2022年東北大學(xué)東軟信息學(xué)院自考英語（二）練習(xí)題匯總（附答案解析）

1、 2022年東北大學(xué)東軟信息學(xué)院自考英語（二）練習(xí)題匯總（附答案解析）第1題【單選題】【完成句子】The importance of particular metals in the human diet has been realized within the past few decades, and the idea that geology might be related to health has been recognized for a number of elements such as iodine, zinc and selenium. For example, soil

2、s with low iodine contents produce crops, and animals deficient in iodine. A lack of iodine in the human diet leads to some serious diseases.Some serious diseases is connected with deficiency of _. A、industrially polluted soils B、the element of iodine C、rock and soil chemistry D、the persistence of h

3、eavy metals【正確答案】B【答案解析】通過關(guān)鍵詞Some serious diseases，可將題目定位于最后一句話：A lack of iodine in the human diet leads to some serious diseases. deficiency of和lack of表達(dá)同樣的意思“缺乏、缺少”，因此根據(jù)這句話可以判斷答案為B。第2題【單選題】【2009.04】If payment is not received, legal action will be our only_. A、aggression B、advantage C、alternative D

4、、ambition【正確答案】C【答案解析】本題考查詞義選擇。譯文：如果我們收不到付款，那就只好訴諸法律了。A 挑釁、侵犯；B 優(yōu)勢、優(yōu)點(diǎn)；C 選擇、取舍；D 野心、抱負(fù)。第3題【單選題】【閱讀判斷】Technology is a beauty. We eagerly adopt its pleasure, preferring to cope with the drawbacks on the morning after.Q: Technology is like an art, which everybody including scientists loves. A、True B、Fal

5、se C、Not Given【正確答案】C【答案解析】答案選C。這段提到了technology是一種美的享受，但是沒有說它是一種藝術(shù)，更沒有說我們每個(gè)人都熱愛這門藝術(shù)。第4題【單選題】【2008.04】To understand the sentence, you should analyze its parts _. A、functionally B、widely C、largely D、remarkably【正確答案】A【答案解析】本題考查副詞詞義區(qū)分。為了理解這個(gè)句子，你應(yīng)該分析句子各個(gè)部分的功能。A. 有用途地、有功能地； B. 寬廣地； C. 大大地； D. 突出地。第5題【單選題】

6、【2009.04】Ive got the order from the boss that the work _ finished before 5 p.m. today. A、would be B、be C、will have been D、could be【正確答案】B【答案解析】本題考查名詞從句中的虛擬語氣。譯文：我已經(jīng)從老板那得到指令，這項(xiàng)工作在今天下午五點(diǎn)鐘之前要完成。詳細(xì)解答：that引導(dǎo)同位語從句，說明order的內(nèi)容。同時(shí)從句要用虛擬語氣，從句謂語用should+動(dòng)詞原形的形式，should 可以省略。第6題【單選題】【2009.01】The twin sisters were

7、 identical_ appearance and character. A、of B、with C、in D、to【正確答案】C【答案解析】本題考查介詞詞義。句意：這對雙胞胎姐妹的面容和性格都一模一樣。be identical to/ with 完全相同的，一模一樣的。本題要說明在某個(gè)方面是一樣的，故選C。 第7題【單選題】Please remind me _ her this note. A、leave B、to leave C、leaving D、left【正確答案】B【答案解析】remind sb to do sth：提醒某人做某事。句意：請?zhí)嵝盐伊艚o她這張紙條。 第8題【單選題】S

8、he was _ be unable to speak. A、such angry as to B、so angry as to C、as angry as to D、angry so as to【正確答案】B【答案解析】so+形容詞+as to 表示“如此生氣以至于”第9題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】The ideal battery will store a lot of energy in a small packageRight now, Belchers model battery, a metallic disk completely built by viruses, looks li

9、ke a regular watch battery. But inside, its components are very smallso tiny you can only see them with a powerful microscopeWhich of the following is true of Belchers battery mentioned in paragraph 6? A、It is made of metal B、It is a kind of watch battery C、It can only be seen with a microscope D、It

