新概念英語第二冊筆記-第三十課

1、第 頁Football or polo?單詞講解polo 馬球 （四人一組騎在馬上對打木球的比賽）水球 water poloWayle n.威爾（河名）Cut vt 切，割，剪，劃，砍cut-cut-cut例 : She cut her finger on a piece of broken glass.他在一塊碎玻璃上劃傷自己的手指。cut the apple into halves 把蘋果切成兩半cut the apple into thirds 把蘋果切成三半cut 恤 e apple into quarters 把蘋果切成四半His cruel remarks cut her deep

2、ly.他殘酷的評論傷透了她的心.cut 的有關短語： cut class 曠課cut across/cut through 穿過 （尤指抄近道）例 : I usually cut across the park on my way home.I usually cut through the park on rny way home.我回家的路上總是穿過那個公園。cut down砍到（樹木）減少量例 : The apple tree was dead and he cut it down.這個蘋果樹死了，他把樹砍倒了。The car industry cut down production.汽

3、車工業(yè)降低了產(chǎn)量。cut down the expenses 少開支chop 劈slit 切割開gash 砍進（割一條長而深的缺口）slice 切成薄片carve 雕刻dice切成小方塊tear撕裂修剪trim rown. 一排，一列， 一行，成排的座位例 : The boy was sitting in the first row.這個小男孩坐在第一排。Would you arrange the chairs in five rows?你把椅子排成五排嗎？in a row 排成一排連續(xù)的例 : Children were standing hand in hand in a row.孩子們手

4、拉手的站成一排。He has been absent for 5 years in a row.他已經(jīng)連續(xù)五天缺席了。a hard row to hoe （v.用耕鋤耕地）艱苦的生活row 橫行l(wèi)ine 豎排file 一縱隊（排的很整齊）2）V.戈娜例： Can you row a boat? 你會劃船嗎？They rowed across the rive。他們劃過了這條河。3）n 劃船運動go for a row 去劃船go for a walk 去散步4）劃船；一排（列）row（rau爭吵 row Iraulv row with sb 與.爭吵n.例：What s the row abo

5、ut?到底在吵什么呢？make a row kick up a row 起哄，大吵大鬧kick1）v.踢kick sb /sth with the foot 踢 例 : Mummy, Dick kicked me on the leg!媽媽， Dick 踢我的腿。（ Tom， Dick ， Harry 人的名字）kick the ball 踢kick a hole in the door 在門上踢了一個洞Be careful of that horse-it often kicks.小心這匹馬，它常踢人。（idiom） Kick a man when he is down 落井下石vt.虐待，

6、欺負例 : The boy is always kicking his younger brother about.這個小男孩總是欺負他弟弟。kick 腳踢punch 拳打toward （s） prep.朝方向對（表關系），接近（表時間），有 趨勢例：He walked towards the door 他朝門走過來。His attitude towards me has changed.他對我的態(tài)度轉變了。Towards the end of the game she fell asleep.臨近比賽結束時，她睡著了。There is a tendency towards inflation

7、有通貨膨脹的趨勢。towards只能表示朝著目標移動（強調越來越近）例： We drove towards Miami 我們開車去邁阿密。to 含有到達的含義例： We drove to Miami 我們開車到了邁阿密。nearly adv.大約，接近，差不多例：Its nearly 2 oclock.大約兩點了。That car nearly ran over a dog! B輛車差點撞至1J條狗。almost與 nearly最接近， 但 almost可與 nobody,nothing, nowhere, never連用 nearly 貝不能。approximately/ about在超過或

8、沒有超過某標準的兩種情況下，均可使用，但almost, nearly用于接近單位達到某標準的情況。例：It cost approximately 300, I cant remember exactlY.大概花了 300 美元我記不太清了。sight n1)視力，視覺lose ones sight失明 (become blind)far-sighted 遠視near-sighted近視short-sighted目光短淺的long-sighted目光長遠的例： Out of sight， Out of mind 眼不見，心不煩。at the sight of 看至到 (seeing)We lau

9、ghed at the sight of her strange clothes.我們一見她的奇裝異服就笑了。He fell in love with the girl at the first sight.他對那女孩子一見鐘情。2)視界，視野in sight 在視野之內out of sight 在視野之外例： The train is still in sight 火車還看得見。Get out of my sight. 滾開 ! (Get out!)Get out of here!Get awaY from here!關鍵句型 Key Structuressome /any 的用法。some

10、 多1)二者都可以表示不定量的代詞，相當于“一止暨”，可修飾可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)和不可數(shù)名詞，用于肯定句，any 多用于疑問句，否定句或條件從句。例 : There are some scenic spots around the city.在這個城市周邊有些風景優(yōu)美的地方。Lets get some fruit for the children. 給孩子們買些水果吧。Do you need any reference books? 你需要一些參考書嗎？They haven t put forward any concrete proposals.他們還沒有提出一些明確的建議。If you find

