電大本科高級(jí)英語unit 01

1、高級(jí)英語2Unit 1A fresh start江西電大 胡江萍2021年7月23日Content：. Grammar and listening(3-25). Text：Life Changing Days (2631). Reading and listening(3246). Grammar(4761). Vocabulary and speaking(6271). Speaking and Listening (72-79). Writing(80-96) . Grammar and listening:1Warm-up topics: 1、 Look at the photos. H

2、ow different are the two people? Talk about them using the adjectives in the following：appearance: sporty, cute, untidy, slim, plain, sloppy, well-groomed clothes: professional, casual, smart, trendy, scruffy, unfashionable, elegant personality: good-natured, serious, ambitious, fun-loving, self-con

3、scious, reserved, outgoing . Grammar and listening:2 Read about Colin and complete the texts with possible time expressions ：Before：1_In_ May, Colin was studying business administration at college. He was outgoing with a laid-back attitude to life and a motorbike and clothes to match. He 2 _always_

4、dressed casually, with a black leather bikers jacket being the number one item in his wardrobe. He hadnt been to the hairdressers 3 _for_ two years, and because of his hectic social life in the house he shared with college friends, hed stopped playing football and wasnt feeling very fit. . Grammar a

5、nd listening:3After - six months later: Colins worked for a large company (4) _for_ three months and has changed dramatically both in terms of his appearance and personality. Hes bought some smart clothes and is sporting a new hairstyle to go with his new professional look. He doesnt go out very (5_

6、often_ but hes been working out a lot 6 _since_ he graduated, and the effects are already beginning to show. He7_still_ shares a flat with a friend but is thinking of buying his own. He sold his motorbike two months 8ago_ and bought a small car - but he still loves his bikers jacket. . Grammar and l

7、istening:4Language notes:1. He was outgoing with a laid-back attitude to life and a motorbike and clothes to match.這里是說科 林以前過的是一種懶散的生活。laid-back 用來描述 人的生活態(tài)度，意思是懶散的，悠閑自在的。 后面的a motorbike and clothes to match 省略了主謂 語。完整的句子是He had a motorbike and clothes to match the laid-back attitude to life. . Gramm

8、ar and listening:52. Colins worked for a large company for three months and has changed dramatically both in terms of his appearance and personality. in terms of: 就而論；在方面 如：In terms of money, hes quite rich, but not in terms of happiness. 句意：科林為一家大公司工作 3個(gè)月了，他 在外表和性格兩方面有了很大變化。. Grammar and listening:

9、63. Hes bought some smart clothes and is sporting a new hairstyle to go with his new professional look. to go with： 與相配 如：Do you think this hat would go with my new dress? sport：這里用作動(dòng)詞，表示“夸 張炫耀地穿 戴。 如：She showed up at the party sporting a bright red hat. . Grammar and listening:73. Find an example f

10、or each meaning of these tenses in the texts about Colin. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí): 1. 習(xí)慣和日常行為: He doesnt go out very often. 2. 客觀存在或現(xiàn)時(shí)存在的狀態(tài): He still shares a flat with a friend. 3. 經(jīng)常存在的狀態(tài): He still loves his bikers jacket. . Grammar and listening:8現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) :1 . 正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作: 2. 一直或反復(fù)發(fā)生的行為: He is thinking of buying his own

11、flat. He is sporting a new hairstyle. 3. 變化和開展: The effects are beginning to show. . Grammar and listening:9一般過去時(shí): 發(fā)生在過去的動(dòng)作: He always dressed casually.He sold his motorbike two months ago. . Grammar and listening:10過去進(jìn)行時(shí): 1. 過去某個(gè)時(shí)間段內(nèi)進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作: Last May, Colin was studying business administration. 2. 和過

12、去某個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或行為: -. Grammar and listening:11現(xiàn)在完成時(shí): 1. 從過去一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài): Colins worked for a large company for three months. 2. 過去已經(jīng)完成但對(duì)現(xiàn)在還有影響的動(dòng)作: Hes bought some smart clothes. . Grammar and listening:12現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí) :強(qiáng)調(diào)從過去一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作的持續(xù)性: Hes been working out a lot. . Grammar and listening:13過去完成時(shí): 在過去已經(jīng)完