10、 is a metallic disk with viruses inside it【正確答案】D【答案解析】做題步驟：四個(gè)選項(xiàng)逐一帶到原文，找到三個(gè)錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)，一個(gè)正確選項(xiàng)，比NOT TRUE題難。第10題【單選題】【完成句子】Heavy metals are persistent; they do not break down to other chemicals in the environment. Industrially polluted sites usually undergo intensive clean-up and rehabilitation because heavy

11、 metals are a health concern once they enter the food chain. Some trace metals are alleged to cause cancer and are also known to cause poisoning. Industrially contaminated sites usually require a thorough clean-up due to _. A、the persistence of heavy metals B、industrially polluted soils C、naturally

12、polluted soils D、rock and soil chemistry【正確答案】A【答案解析】本段提到：受到污染的土壤含有重金屬，而且重金屬很穩(wěn)定，不容易降解，所以要對重金屬進(jìn)行徹底的清除。答案選擇A。第11題【單選題】【2009.01】The twin sisters were identical_ appearance and character. A、of B、with C、in D、to【正確答案】C【答案解析】本題考查介詞詞義。句意：這對雙胞胎姐妹的面容和性格都一模一樣。be identical to/ with 完全相同的，一模一樣的。本題要說明在某個(gè)方面是一樣的，故選

13、C。 第12題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】Marian, the girl who wrote the original story about Roxaboxen that the childrens book is based on, was mayor. Other kids ran the stores which sold imaginary ice cream and baked goods. Kids drove imaginary cars outside of town, and the speeders went to jail, which was guarded by the

14、 sheriff, another kid. Elsewhere, boys and girls had battles, charging each others bases using spears made with ocotillo, a desert plant. Who is Marian? A、She is the author. B、She sold ice cream in Roxaboxen. C、She is the mayor of Roxaboxen in the book. D、She guards the jail in the book.【正確答案】C【答案解析

15、】答案選C。事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞鎖定短文本段。本段第一句話給出了正確答案，Marian是最先寫這個(gè)故事的人，但是并不是這本書的作者。而且是這本書中那個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)的鎮(zhèn)長。第13題【單選題】【2008.10】It took a few seconds for her eyes to _ to the darkness. A、allocate B、adopt C、apply D、adjust【正確答案】D【答案解析】本題考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析?！咀g文】她花了幾秒鐘時(shí)間使眼睛適應(yīng)黑暗?！驹敿?xì)解答】A 分配，撥出 B 收養(yǎng)，過繼 C 應(yīng)用，申請 D 調(diào)整，使適合第14題【單選題】【2009.04】When you

16、 _ know Bob better, you will like him. A、go to B、got to C、went to D、get to【正確答案】D【答案解析】譯文：當(dāng)你更加了解鮑勃時(shí)，你將會喜歡他的。試題分析：本題考查主將從現(xiàn)。詳細(xì)解答：根據(jù)主將從現(xiàn)的原則，主句用了一般將來時(shí)，時(shí)間狀語從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來。 第15題【單選題】【填句補(bǔ)文】Its now socially acceptable, even fashionable, to live alone. As people get better jobs and become financially independ

17、ent, it becomes possible for them to maintain a one-person household. _. However, people who do get married are marrying at a later age and divorcing more often. A、Theres more pressure to get married nowadays. B、The growing number of women with good jobs has done much to increase the number of peopl

18、e living alone. C、It seems that many grown-ups today are realizing that childhood dream. D、More and more Americans are living alone.【正確答案】B【答案解析】前句中提到“經(jīng)濟(jì)獨(dú)立”有可能造成保持一個(gè)人的家庭生活，B中的“婦女有好的工作，增加了獨(dú)身的人數(shù)”與前句內(nèi)容正好呼應(yīng)。第16題【單選題】【2009.7】An employee has perfect reliability if he always does his work _. A、personally B

