高中英語(yǔ)必修3·Unit4·Astronomy：the·science·of·the·stars學(xué)

1、Unit 4 Astronomy : the science of the starsI.Words 1.harmful adj. 有害的 harm n& v 損害； 傷害 搭配： do harm to be harmful to 對(duì)、有害 Fruit juice can be harmful to childrens teeth , so mum said to her child :“Dont drink too much juice because it can do harm to your teeth.” 果汁有可能對(duì) 孩子 的 牙齒有害，因此媽媽對(duì)孩子說(shuō)：“不要喝太多的果汁，因?yàn)樗?/p>

2、對(duì)你的牙齒有害。2.puzzle n. 迷；難題 vt. & vi （使）迷惑；（使）為難 puzzling 令人迷惑的 puzzled 感到困惑的 There was a puzzled look on her face because a puzzling problem puzzled the little girl .她臉上有迷惑不解的神情，因?yàn)橛械懒钊速M(fèi)解的問(wèn)題使這個(gè)小女孩困惑。3exist vi. 存在； 生存 There exists nothing on the lonely island, so nobody can exist there .在這個(gè)荒島上沒(méi)長(zhǎng)任何東西，因此沒(méi)

3、人能在這兒生存。4.presence n.出席，到場(chǎng)，存在He hardly seemed to notice my presence.他似乎沒(méi)有注意到我在場(chǎng)。知識(shí)拓展：present adj. 現(xiàn)存的，當(dāng)前的 present n. 禮物，禮品，目前，現(xiàn)在 present v. 頒發(fā)，授予，把交給，展現(xiàn)，顯示present sth to sb =present sb with sth 把某物交給某人；頒發(fā)He presented a book to me.他送給我一本書(shū)。II. Phrases 1.in time 及時(shí)，終于Tom ,who used to be late ,can get t

4、o school in time now. He has learned to be punctual(守時(shí)的) in time .經(jīng)常遲到的湯姆現(xiàn)在能及時(shí)到校了。他終于知道守時(shí)了。拓展： all the time 一直；始終 at the same time 與此同時(shí) at a time 一次；每次 at one time 一度（過(guò)去）有個(gè)時(shí)期 at times 有時(shí)；不時(shí) in no time立刻；很快 2.prevent from 阻止干The heavy rain prevented us (from ) going to school .大雨阻止了我們?nèi)W(xué)校。拓展：keep .fro

5、m 阻止干stop .from . 阻止干protect from /against 保護(hù)免遭 3. now that 既然。引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句, that可以省略 Now（ that ）you have got a chance , you should make good use of it . 既然你得到了一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)，你就應(yīng)該好好利用它。4. break out 突發(fā) 爆發(fā) 沒(méi)有被動(dòng)形式break down毀掉 破壞 機(jī)器出故障 身體垮掉break in破門而入 打斷break up 粉碎 拆開(kāi) 放假 結(jié)束break away from 脫離 掙脫及時(shí)鞏固一：1). Mary and Joh

6、n were good friend, but after a quarrel they_ _.(broke up )2). Dont _ _ when we are talking. (break in )3). The prisoner_ _ _ his guards.(broke away from )4). His plan _ _ at last. (broke down )5). The economic crisis _ _ first in the USA. (broke out)及時(shí)鞏固二：give birth to system puzzle exist violent i

7、n time People gave birth to an idea long ago that the present system of education should be improved. What puzzles me is why a new system of education didnt turn up until now. But I believe that it will exist through violent struggle in time.很久以前人們就有一種想法：當(dāng)前的教育體系應(yīng)當(dāng)改進(jìn)。使我不解的是為什么一種新的教育體系迄今還沒(méi)有出現(xiàn)。但我相信通過(guò)艱苦