13、成的動(dòng)作中較早發(fā)生的那一個(gè): He hadnt been to the hairdressers for two years. Hed stopped playing football. . Grammar and listening:14 4. Look at these sentences. In which can the Present Perfect Continuous replace the Present Perfect? Why? 1. Colin has always wanted to work in business. 2. Colin has worked for a

14、 large company for three months. 3. Colin has been with the company for three months. Keys: In sentence 2 because work is an action that began in the past and still continues. 1 and 3 are both states. . Grammar and listening:155. Match sentences a and b to the sentences above them. Explain your deci

15、sions. 1. I was getting up when I heard a crash. 2. I got up when I heard a crash. a The noise woke me up. b Id just turned the alarm clock off. keys: 1b 2-a . Grammar and listening:163. We lived in London for five years. 4 Weve lived in London for five years. a. But then we left and came to live he

16、re. b But were thinking of moving now. Keys: 3-a 4-b. Grammar and listening:175. Shes seen him twice recently. 6. Shes been seeing him a lot recently. a. Their relationship is getting serious. b. Once in a club, and the second time in a shop. keys: 5-b 6-a. Grammar and listening:187. The concert sta

17、rted when we arrived. 8. The concert had started when we arrived. CSo we didnt miss anything. b So we missed the first part. keys:7-a 8-b. Grammar and listening:196 Complete the text with the best forms of the verbs in brackets. Its been the worst day of my life. Everything went wrong from the start

18、. First I woke up late because I _had set_ (set) my alarm clock for 7p.m. instead of 7a.m. When I ran out of the house, it _was raining_ (rain) hard and I _didnt have_ (not have) an umbrella. I finally arrived at the office, very wet and thirty minutes late. My boss _was standing_ (stand) by my desk

19、. What have you been doing_ (do), Smith? Swimming? he said. I apologised and sat down. Things went from bad to worse. First I _broke_ (break) the photocopier and then came back late from lunch because I got lost. We _arent doing_(not do) very well, are we, Smith? said my boss. Then I crashed the off

20、ice computer system. That was it. My boss _appeared_(appear) and said: You _havent made_ (not make) a very good start, Smith. I _dont think_ (not think) this is the right place for you. That was the end of my first day in my first job. Back to the Job Centre tomorrow. . Grammar and listening:207. Li

21、sten to two conversations about Colin and answer the questions. Who are the people and whats their relationship to Colin? 2) Who is/isnt impressed by Colins appearance? Why?3) Why do they think he has changed? 4 )Whose opinion do you agree with more? Why? . Grammar and listening:21Keys:1. work colle

22、agues; old friends 2. Kate likes his look, Jane does not; Jack thinks he looks fitter, Dave is not impressed with his new look.3. He was putting on weight, he was finding it difficult to find a job. . Grammar and listening:228. Listen to a conversation between Colin and his friends, Jack and Dave. C

23、orrect five facts in the summary and complete the last sentence. After Dave had called him, Colin met his two old friends and explained why hed changed his look. Hed been for a job interview the week before, and later, had heard the three interviewers talking about him in a caf. One of the women was

24、 criticising his hairstyle. But that wasnt what made him change his appearance. It was because . Grammar and listening:(23)Keys:1. Jack called him. 2. The job interview was a month before. 3. There were two interviewers. 4. They were men.5. He was critising his jacket. It was because he had seen him

25、self in a CCTV camera and thought he looked like a loser. Text :Life Changing Days(1)Language notes:1. Life Changing Days:這篇文章是由幾個(gè)廣告組成。. Text :Life Changing Days(2)2. If you want to have a thrilling adventure, explore a new direction or learn new skills with the help of the experts, why not try one

26、of our Life Changing Days? why not try, Go to. 廣告中常采用圖片或文字 等勸說性的語言來吸引人 們的注意。 explore:探究,探索 with the help of: 在幫助下. Text :Life Changing Days(3)3. He also gives advice about performing live, music publishing, PR and marketing. live這里指“現(xiàn)場(chǎng)表 演。如：live music performance現(xiàn)場(chǎng)音樂表演。PR 是Public Relations的縮寫，意思是公共關(guān)