19、、scarcely C、respectively D、responsibly【正確答案】D【答案解析】本題考查副詞意義區(qū)分。【譯文】如果一個(gè)員工做工作總是認(rèn)真負(fù)責(zé)，他就是完全可信賴的?！驹敿?xì)解答】A 親自地; B 幾乎不; C 個(gè)別地; D 可靠地第17題【單選題】【2009.10】Poor speaker of English though he was at the time, he still managed to make himself _. A、understand B、understood C、understanding D、to understand【正確答案】B【答案解析】本

20、題考查語法。那個(gè)時(shí)候雖然他說英語說得不好，但仍然可以讓別人聽懂。非謂語動(dòng)詞的選用。過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語表示被動(dòng)以及動(dòng)作的完成。第18題【單選題】【2009.10】As for family education, parents are encouraged to rely on _ rather than punishment. A、criticism B、intimidation C、persuasion D、scolding【正確答案】C【答案解析】本題考查名詞詞義區(qū)分?！咀g文】 關(guān)于家庭教育，鼓勵(lì)父母們依靠說服而不是懲罰孩子。 A 批評、指責(zé) B 恐嚇、威脅 C 說服、勸服 D 責(zé)罵、斥

21、責(zé)第19題【單選題】【完成句子】Sagan was noted for the vigour of his logic style, especially when criticizing some piece of pseudoscience（偽科學(xué)）. I remembered a 1973 AAAS meeting at which he destroyed the theories of Immanuel Velikovsky, who was maintaining that only a few thousands of years ago, Venus had repeatedl

22、y collided with Earth and Mars; events well noted. Velikovsky said, in the bible.In Sagans opinion, Velikovsky might be_. A、a member of the National Academy of Science B、a pseudo-scientist C、a science populariser D、a reporter【正確答案】B【答案解析】從這段文字中，我們可以了解到作者認(rèn)為，Sagan與偽科學(xué)作斗爭的一個(gè)實(shí)例就是Sagan摧毀了Velikovsky的錯(cuò)誤論述，

23、即Velikovsky提出，在過去幾千年中，水星與地球和火星反復(fù)多次相撞，這在圣經(jīng)中有加載。第20題【單選題】【2008.04】The vehicle was traveling at speeds _ 90 miles per hour. A、in addition to B、in view of C、in excess of D、in search of【正確答案】C【答案解析】本題考查短語辨析。那輛車以超過每小時(shí)90英里的速度行駛。A .除之外、 例外； B. 由看來、 有鑒于；C. 過分、超出； D. 尋找、追求。第21題【單選題】【2009.01】I was writing a re

24、port last night;_I would not have stayed up late. A、however B、otherwise C、therefore D、furthermore【正確答案】B【答案解析】本題考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我昨天晚上寫一個(gè)報(bào)告，否則我就不會熬夜了。A 然而，不過；B 否則，要不然；C 因此，所以；D 再者，而且。 第22題【單選題】【2009.04】She _ everything else and concentrated on the task before her. A、set off B、set back C、set aside D、set u

25、p【正確答案】C【答案解析】本題考查短語意義辨析。譯文：她把其他事情都放到一邊，集中精力于她面前的任務(wù)。詳細(xì)解答：A 出發(fā)、動(dòng)身；B 把（某物）置于之后、延遲；C 撇開、取消、廢除；D 建立、提出。第23題【單選題】【2009.7】The house was quiet in the night, _ the occasional coughing from my throat. A、as for B、such as C、instead of D、except for【正確答案】D【答案解析】本題考查短語意義區(qū)分。譯文：除了偶爾我咳嗽一下以外，這所房子在夜晚非常安靜。A 至于，關(guān)于； B 例如

26、；C 代替，而不是；D 除了以外第24題【單選題】【2008.04】The vehicle was traveling at speeds _ 90 miles per hour. A、in addition to B、in view of C、in excess of D、in search of【正確答案】C【答案解析】【譯文】那輛車以超過每小時(shí)90英里的速度行駛。【試題分析】本題考查短語辨析。 A .除之外、 例外； B. 由看來、 有鑒于；C. 過分、超出； D. 尋找、追求。第25題【單選題】【2007.04】The newspaper will have to close down