8、的探索最終會(huì)存在的。III. Sentence Patterns1. according to 根據(jù) 2. begin with 以、開(kāi)始 3. in all directions 朝四面八方4. in time 及時(shí)；遲早 5. fill with 用、充滿 6. all sorts of 各種各樣的 7. as well as 也，以及；除了、還有 8. for the first time 首次；第一次 9. remain a mystery 仍是個(gè)迷 10. 月球之旅(pay)a visit to the moon 11.一種普遍為人們所接受的理論a widely accepted t

9、heory 12. as a result因此 13. break out 爆發(fā)；發(fā)生 14. have a chance to do 有機(jī)會(huì)干、 15. as if 好像；似乎 16. depend on 依賴；取決于 17. cheer up 感到高興；感到振奮 18. come on加油；快點(diǎn)；得了吧 19. as far as 像、一樣遠(yuǎn)；就、；據(jù)、 20. 向某人解釋某事explain to sb. sth.21. allow to .允許某人干、 22. get close to 靠近 IV. Patterns 1as 的不同用法1) We watched , amazed as

10、fire broke out on the outside of the spaceship as the earths gravity increased. 我們驚奇的看著，隨著地球引力的增加，宇宙飛船的外層燃燒起火。 解析：as引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句2) Leaving the moons gravity was not as painful as leaving the earths .擺脫月球引力不像擺脫地球引力那樣痛苦。 解析：as 作副詞和連詞，引導(dǎo)比較狀語(yǔ)從句3) When we got closer to the moon , we shall feel its gravity pu

11、lling us, but it will not be as strong a pull as the earths . 當(dāng)我們更接近月球時(shí)，就會(huì)感覺(jué)到月球的引力在拉我們，但是月球的引力不像地球的引力那么大。解析：as 作副詞和連詞，引導(dǎo)比較狀語(yǔ)從句But when I tried to step forward ,I found I was carried twice as far as on earth and I fell over . 而當(dāng)我試著向前邁步時(shí)，我發(fā)覺(jué)我被送出去很遠(yuǎn)，步子的跨度竟然是在地球上的兩倍，因而我摔倒了。解析：倍數(shù)的表達(dá)法： as .as倍數(shù) + 比較級(jí)+ tha

12、n the size/ length /weight.of1)Americans eat _vegetables per person today as they did in 1910. A. more than twice B. as twice as many C. twice as many as D. more than twice as many 2) Its generally believed that teaching is _it is a science . A. an art much as B. much an art as C. as an art much as

13、D. as much an art as 3)During this season all the animals are sold at _usual . A. twice as higher price as B. as twice high price than C. twice as high as price as D. twice higher price than 2. It exploded loudly with fire and rock, which were in time to produce the water vapour , carbon dioxide, ox

14、ygen , nitrogen and other gases ,which were to make the earths atmosphere.分析： = 1 * GB3 * MERGEFORMAT “be + 不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)在此處表示注定會(huì)發(fā)生的事。He was to regret that decision for the rest of his life.他一定會(huì)對(duì)他余生的決定后悔的。 = 2 * GB3 * MERGEFORMAT “be to do” 還可表示必須或應(yīng)該Eg:You are to report this to the police.你應(yīng)該報(bào)警. = 3 * GB3

15、* MERGEFORMAT 表示計(jì)劃或安排Eg:They are to be married in June. 他們計(jì)劃七月份結(jié)婚。3.This produced a chain reaction, which made it possible for life to develop. it在句中作made的形式賓語(yǔ)，真正的賓語(yǔ)是不定式 to develop固定模式：v.+it +adj./n +to do 能用于此結(jié)構(gòu)的動(dòng)詞有：make ,believe ,think ,consider ,feel ,find 等。He feels it his duty to help others.他覺(jué)得幫助別人是他的責(zé)任。He thinks it important to learn English well.他認(rèn)為學(xué)好英語(yǔ)是重要的。4. Others, called amphibians ,were able to live on land as well as in the water.注意：called 過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ) as well as鏈接了兩個(gè)并列的介詞短語(yǔ)on land 和in the water.He has a flat in London as well as a house in