高考英語學(xué)習(xí)提升課堂：短語如何理解與記憶

1、高考英語學(xué)習(xí)提升課堂：短語如何理解與記憶閱讀下面短文（2022年新高考全國I卷），從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選 出可以填入空白處的最正確選項(xiàng)。My husband, our children and I have had wonderful camping experiences over the past ten years.Some of our _41_ are funny, especially from the early years when our children were little. Once, we _42_ along Chalk Creek. I was

2、_43_ that our 15-month-old boy would fall into the creek 溪）.I tied a rope around his waist to keep him near to our spot. That lasted about ten minutes. He was _44_, and his crying let the whole campground know it. So _45_ tying him up, I just kept a close eye on him. It _46_ - he didnt end up in the

3、 creek. My three-year-old, however, did.Another time, we rented a boat in Valerio Lake. The sky was clear when we _47_, but storms move in fast in the mountains, and this one quickly _48_ our peaceful morning trip. The _49_ picked up and thunder rolled. My husband stopped fishing to _50_ the motor.

4、Nothing. He tried again. No _51_. We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor. As we all sat there _52_, a fisherman pulled up, threw us a rope and towed 6燈）us back. We were _53_.Now, every year when my husband pulls our camper out of the garage, we are filled with a sense of _54_z won

5、dering what camping fun and _55_ we will experience next.A.ideas B.jokes C.memories D.discoveriesA.camped B.drove C.walked D.cycledA.annoyed B.surprised C.disappointed D.worriedA.unhurt B.unfortunate C.uncomfortable D.unafraidA.due to B.instead of C.apart from D.as forA.worked B.happened C.mattered

6、D.changedA.signed up B.calmed down C.checked out D.headed offA.arranged B.interrupted C pleted D.recordedA.wind B.noise C.temperature D.speedA.find B.hide C.start D.fixA.luck B.answer C.wonder D.signalA.patiently B.tirelessly C.doubtfully D.helplesslyA.sorry B.brave C.safe D.rightA.relief B.duty C.p

7、ride D.excitementA.failure B.adventure C.performance D.conflictKeyCADCB ADBAC ADCDB其中，45和47題分別考查了短語instead of和headed off,前者在課本的詞匯表中 直接列出，是考生熟悉的短語；head off在字典中可查到兩種用法：If you head off a person, animal, or vehicle, you move to a place in front of them in order to capture them or make them change the di

8、rection they are moving in.攔截，攔住。He changed direction swiftly, turned into the hallway and headed her off. 他迅 速改變方向，拐進(jìn)走廊截住了她。If you head something off, especially something unpleasant, you take action before it is expected to happen in order to prevent it from happening. 阻止，防止 （尤指不愉快的事）發(fā)生He would as

9、k Congress to intervene and head off a strike,他將要求國會進(jìn)行干預(yù)， 防止發(fā)生罷工。顯然，上面 head off 的兩種釋義和 The sky was clear when we _47_ （headed off）中的 headed off是不匹配的。其實(shí)，可以將這個短語拆分為head + off的模式來理解。head : to move in a particular direction 朝（某方向）彳亍進(jìn)off: away from a place 離開（某處）因止匕，句子可以理解為 The sky was clear when we head

10、ed （for the mountains） off （the departure place）當(dāng)我們離開（出發(fā)地）前往（山里）時，天空晴朗。止匕夕卜，句子The _49_ （wind） picked up and thunder rolled（風(fēng)起雷鳴）中，乍看之下, 很多人會以為在考查名詞，筆者卻認(rèn)為該題旨在考查短語pick up （加速，越刮越大風(fēng)）；此外， 該題也考查了動詞roll的意思，可謂是一石二鳥。roll: to make a long continuous sound 發(fā)出持續(xù)的聲音Thunder rolled.雷聲隆隆?？忌鷮ick up最熟悉的意思是撿起，拾起，對于它的

11、其他意思，了解較少，因?yàn)樗?的意思實(shí)在太多了，字典上列出的意思有20余種。pick up英pik Ap 口） 美pik Ap 0） （y拿起；提起；拾起；撿起；（跌倒或被擊倒后）使（自己）慢慢站 起（或爬起）；（通常指開車）接載，取走 逮捕；拘捕；（不費(fèi) 力地）獲得，學(xué)會 （以發(fā)生性關(guān)系為目的）與搭訕；得（?。?；染上（疾?。唤邮盏剑ㄐ盘柣蚵曇簦?；發(fā)現(xiàn)，找到，識 別（特點(diǎn)或模式）;重提，接過（觀點(diǎn)或話題）；（貿(mào)易或經(jīng)濟(jì)） 好轉(zhuǎn)，改善；指出的錯誤；糾正；收拾殘局；努力恢復(fù)下面的短語檢測資料你怎么看呢？檢測效度如何？15. hold up舉起3耽誤,延誤hold back阻礙3控制3保存.隱瞞ho

12、ld。任推遲，遲疑（不做某事）3保 持距離，使不娥近hold on堅(jiān)持下去；痛（ ）hold to堅(jiān)持（做法/看法）3道新 緊緊地1M住 hold one?s breath屏住呼吸；極其聚張hold water能成立，站得住 Shortage of capital （資本） was a factor economic development.He asked me to while he left the telephone to find a pencil.She her tears with difficulty.To me: none of his arguments seemed to

13、I still my former views.The traffic was by an accident.The jury （陪畝團(tuán)） giving a deasion until hearing more evidence.I could tell from his nervousness that he was something important.The boys in our class a large blue banner（橫幅）at the sports meet.John for days before he got word that the college he ch

14、ose had accepted him.The police had difficulty in the fans when the pop star was getting in the car如果學(xué)生對每個短語沒有經(jīng)過較充分的理解和記憶，只看中文意思進(jìn)行匹配的話，該種練習(xí) 對學(xué)生的區(qū)分、理解有一定的幫助。那么，對于意思豐富的短語，教師在平時的教學(xué)中應(yīng)該怎樣取舍、作出選擇呢？選擇的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)又該如何把握呢？一掌握好短語的基本意思.基本意思一一短語的最基本的意思掌握好了，理解短語的延伸意思就有了基礎(chǔ)；.延伸意思一一短語的延伸意思往往建立在其基本意思之上，再進(jìn)行適度的延伸，因此， 正確的推測能力很重要。二短語的理解記憶程序目前，多數(shù)學(xué)生主要從教科書中獲得短語，極少數(shù)學(xué)生能夠直接應(yīng)用于口頭和書面輸出， 在這基礎(chǔ)上如果有課外相關(guān)語言材料的輸入，可以加強(qiáng)學(xué)生對該短語意思的理解，記憶起來 更容易；之后如果教師采取及時、有效的檢測手段，很多學(xué)生可能就能夠?qū)⑺鼞?yīng)用輸出。正文聽力實(shí)際上，如果一個短語在教科書和課外資料及其檢測中二次、三次、屢次出現(xiàn)的話，學(xué)生理 解和記憶的水平就越高，自由應(yīng)用的可能性就更大，這就提