27、 if it cannot increase its _ considerably. A、distribution B、contribution C、prescription D、circulation【正確答案】D【答案解析】本題考查詞義辨析。circulation：（書報(bào)雜志的）銷售量，發(fā)行額，銷路。符合句意。 第26題【單選題】【2009.7】The wounded soldiers would recover quickly if they were well _. A、nourished B、stuffed C、tamed D、ventured【正確答案】A【答案解析】本題考查過去分

28、詞意義區(qū)分。譯文：如果受傷的戰(zhàn)士營養(yǎng)很好，他們就會很快痊愈。A 營養(yǎng)，滋養(yǎng)；B 填滿，塞滿； C 馴服（猛獸）；D 冒險(xiǎn)第27題【單選題】【2007.04】The book fair has received a positive _ from readers. A、result B、response C、settlement D、solution【正確答案】B【答案解析】本題考查詞義辨析。response：反映，反響。result：結(jié)果，后果。settlement：殖民，移民，定居。solution：解決；解答。根據(jù)句意，應(yīng)該選response。a positive response：良好的

29、反映。 第28題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】As far as astronomers（天文學(xué)家） can determine, the entire universe is built of the same matter. They have no reason to doubt that matter obeys the same laws in every part of the universe. Therefore, it is reasonable to guess that other stars, with their own planets, were born in the s

30、ame way as our own solar system. What we know of life on earth suggests that life will arise wherever the proper conditions exist.Astronomers believe that matter in different parts of the universe A、obeys different laws. B、obeys one common law. C、obeys the same laws. D、obeys no common law.【正確答案】C【答案

31、解析】答題依據(jù)在本段的第二句?？茖W(xué)家沒有理由懷疑宇宙中的物質(zhì)遵循同一法則，即他們相信宇宙中不同地方的物質(zhì)是遵循同一法則的。第29題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】Calorie restriction dramatically extends the lifespan of organisms as different as worms and rodents. Whether this works in humans is still unknown partly because few people are willing to submit to such a strict diet.Accord

32、ing to the passage, we do not know whether humans will benefit from taking in fewer calories partly because_. A、humans, worms and rodents are different. B、most people are not willing to be put on a strict diet. C、the effect is not known. D、genetic changes in tissues can not be performed on humans.【正

33、確答案】B【答案解析】本題答案可從本段的最后一句話中找出。第30題【單選題】【閱讀判斷】Five neighbors at a central Missouri retirement community who are all centenarians (百歲老人) get asked all the time：“How did you live to be 100?Q: The five centenarians live in a very friendly community A、True B、False C、Not Given【正確答案】C【答案解析】答案選C。題目說的是“這五位百歲老

34、人生活在一個(gè)非常友好的社區(qū)”，文章開頭部分提到了“community(社區(qū))”，但該句并沒有說這五位百歲老人生活的社區(qū)是否是一個(gè)友好的社區(qū)，因此判斷問題句的信息在文章中沒有提到。第31題【單選題】I would love _ to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report. A、to go B、to have gone C、going D、having gone【正確答案】B【答案解析】本題考查非謂語動(dòng)詞與虛擬語氣。would love to do 為一固定搭配形式，其中不定式表示想要做的動(dòng)作。但

35、此句中but 連接的句子說明其實(shí)動(dòng)作并沒有發(fā)生，所以這里要用虛擬語氣表示與過去事實(shí)相反，選用B項(xiàng)。 第32題【單選題】【2009.01】You should help them_when your friends quarrel with each other. A、come into sight B、come to terms C、come into play D、come to power【正確答案】B【答案解析】本題考查短語的習(xí)慣用法。句意：當(dāng)你的朋友吵架時(shí)，你應(yīng)當(dāng)幫助他們協(xié)調(diào)一下。come into 或 come to 都表示進(jìn)入（某種狀態(tài)）。A 映入眼簾；B. 達(dá)成協(xié)議，妥協(xié)；C 開