27、系。 . Text :Life Changing Days(4)4. Get key advice about clothes that flatter your shape and colours that suit you. flatter：v. 常用來表示 (相片,畫 等的形象)比(真人,實(shí) 物)好看。如： This photo flatters him. 這張照片比他本 人漂亮。 此句可譯為：獲取關(guān)鍵的意見是穿什么樣的衣服可以使 你的體形比原來更好看以及什么顏色適合 你。 . Text :Life Changing Days(5) The Chopper Experience. Cho

28、pper： 是一個(gè)俚語，是“直升飛機(jī)的意 思。對(duì)應(yīng)的正式表達(dá)就是文中稍 后出現(xiàn)的helicopter。. Text :Life Changing Days(6) the flight counts towards a helicopter pilots licence. count towards：這里意思是“計(jì)入，算在 內(nèi)“。 這句話的意思是：練習(xí)局部的飛行計(jì)入取得 直升飛機(jī)駕 駛員執(zhí)照所需的 飛行里程。 . Reading and Listening (1)Read the text of Life Changing Days again, Look at the layout, head

29、ings and photos and answer the following questions: 1. What kind of text is it, eg an article, an advert, a brochure? Why?2 What do you think it will be about? . Reading and Listening (2)Keys:1. an advert it uses persuasive language such as why not try, Go to and photos that make it look interesting

30、 and exciting.2. Exciting adventures you can have. . Reading and Listening (3)3. The sentences below begin each paragraph of the text. Guess what the paragraphs will be about.1) Have you ever dreamt of winning Pop Idol or writing a Top Ten hit?2) Would you like to fly like a bird? 3) Do you scream w

31、hen you see a spider or faint if you see a snake? 4) Why not go on a mission and learn what it takes to be a secret agent? 5) Do you want to find a new look thats just right for you? . Reading and Listening (4)4. Match two of the phrases in the box to each topic sentence in Exercise 3. What more can

32、 you say about each paragraph now? air traffic control flatter your shape demo CD phobia hands-on experience creepy crawly unarmed combat accessories performing live surveillance cameras . Reading and Listening (5)Keys:air traffic control hands-on experience flatter your shape accessoriesdemo CD per

33、forming live phobia creepy crawly unarmed combat surveillance cameras. Reading and Listening (6)5. Read the text and complete it with topic sentences from Exercise 3. How much did you guess about each paragraph? Keys:A-3; B-1; C-4; D-5; E-2. Reading and Listening (7)6. Find acronyms 1-3 in the text.

34、 What do they stand for? Use the context and match them to a-c. 1 EMI a. a government intelligence agency 2 CAA b. an aviation association 3 MI5 c. a recording company keys: 1-c; 2-b; 3-a . Reading and Listening (8)TRAIN YOUR BRAIN Reading skills: 閱讀技巧 利用閱讀技巧提高閱讀效率： a 利用圖片和標(biāo)題確定文章類型，猜測(cè)文 章內(nèi)容。b 通過主題句猜測(cè)

35、文章大意。 c 通過上下文理解縮略語等文化信息，猜 測(cè)這些詞語指 . Reading and Listening (9) 7. Read Train Your Brain and decide how each point helps you to read more efficiently. Match the points to Exercises 2-6. Keys: A-2; b-3; c-6. Reading and Listening (10)Language notes:1、She now has itchy feet. itchy feet：這個(gè)短語表達(dá)某人有去旅 行的強(qiáng)烈渴望

36、。2、pay attention to: 注意， 重視3、 On the whole：總的看來;根本上. Reading and Listening (11)8、Read the profiles. Use the advice in Train Your Brain and follow the instructions in points 1 and 2. 1 Finish the topic sentences with your ideas and read them to the class. Decide whose sentence is the best and why. 2

