. in D. under A. running B. floating C. flowing D. pulling3. Soon I heard a _ like that of a door burst in , and then a climb of feet. A. sound B. cry C. voice D.shout7.The trainer decided it wa

17、s useless trying to finish. He called to Trudy to 45 .45A. keep up B. slow down C. give up D. take up8.The forest began to disappear, which 53 all the animals dying out. 53. A. resulted in B. resulted from C. created D. lay in 5.根據(jù)生活常識(shí)及文化背景知識(shí)進(jìn)行選擇1. I made my sandwich that afternoon while waiting for

18、 Cassie. 39 the butter-cream gave me an idea. A. Spreading B. Boiling C. Baking D. Holding生活常識(shí)常識(shí)、背景知識(shí)2. (2010福建)Born in America , I spoke English not Chinese， the language of my ancestors . When I was three . my parents flashed cards with Chinese 36 at my face , but I pused them 37 (aside ) , 36. A.

19、 custorn B. games C .characters D. language 3. ,you _the international dateline.By agreement, this is the point where a new day_. A. see B. cross C. are D. are stopped byA.is coming B. is discovered C.is invented D. beginsthe international dateline是國(guó)際日期變更線，是人們所規(guī)定的，看不見，摸不著，但是可以越過(guò)。它是新的一天開始的地方。答案分別為B 和

20、D 邏輯手段2.邏輯手段讓步關(guān)系轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系因果關(guān)系解釋關(guān)系順序關(guān)系并列關(guān)系 1.（2010江蘇卷) Then she looked at my father and replied,“You are 40(wrong). This is not the worst boy at all, 41 the smartest one who hasnt yet found an outlet（釋放的途徑）for his enthusiasm.” 41. A.but B.so C.and D.or語(yǔ)境-轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系、搭配 the smartest 2.（2010湖南卷) Bean is a white do

21、g, quite handsome and very 38 . 38. A. smart B.sweet C.slow D.shy語(yǔ)境-同類并列關(guān)系 3.（2010安徽卷) First of all, a pen should fit comfortably in your hand, . Then the writing point of the pen 52 ,the pen should make a thick, dark line. 52. A. Meanwhile B. Generally C. Afterwards D. Finally語(yǔ)境-順序關(guān)系4. A transistor

22、 radio is sometimes very small.It is very easy to carry_,radio broadcasts are better for blind people. A. Besides B. However C. Yet D. Sometimes5. At first nothing happened,_suddenly a large rat rushed out ofthe A.and B. or C. so D.then6. My main responsibility(職責(zé)） were clearing tables and washing dishes,_sometimes I helped cook.（2003 北京 第40題） A. or B. so C. but D. even語(yǔ)篇理解作者觀點(diǎn)、態(tài)度Life is very 55 , so dont rush to make decisions. Life doesnt let you plan.55A. hard B. busy C. short D. longDr. Shirley Jeanne Allen has tra