36、始運(yùn)作；D. 上臺，開始掌權(quán)。 第33題【單選題】【填句補(bǔ)文】The smoke that comes from a lit cigarette contains many different poisonous chemicals. In the past, scientists did not think that these chemicals could harm a nonsmokers health. _. They discovered that even nonsmokers had unhealthy amounts of these toxic （有毒的） chemical

37、s in their bodies. A、The Gilsons have been married for 35 years. B、Recently, though, scientists changed their opinion after they studied a large group of nonsmokers. C、We cannot avoid secondhand smoke in restaurants. D、In the United States, nine million children under the age of five live in homes w

38、ith at least one smoker.【正確答案】B【答案解析】前一句講的是科學(xué)家們過去對二手煙的看法，接下來應(yīng)選表示他們改變觀點(diǎn)的句子，因?yàn)橄乱痪浔砻魉麄兯值挠^點(diǎn)已與過去截然不同。第34題【單選題】【概括大意】They always complained（抱怨） more or less justly, that their parents are out of touch with modern ways. They also blamed that their parents always have a final say. And the young felt that t

39、heir parents do not trust their children to deal with crises. Besides, they dissatisfied too much murmurs of their parents about certain problems and the lack of sense of humor in dealing with the problems, at least in parents-children relationships.The main idea of this paragraph is_. A、The critici

40、sms to their parents can be kept out of the young peoples mind in following ways. B、It is natural for young people to be critical of their parents at times and to blame them for most of the misunderstanding between them. C、There are so many criticism to their parents among the young people. D、Young

41、people have gotten enough reasons to criticize their parents.【正確答案】C【答案解析】本題段落中的各句列舉了年輕人都抱怨其父母些什么，談的是what are the criticisms?的問題因此選擇C。第35題【單選題】【填句補(bǔ)文】Doctors believe that secondhand smoke may cause lung cancer in people who do not smoke because nonsmokers often breathe in the smoke from other peoples

42、 cigarettes_. The US Environmental Protection Agency reports that about 53，000 people die in the United States each year as a result of exposure to secondhand smoke. A、The risk is even higher for children who live in homes where both parents smoke. B、In the United States，nine million children under

43、the age of five live in homes with at least one smoker. C、This smoke is called secondhand smoke. D、No one knows for sure why Mr. Gilson has lung cancer.【正確答案】C【答案解析】前一句提到，不吸煙者時(shí)常吸入他人香煙中冒出的煙，接下來應(yīng)首選對此煙加以定義的句子。第36題【單選題】【2010.04】We have greatly _ the procedure according to the chairmans suggestion. A、sti

44、mulated B、perceived C、obscured D、simplified【正確答案】D【答案解析】【譯文】 按照主席的提議我們已經(jīng)大大地簡化了步驟?！驹囶}分析】本題考查詞義辨析?！驹敿?xì)解答】 動(dòng)詞的詞義選取。第37題【單選題】【2009.01】If you try to learn too many things at a time, you may get_. A、concentrated B、confused C、confirmed D、convinced【正確答案】B【答案解析】本題考查形近形容詞意義區(qū)分。句意：如果你試圖一次學(xué)太多東西，你就有可能糊涂了。A .濃縮的，專心

45、的；B 糊涂的，混淆的；C 根深蒂固的；D 確信的。第38題【單選題】【2009.7】An employee has perfect reliability if he always does his work _. A、personally B、scarcely C、respectively D、responsibly【正確答案】D【答案解析】本題考查副詞意義區(qū)分?！咀g文】如果一個(gè)員工做工作總是認(rèn)真負(fù)責(zé)，他就是完全可信賴的。【詳細(xì)解答】A 親自地; B 幾乎不; C 個(gè)別地; D 可靠地第39題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】In 1841, a book was published which as

46、tonished the world. It was called “Incidents of Travel in Central America，Chiapas and Yucatan”. The author John Loud Stephens had just returned from a long, difficult and dangerous journey through the thick rain forest of southern Mexico and Guatemala. He had once been there with Frederick Catherwoo

47、d, an architect and artist, to search for the remains of a lost civilization known as the Mayas(瑪雅). Very little was known about the Mayas at that time, but Catherwoods drawing in the book showed incredible cities with temples，pyramids and other buildings as impressive as those of their northern nei