37、Look at the acronyms in blue and guess what they refer to. . Reading and Listening (12)Keys:1. Ginny is 21 and leads a busy and adventurous life. Hugos 20 and used to work behind the bar in a music club. 2. From the text, we know that IBM is a multinational and that the UN is an organisation which u

38、ses voluntary workers. . Reading and Listening (13)9. Listen to the Profile. Ginny and Hugo each did a Life Changing Day. Use their profiles in Exercise 8 and discuss which ones they did. Think about the points below. Then listen and check. their strengths,weaknesses,skills,qualities, problems the c

39、oursesthey would enjoy and/orlearn from. Reading and Listening (14)10. Listen again. Are the statements true (T), false (F) or is there no information (NI)?1. Ginny paid for the experience herself. 2. It was exactly how shed imagined it. 3. She was very good at handling the controls.4. Hugo went to

40、live in Africa when he was five.5. He clearly remembers how he was traumatised. 6. He didnt overcome his fear immediately. keys:1-F; 2-NI; 3-NI; 4-F; 5-F; 6-T. Reading and Listening (15)Think about these questions. 1.Which Life Changing Day would you like to do? Why? Think of four people you know we

41、ll. Which experience would you recommend to each friend? Why? . Grammar (1)1. Listen to three people talking about their family history. Complete the table. PatriciaDavidJames1. family originally from2. emigrated to3. date of emigration4. reason5. life nowIrelandArgentina1850sPotato famineThey live

42、on a farm and breed cattle. Still celebrate Irish holidays PolandThe USA1936Difficult to earn a living in Poland. Still observe Polish customs and eat Polish food. EnglandSpainEarly 1980sParents hatedEnglands cold, wet weather. Relaxed, happy . Grammar (2) 2. Look at the title of the quiz and the ph

43、otos. Think about the questions. What do you know about the eventsshown?When and where do you think they happened?. Grammar (3)3. Complete the quiz with a/an, the or and choose the correct answers. Then listen and check. Millions of people throughout history have migrated from one country or contine

44、nt to another and created the world we know today. how much do you know about them? Over forty percent of _the_ population of Argentina are _the_ descendants of _a_ immigrants from which country? a Italy b Spain c Portugal . Grammar (4)2. British people who emigrated to Australia in the 1950s are ca

45、lled _ 10 poms. Pom stands for Prisoner of Her Majesty because the original eighteenth century immigrants had been_b_ a. servants of the Queen. b. transported convicts. c. sent by the Queen. 3. The Gold Rush in 1849 attracted 100,000 immigrants to _the_ state of a. Florida. B. Texas. C. California.

46、4. The largest Japanese population in _the_ world outside Japan lives in which city? a. San Francisco b. So Paulo c. Paris . Grammar (5)5. In August 1620, the Pilgrim Fathers sailed from Plymouth, England to _the_ coast of North America, where they founded _the_ town of a Boston. b Plymouth. c New Y

47、ork. 6. In the eighteenth century, _a_ thief who stole _ bread or _an_ apple in England could be transported for life to which country? a. Australia b. Africa c. India 7. In the last few years, _ immigration to Britain has averaged how many people a year? a 35,000 b 158,000 c 250,000 8. The second l

48、argest Oktoberfest worldwide takes place in Blumenau, _a_ small city in the south of Brazil. The city was founded by immigrants from which country? a Hungary b Greece c Germany . Grammar (6)Work it out Which article (a/an, the or zero article - ) do we use 1. when something is one of many? 2. when w

49、e mention something for the first time? 3. in general statements with a. plural countable nouns? b. uncountable nouns? 4. when we know which thing or person it is because a. it is mentioned for the second time? b. itis unique? c. it refers to something specific? . Grammar (7)3. Look at the underline

50、d phrases in sentences a-g and answer questions 1-4. A. But we still observe Polish customs at home. B. Life was very hard and over one million people left Ireland then. C. More than half of the population live in the capital, Buenos Aires. D. Mum was working in a local restaurant.E. The restaurant

