定語從句--lynn

1、定語從句復(fù)習(xí)1. This is the hotel in the city _ I know. A. It B. where C. that D. who2. Your teacher of Chinese is a young lady_ comes from Beijing. A. who B. which C. whom D. whose3. Is there anything else_ you require? A. which B. that C. who D. what4. Whats the name of the man_? A. you borrowed his car

2、B. which car you borrowed C. whose car you borrowed D. his car you borrowed一、定義及相關(guān)術(shù)語1.定語從句：修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句。定語從句一般緊跟在它所修飾的先行詞之后。2.先行詞：被定語從句修飾的詞叫先行詞。3.關(guān)系詞： 引導(dǎo)定語從句的詞叫關(guān)系詞。關(guān)系詞通常有下列三個(gè)作用：A.引導(dǎo)定語從句； B.代替先行詞； C.在定語從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)一個(gè)成分。 1.The students (who dont study hard) will not pass the exam.主句:The students will no

3、t pass the exam.2. The woman (whom you saw in the park) is ourEnglish teacher.主句:The woman is our English teacher.從句的主語：you從句的賓語：whom先行詞定語從句先行詞定語從句3. A shoe shop is a shop which sells shoes.主句：A shoe shop is a shop.4. The book that you want is on the desk.主句:The book is on the desk.5.The man who tol

4、d us a funny story is in the next room.主句: The man is in the next room.二、關(guān)系詞的選擇關(guān)系代詞which，that , who ,whom, whose, as關(guān)系副詞when, where, why步驟：1. 劃出定語從句 2. 找出先行詞看先行詞指人、物、時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因看定語從句中缺什么成分在從句中作主、賓、定在從句中作狀語關(guān)系代詞主語賓語定語指人指物ThatWhoWhomWhichwhoseA.關(guān)系代詞(that, which, whom在定語從句中作賓語時(shí)，可省去。)=of which/of whom1) A p

5、lane is a machine _can fly. 2) The noodles _I saw were delicious.3) Lets ask the man _is reading the book over there.4) The girl _we saw yesterday is Jims sister. 5) The foreigner _visited our school yesterday is from Canada.6). Thats the man _ house was burned down.whosethat /which主語that /whichthat

6、/whothat/who/whomwho/that賓語主語賓語主語定語1、Do you have anything _you want to say for yourself?2、This is the very book _Im looking for.3、This is the best _has been used against pollution.4、What is the first American film _you have seen?5、I know the things and persons_he referred to.6、Which is the bike_you

7、lost?7、They secretly built up a small factory which produced things_could cause pollution1.在先行詞是指物的時(shí)候，宜用that而不用which的情況1.當(dāng)先行詞是不定代詞all much.little.something.everything.anything.nothing.none.the one等2.當(dāng)先行詞前面有only.any.few. little.no.all. very等詞修飾 3.當(dāng)先行詞是形容詞最高級(jí)或它的前面有形容詞最高級(jí)修飾 4.當(dāng)先行詞是序數(shù)詞或它前面有序數(shù)詞修飾5.當(dāng)先行詞既有

8、人又有物6.當(dāng)主句的主語是疑問詞who或which7.有兩個(gè)定語從句，其中一個(gè)關(guān)系代詞已用Which/who/whom，另外一個(gè)宜用that(為避免重復(fù)使用某個(gè)詞)難點(diǎn)一：關(guān)系代詞who/whom/that 和which不能互換的場(chǎng)合 1.This is all_I know about the matter. A.that B.what C.who D.whether2.Is there anything else_you want? A.which B.that C.who D.what3.The last place _we visited was the Great Wall. A.w

9、hich B.that C.where D. itChoose the best answers:4. Please take the second chair_is over there. A. where B. which C. who D. that 5.Is oxygen the only gas _ helps fire burn? A. that B./ C.which D.it 6.Finally, the thief handed everything _ he had stolen to the police（NMET98) A. which B. what C. whate

10、ver D. that 1. She is no longer the girl_ she used to be. A. who B. that C. which D. whom8.關(guān)系詞在定語從句中當(dāng)表語，用thatB2. He was not the man _ he was before. A. who B. whom C. that D. whichC()()2.宜用which/who/whom而不用that的情況：1).當(dāng)定語從句的介詞提前時(shí)，要用which，構(gòu)成“介詞+which（或whom）”e.g.: The house in which they lived last yea

11、rhas been rebuilt.2).引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句時(shí)，要用which/who/whome.g.：He bought a railway ticket for the woman,which helped her a lot.3).先行詞本身是thate.g.：The clock is that which tells the time.4).先行詞是he, people, those(指人) 等指示代詞時(shí)，要用whom/whoe.g.: Those who are for me, put up your hands.1.The man with that / who you tal

12、ked just now is my neighbour.2.The plane in which we flew to Canada was really comfortable.3.The plane in that we flew to Canada was really comfortable.In the basket there are quite many apples, some of _have gone bad. There are forty students in our class in all, most of _are from big cities. Up to

13、 now, he has written ten stories, three of _ are about country life. whichwhichwhom固定結(jié)構(gòu)：some, any, none, all, both, neither, many, most, each , few，數(shù)詞+ of +which/whom填入適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~1.He is the man _ whom I think you can depend.()onI think you can depend ( ) the man.方法：根據(jù)從句中的動(dòng)詞與先行詞的關(guān)系或習(xí)慣搭配（把定語從句補(bǔ)充完整）.難點(diǎn)二：介詞的

14、選擇2.He referred me to some reference books _ which I am not very familiar.()withI am not very familiar ( ) some reference books.3.He made a hole in the wall, _ which he could see what was going on outside the house.先行詞是：a hole()through he could see what was going on outside the house ( ) a hole.1. T