48、ghbors, the Aztecs. These cities, however, were deserted. The inhabitants(居民) had disappeared almost a thousand years before.Stephens book astonished the world because _. A、it was the first time people heard about Mayas. B、the Mayas were excellent builders and farmers. C、he had experienced so many d

49、ifficulties to find this lost civilization. D、it described that the Mayas used to be an advanced civilization.【正確答案】D【答案解析】根據(jù)問題中的關(guān)鍵詞astonished，把本問題定位在第一句In 1841, a book was published which astonished the world.對下面的幾個(gè)重要事實(shí)的歸納概括就得出正確答案：D。第40題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】Today, working less than a 40-hour week, people en

50、joy more leisure time. Hence, the wise use of leisure time has become an important problem for everyone, young or old. It is a particularly difficult problem for the sick, the aged, and those who have retired from earning a living. Those people have so much leisure that it is hard for them to find i

51、nteresting and worthwhile ways to use it.How to spend leisure time wisely is not a particularly difficult problem for people _. A、who are very busy everyday B、who are sick in bed C、who are aged and in good health D、who have retired from work【正確答案】A【答案解析】本題可采用排除法，第三句話（It is a particularly difficult p

52、roblem for the sick, the aged, and those who have retired from earning a living.），可以看出這三類人對于怎樣度過空閑時(shí)光是特別困難的，所以可以排除BCD項(xiàng)，選A。第41題【單選題】【完成句子】The importance of particular metals in the human diet has been realized within the past few decades, and the idea that geology might be related to health has been r

53、ecognized for a number of elements such as iodine, zinc and selenium. For example, soils with low iodine contents produce crops, and animals deficient in iodine. A lack of iodine in the human diet leads to some serious diseases.Some serious diseases is connected with deficiency of _. A、industrially

54、polluted soils B、the element of iodine C、rock and soil chemistry D、the persistence of heavy metals【正確答案】B【答案解析】通過關(guān)鍵詞Some serious diseases，可將題目定位于最后一句話：A lack of iodine in the human diet leads to some serious diseases. deficiency of和lack of表達(dá)同樣的意思“缺乏、缺少”，因此根據(jù)這句話可以判斷答案為B。第42題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】On the other ha

55、nd, on the moon there will be an attraction between the butter and the moon; but the butter will weigh only about one-sixth as much as it does on the earth. This is because the moon is so much smaller than the earth. The amount of gravitational pull that a body produces depends on the amount of mate

56、rial in it. A packet of butter has a gravitational pull of its own; but this is very small in relation to the pull of something as large as the moon, or the earth, or the sun.We do not feel the gravitational pull of a packet of butter because A、it is too small to have a gravitational pull of its own

57、. B、its pull is so small that we tend to ignore it. C、its pull disappears in the presence of the earths gravitation. D、it tends to melt and loses its gravitational pull.【正確答案】B【答案解析】本題定位詞是not feelpacket of butter，找到原文中A packet of butter has a gravitational pull of its own; but this is very small in

58、relation to the pull of something as large as the moon, or the earth, or the sun.所以答案是B。C項(xiàng)錯(cuò)在disappear。第43題【單選題】【閱讀判斷】The people of Kiribati are afraid that one day in the not-too-distant future, their country will disappear from the face of the earth - literally. Several times this year, the Pacific

59、 island nation has been flooded by a sudden high tide.Q: The people of Kiribati worry that one day their country will be taken away by a sudden high tide. A、True B、False C、Not Given【正確答案】A【答案解析】答案選A。該題目說的是：Kiribati的人民擔(dān)心他們的國家將被突發(fā)的洪水淹沒。該題源于第一句：Kiribati的國民擔(dān)心在近期的某一天，他們的國家將會地球上面消失by a sudden high tide。第4

60、4題【單選題】【概括大意】Many of lifes failures, the supreme innovator said, are people who did not realize how close they were to success when they gave up. Before that magical moment in October 1879, Edison had worked out no fewer than 3,000 theories about electric light, but in only two cases did his experim