51、belonged to her family. F. I am a descendant of an Irish family.g. My grandmother is still the head of the family. . Grammar (8)英語冠詞的用法講解英語中的冠詞分為不定冠詞和定冠詞。 1.不定冠詞的用法不定冠詞有兩個(gè)，a 和 an。a用在輔音開頭的單詞前面;an用于以元音開頭的單詞前。 如：a book, an apple。. Grammar (9)2. 定冠詞的用法1) 定冠詞和名詞連用，表示某個(gè)或某些特定的人或東西。2)定冠詞用于某些名詞或者形容詞前，表示一類人，一

52、 個(gè)民族，階級(jí)或階層。 3) 定冠詞用于第二次出現(xiàn)的名詞之前。4)定冠詞用于指說話雙方都知道的人或事。 5) 定冠詞用于世界上獨(dú)一無二的事物前。 6) 定冠詞用于形容詞和副詞的最高級(jí)前面。 7)定冠詞在play后和樂器連用, 如： play the piano彈鋼琴 play the flute吹長(zhǎng)笛. Grammar (10)3.不用冠詞的情況 1) 表示獨(dú)一無二的職務(wù)、身份前一般不用冠詞。 2) 表示球類、棋類的運(yùn)開工程不加冠詞。如： play football 踢足球 play chess下象棋3) 在一日三餐名詞前不用冠詞。4) 交通工具名詞前不用冠詞， 如：by car坐汽車 by

53、ship 坐船 by plane坐飛機(jī) on foot 步行5) 在一些地點(diǎn)的名詞，如：bed, church, school, hospital, home, work等。當(dāng)人們?nèi)ミ@些地方做在這些地方應(yīng)該做的事 時(shí)，不加冠詞。 go home回家 go to school去上學(xué) go to church去教堂祈禱 in hospital住院 go to work上班注：如果在上述詞組前面加上定冠詞the,可以表示去這些場(chǎng)所做其他的 事情。 如：He came to the school to speak to the headmaster.他來學(xué) 校和校長(zhǎng)談話。. Grammar (11)4

54、. Decide which sentence in each pair is a general statement and which refers to something specific and complete them with the or . 1) a _The_ life of an immigrant is often very hard. b _ _ life in the 21st century is changing fast. 2) a _ _ children grow up faster nowadays. b The_ children in my str

55、eet are very noisy. 3) a _ _ love makes the world go round. b He never lost _the_ love he had for his country. . Grammar (12)7. Complete the text with a, the or . The first Europeans to settle in 1_ _ Australia were 2 _ prisoners from Britain. In 3_ _ 1788, the ships of 4_ the _ First Fleet took aro

56、und 1,000 convicts to Botany Bay. Twenty percent of them were 5_ _ women. More than 162,000 prisoners were transported over the next eighty years. Life in 6_ the _ new colony was extremely hard for 7_ the _ convicts but they were not usually put in prison. Instead, they built towns and worked on 8_

57、_ farms to feed 9_ the _ new nation. A hundred years later, in 10_ the _ 1950s and 60s, Britons once again emigrated to Australia, but this time as free men and women. There was a shortage of labour so 11_ the _ Australian government offered 12_ _ migration papers, temporary housing and 13_ a _ sea

58、passage for the price of 10 14_ a _ ticket. Around one million people accepted 15_ the _ offer, and became 10 poms. . Grammar (13)Mind the trap! 當(dāng)prison, hospital, school這樣的名詞在文中表達(dá)它們 作為一種機(jī)構(gòu)的目的時(shí)，通常前面不加冠詞 。They were sent to prison. (目的) He works in the prison on the hill. (建 筑物) . Grammar (14)8. Compl

59、ete the sentences with the or . 1) They had beautiful flowers in _ the _ church for their wedding.2 )Hes been in _ _ hospital for nearly a week. 3) Can I meet you in front of _ the _ school at four? 4) I went to _ _ church every Sunday when I was a child. 5 )After I left _ school, I got a job. 6) Sh

60、e works in the hospital near her house. . Grammar (15)Think about these questions. Why do people give up everything to start a new life in another country? eg to get rich, for adventure Would you like to emigrate oneday?If so, where to? Why? . Vocabulary and speaking(1)2. Cross out five nouns that d