牛津譯林模塊七第三單元語法M7U3Grammarandusage

1、M7U2Grammar and usage(Auxiliary verbs)助動詞本節(jié)課的教學目標了解哪些動詞是助動詞；掌握助動詞的用法；3. 靈活運用助動詞。簡單句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)主+謂(vi.)主+系+表主+謂(vt.) +賓主+謂(vt.) +間賓+直賓主+謂(vt.) +賓+賓補He left.She is a doctor.He passed the exam.My sister gave me a book.You made her angry.一般簡單句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)主+謂(vi.)主+系+表主+謂(vt.) +賓主+謂(vt.) +間賓+直賓主+謂(vt.) +賓+賓補He left.S

2、he is a doctor.He passed the exam.My sister gave me a book.You made her angry.一般現(xiàn)在/過去時態(tài)的陳述語氣1.He left.2. She is a doctor. 3. He passed the exam.4. My sister gave me a book.5. You made her angry.He will leave.Is she a doctor?He did pass the exam.My sister didnt give me any books.You shouldnt make her

3、 angry.他將要離開了。她是醫(yī)生嗎？他真的通過考試了。我姐姐沒有給我書。你不應該讓她生氣。助動詞定義He will leave. Is she a doctor?He did passed the exam.My sister didnt give me any books.You shouldnt make her angry.Auxiliary verbs are used in forming tenses(時態(tài)), moods(情感) and voices(語態(tài)、語氣) of other verbs. 將來時態(tài)疑問語氣強調(diào)語氣否定語氣情感助動詞分類I am speaking in

4、favour of the Internet.A student will find abundant information on the Internet.We have known the truth.I shall be there at 8 oclock.amwillhaveshall時態(tài)助動詞時態(tài)助動詞有be(am, is, are; was, were), have(has, had), will(would), shall(should),無意義。 We are having an English class. I have seen the film. He didnt go

5、 home last night. We will fly for Africa next month. 幫助主要動詞have構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在進行時幫助主要動詞see構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在完成時幫助主要動詞go構(gòu)成一般過去時幫助主要動詞fly構(gòu)成一般將來時Whats the function of the underlined words?Have you kept the point in your mind?Are you a good listener?I do like our English teacher.Does the film Happy Feet entertain you? 語氣助動詞語氣助動

6、詞有be(am, is, are; was, were), have(has, had), do(does, did)無意義。DoesdoAreHave語態(tài)助動詞A special clinic was opened in Beijing.Many soldiers were killed in the battle.Nobody is allowed to break the rules.waswereisbe(am, is, are, was, were)無意義 He was sent to England. I would fly to Sweden if I were a bird.H

7、ad I lived in London, I would have been to London Bridge.Whats the function of the underlined words?幫助主要動詞send構(gòu)成被動語態(tài)幫助主要動詞構(gòu)成虛擬語氣幫助主要動詞構(gòu)成虛擬語氣There must be a rain tomorrow. No one may come to Lindas party because she hasnt sent invitations.You can do it if you devote yourself to it.The expert suggeste

8、d that the youth should do more exercise to keep fit.mustmaycanshould情態(tài)助動詞情態(tài)助動詞也稱情態(tài)動詞，輔助動詞來體現(xiàn)情感態(tài)度，有must, may, can, should等，與前幾類助動詞不同，每個情態(tài)助動詞有自己的不同意義及用途，可自成一體，是高考語法的一大重點。 We have/need to go home now.Students must study hard.Whats the function of the underlined modals?表示必要性表示職責It can be very hot in su

9、mmer in our hometown.表示可能性The president is to speak on TV tonight.I am going to attend a meeting in a week.When it rained, he was about to go out.Its getting late. Ive (got)to go now.Many countries would rather be cautious with this new technology.They are supposed to be at school before 8.is to am

10、going to was about to ve (got)to would rather are supposed to 助動詞分類助動詞詞組have(got)tohad betterwould sooner/ratherthanbe tobe likely tobe supposed toused tobe about tobe able to助動詞詞組有 等。不得不最好寧愿將要，應該很有可能 理應該過去常常正要去能夠I used to love cats, until I was attacked by a black cat last week.The application of t

11、his technology is likely to cause a revolution in this industry.I would sooner walk to the park than take the bus. Its not so far.You have (got) to be careful next time.You are not supposed to park your car here.Just as I was about to leave, he finally showed up.You had better have a rest. You look