15、here is a great deal of oxygen around us, _we could not live. A without it B which C without which D that2. I cant believe that restaurant, _I have eaten such wonderful meals ,is going to close down.A at where B at which C which D in which3. The beautiful dress _ Miss Jones went to the ball was borr

16、owed from a friend of hers.A in which B wearing which C that D wearing that用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系詞填空：1. Look at that lady _ name is Pochi.2. She is a teacher _ I like very much.3. Those pictures _ were drawn by Tom are nice.4. Those _will go to the park stay here.5. That was all the money _I had.whose whom/thatwhic

17、h/that whothat6. Tom is the first boy _left the room.7. Look at the boy and his dog _are coming this way.8. You can read any book _I have.9. The man to _ I spoke was a foreigner.10. The manager in _company I work pays much attention toimproving our working conditions.thatthatthatwhomwhose11.Shanghai

18、 is the city _ I was born. 12. Do you remember the years _ he lived in the countryside with his grandparents.in whichI was born ( ) the city.in whichHe lived in the countryside with his grandfather ( ) the years.wherewhenB.關(guān)系副詞（=介詞+which）先行詞狀語地點(diǎn)時(shí)間原因wherewhenwhy/ for which1.Lily would never forget th

19、e evening _ she lost the ring.A which B when C at which D where2.Tell me the reason _ you are late.A. which B. why C of which D/()()3.Do you still remember the chicken farm _ we visited three months ago? A. where B. when C. that D. what4.Some pre-school children go to a day care center,_ they learn

20、simple games and songs. A. then B. there C. while D. where ()(分析定語從句成分當(dāng)主語、賓語 用which that當(dāng)狀語 用 where=介詞+whichThis is the museum _ I visited a few days ago.where B. that C. on which D. the oneThis is the museum _ the exhibition was held.where B. that C. on whichD. the oneIs the exhibition _ the foreig

21、n friends visited yesterday? A. that B. the one C. which D. where先行詞指地點(diǎn)()()缺先行詞 1. Is this the factory _ you visited the other day? 2.Is this factory _ some foreign friends visited last Friday?3. Is this the factory _ he worked ten years ago? A. that B. where C. which D. the one BDCA 分析定語從句成分當(dāng)主語、賓語

22、用which that當(dāng)狀語 用 when=介詞+whichI still remember the days _ we spent together.when B. what C. that D. in whichI still remember the days _ we worked together.A. when B. what C. that D. for which先行詞指時(shí)間()() I will never forget the three years _ we both spent in the little village. A. when B. during which

23、 C. which D. in which () 分析定語從句成分當(dāng)主語、賓語 用which that當(dāng)狀語 用 why= for whichIs this the reason _ he explained at the meeting for his carelessness in his work？A. that B. what C. how D. whyIs this the reason _ he was late for school？A. that B. which C. how D. why先行詞指原因()()He was late for school （） the reas

24、on判斷改錯(cuò)1. This is the mountain village where I visited last year. 2. I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside. 3. This is the mountain village (which) I visited last year. 4. Ill never forget the days (which) I spent in the countryside.FFTTSee you！以the way為先行詞的限制性定語從句通常由in which或t

25、hat引導(dǎo)，而且通?？梢允÷?。 e.g.：The way (that / in which ) he answered the questions was surprising. 1. 先行詞是the way 的定語從句：I dont like the way (that / in which) you laugh at her.前提條件：the way 在從句中做方式狀語2.關(guān)系代詞as的用法：1. as 可以在定語從句中做主語或賓語，代表前面整個(gè)句子。 He married her, as / which was natural. He is honest, as / which we c

26、an see. 2. as 引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句可以放在主句之前、主句之后，甚至還可以作為插入語置于主句之間。 as 常常有“正如、正像”的含義。As is known to all, China is a developing country.He is from the south, as we can know from his accent.John, as you know, is a famous writer. 3. as 常用于固定結(jié)構(gòu)“so/suchas; the sameas”- 像一樣；和一樣Ive never heard such stories as he tell

27、s. He is not such a fool as he looks. This is the same dictionary as I lost last week.注意：當(dāng)先行詞受the same 修飾時(shí)，偶爾也用 that引導(dǎo)定語從句，但與as引導(dǎo)的定語從句意思有區(qū)別。 She wore the same dress that she wore at Marys wedding.She wore the same dress as her younger sister wore.比較：限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句A.限制性定語從句形式上不用逗號(hào)“，”與主句隔開。意義上是先行詞不可

28、缺少的定語，如刪除，主句則失去意義或意思表達(dá)不完整。B.非限制性定語從句形式上用逗號(hào)“，” 與主句隔開.意義上是對(duì)先行詞的補(bǔ)充說明，如刪除，主句仍能表達(dá)完整的意思。在非限制定語從句中，需注意以下幾點(diǎn)： that 不能用來引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句 why 不能用來引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，應(yīng)用for whiche.g. I have told them the reason, for which I didnt attend the meeting. 在非限制性的定語從句中，指人的關(guān)系代詞作賓語時(shí)，只能用whom，不能用who替換，也不能省略His wife, _ you met at my home,

29、 was a teacher. A. whom B. who C. that D. whose在非限制性定語從句中，關(guān)系代詞有時(shí)代替修飾的不是前面 的名詞或代詞，而是前面的整一句話。這種關(guān)系代詞只有 兩個(gè): which, as1.Alice received an invitation from her boss, _ came as a surprise.it B. that C. which D. he2._ is reported in the newspapers, talks between the two countries are making progress.A. It B. As C. That D. What區(qū)別： a. which 只能放在句末， 而as 從句則還可以放在句首或句中。b. 從意義上講，w