11、any new words in it, mark them out.如果你發(fā)現(xiàn)那些生詞的話，把它們標出來。2）有些疑問句表示請求，建議，反問等，這時多用 some而不用any;例： Would you mind buying me some aspirin?你為我買些阿司匹林好嗎？Aren t there some stamps in that drawer?抽屜里面有郵票嗎？some和any還可以用來修飾可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，這時 some表示“某一個 any表示”任何一個“隨便 哪一個”。例：You will regret it someday.總有一天你會后悔的。You can get it

12、in any department store.你在任何一個百貨商店都可以買到。冠詞 the 的用法1）在人名和地名前不加冠詞a 或 the例 : John lives in England. He has a house in London.2）在海洋，河流，山脈前，一定要用定冠詞the例 : Who was the first person to sail across the Pacific?誰是第一個橫渡太平洋的人呢？It can get rough in the Mediterranean 地中海）。（地中?？赡芎懿黄届ocMany great cities are built on

13、rivers; 1aris is on the Seine,London is on the Thames and Rorne is on the Tiber.很多大城市建在河岸上，巴黎在桑納河上，倫敦在泰晤士河上，羅馬在地波河上。I know a man who has been on climbing expeditions in many parts of the world. He has climbed inthe Alps, the Himalayas,and the Rocky Mountains.我認識一個參加過世界各地登山探險的人，他曾攀登過阿爾卑斯山脈，喜馬拉雅山山脈以及落

14、基山。3）由普通名詞構成的專有名詞前加 the。America-the Unite States of AmericaChina- the People s Republic of Chinathe Great Wall , the Summer Palace, the Forbidden City4）表示特定的或上文提到過的事物（或雙方都明了的事物）前加the。例：工am interested in the film我對這部電影感興趣。Pass me the slippers pleas e 請把拖鞋遞給我。5）世界上獨一無二的事物前加 thethe earth the moon the s

15、un6）在序數(shù)詞或形容詞的高級前加 thethe second storey：1層樓the largest room 最大的房間7）在方位詞前面加theon the lefton the rightin the eastin the west8）在表示時間的一些固定短語前加 thein the morning in the afternoonin the evening in the day time9）the放在形容詞前表一類人the poor the rich the old the young the sick the new the blind IO） 在姓氏復數(shù)形式前，表示一家人或夫

16、婦倆。the Whites; the Browns; the TunersII） 在樂器前加thethe piano; the guitar; the saxophone12）表世紀的某個年代in the 1980 s13）在發(fā)明物的前加the例 : The telephone was invented by Bell.電話是由貝爾發(fā)明的。The compass was invented in Chin a指南針是中國發(fā)明的不加冠詞的時候：1)專有名詞，物質名詞，抽象名詞，人名，地名前不加冠詞，ChinaLondonAmerica Smith Art matter2)季節(jié)，月份，星期，節(jié)假日，

17、一日三餐，前不加冠詞March MayNational s dayValentineChildren s day Supper Spring Saturday3)學科名稱，球類，棋類名詞前不加冠詞mathematics politics football basketball chessExercise：1. 用 some 和 any 填空l)ls there_ hope of our fulfilling the plan?2)My mother bought_ sweets for me.3)1f I can spare money , I II buy a dictionary.4)Wo

18、uld you iike beer?5)Come day you like.6) You will realize your dream _ day.答案 : any some any some any some2、在必要地方填上冠詞a或therefrigerators are necessary in hot countries.Which river is_ longest,_Nile,_ Amazon, or Mississippi?Heyerdahl crosses_ Pacific on_ raft.Why is_ Britain sometimes called United Ki

19、ngdom?We sailed up_Red Sea and then went through_ Suez Canal答案： 1)不填2) the the the the 3) the a 4)不填 the 5)the the課文講解TextThe Wayle is a small river that cuts across the park near my home.定語從句that/which 修飾物的關系代詞ear adj. /prep 在附近，表示含糊的“近”的意思，可能還有相當一段距離close表示可接觸的范圍內的by在的旁邊在的近旁nearby1)adj.附近的 a nearb

20、y town/a town nearbyffi近的村莊2)adv.附近地例：my parents live nearby,我的父母親住在附近。I like sitting by the Wayle on fine afternoons.on fine afternoonsafternoons表示每當下我都會。to,表一般規(guī)律，用一般現(xiàn)在時。in the afternoonon fine afternoonson the afternoon of July the fourthIt was warm last Sunday, so I went and sat on the river bank

21、 as usual.as usual 像平常一樣than usual 比平常as before 像以前than before 比以前Some children were playing games on the bank and there were some people rowing on the river.用過去進行時描述故事背景rowing 現(xiàn)在分詞表伴隨狀語Suddenly, one of the children kicked a ball very hard and it went towards a passing boat, but he did not hear them.call out to sb(for sth) 大聲喊叫(己引起別人的注意)The ball struck him so hard that he nearIY fell into the water.strikestrike-struckstruckSO + adj/adv.+ that 如此 .以至于例 : He was so ill that we had to send for a doctor.他病得如此重以至于我們請大夫去。She was so angry th