12、pale.助動詞詞組用法：(翻譯下列句子)助動詞分類時態(tài)助動詞語氣助動詞語態(tài)助動詞情態(tài)助動詞時態(tài)助動詞有be(am, is, are; was, were), have (has, had), will(would), shall(should)。語氣助動詞有be(am, is, are; was, were), have (has, had), do(does, did)。Be(am, is, are, was, were)情態(tài)助動詞也稱情態(tài)動詞,輔助動詞來體現(xiàn)情感態(tài)度,有must, may, can, should等助動詞詞組有have(got)to, had better, would

13、sooner/ratherthan, be to, be likely to, be supposed to, used to, be about to, be able to等。助動詞詞組I will be speaking against the Internet.Too much information has not been evaluated.More measures should be taken to deal with the problem.There are two main points which must be included when we analyse t

14、he Internet.Tip 1: 除情態(tài)助動詞之外，其他助動詞可以有多個同時出現(xiàn)在謂語中。will be has not been should be must be 助動詞用法要點I _ about to leave this afternoon.The conference _ supposed to start at 8, but was delayed.Tom _(do) benefit a lot from reading at present._(have) everyone got an English dictionary now?Everything goes well,

15、 _it?amwasdoesHasTip 2: 除情態(tài)助動詞之外,其他助動詞要注意在時態(tài),人稱和數(shù)上要和主語保持一致。doesntTip 3: 常用助動詞be, have 和do 的使用。be, have和do都有以下用法:1) be/have/do + not，構(gòu)成_。I havent been to Hongkong so far.It isnt my fault.否定2) be/have/do+主語 ，構(gòu)成_。Have you got full understanding of the point?Is it a good idea to go hiking on weekends?疑問

16、或倒裝c. 我從未聽說過這樣的事情。 Never did I hear of such a thing.d. Not only have the medicine saved many peoples lives, but also start revolution in medicine.助動詞be的用法：1) be +現(xiàn)在分詞，構(gòu)成_。a. 他們正在開會。b. 英語現(xiàn)在越來越重要。2) be + 過去分詞，構(gòu)成_。a. 窗戶是湯姆打碎的。b. 世界各地都教英語。進行時態(tài)被動語態(tài)They are having a meeting.English is becoming more and mo

17、re important now.The window is/was broken by Tom.English is taught around the world.3)be + 動詞不定式，構(gòu)成_： 表示最近、未來的計劃或安排。a. 他下周要去紐約。b. 我們要教新生。將來時態(tài)He is to go to New York next week.We are to teach the fresh people.助動詞have的用法:1) have +過去分詞，構(gòu)成_。如：a. 他已去了倫敦。b. 上月未為止,他們已經(jīng)完成工作的一半。完成時態(tài)He has gone to London.By t

18、he end of last month, they had finished half of the work. 2) have + been +現(xiàn)在分詞，構(gòu)成_. 我一直在學英語，已達十年之久。 I have been studying English for ten years.完成進行時態(tài)3) have + been +過去分詞，構(gòu)成_。中國教英語已經(jīng)多年。English has been taught in China for many years.完成時被動態(tài)助動詞do 的用法:1) 構(gòu)成否定祈使句。不要這么心不在焉。說明:構(gòu)成否定祈使句只用do,不用did和does。2)放在動詞

19、原形前, 表_。a. 一定來參加我的生日宴會。Do come to my birthday party.b. 我確實去那兒了。強調(diào)Dont be so absent-minded.I did go there.3)用作代動詞，例如： Do you like Beijing? Yes, I do.(do用作代動詞，代替like Beijing.)他知道如何開車，對吧？He knows how to drive a car, doesnt he?Do you like college life? Did you study English before you came here? I do no

20、t like him. Do call me tomorrow. He did know that.Whats the function of “do/did”?構(gòu)成疑問句構(gòu)成疑問句構(gòu)成否定句構(gòu)成強調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)成強調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)助動詞還可用來構(gòu)成否定或疑問句，以及強調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)。小試牛刀Listening to loud music at rock concerts _caused hearing loss in some teenagers. A. isB. areC. hasD. haveThis coastal area _ a national wildlifereserve last year. A. was named B. namedC. is named D. names-Jack bought a new mobile phone the other day. -_?Thats his third one in just one month.A. Had heB. Did heC