讀后續(xù)寫微技能氛圍營造法之二3大高潮營造法

1、1 What is a climax of a story?讀后續(xù)寫微技能|氛圍營造法之二|3大高潮營造法(什么是故事高潮 ？)文學(xué)故事中的 高潮(climax )-故事的主要場景(key scene )也通常是故事的 轉(zhuǎn)折 點(turning point ),是指故事達到最緊張或扣人心弦的那一部分。高潮有時候是劇情中的“危機”點。有時候，它只是達到關(guān)鍵時刻或者轉(zhuǎn)折點，發(fā)生了一些事情，或者主 角必須做出決定，從而導(dǎo)致一個結(jié)果或其他。我們在分析敘事類故事或者小說故事的時 候常常用下面的圖表來表示故事情節(jié)0StoryfountainFallingAction7his is when thechar

2、acters worA toso/ve the probfemor GonflicLResolution7his is howthings end upin the story.RisingAction7his ina/udes theevents leading up tothe main prMetn arGQnf/iGt.background7his indudes theintroduction Qfcharacters andsetting.ClimaxThis is when the problemreaches a high point!常見故事高潮示例:A little gir

3、l has been searching for her lost dog. All of a sudden, she hears abark coming from around the corner, and she looks around to see .Kevin has worked very hard to try out for the soccer team at school. The coachhas posted a list of this years team members on his office door. Kevin walks forward to lo

4、ok at the list .Marys parents have been discussing whether or not to move to another state.They call Mary and her sister down to talk with them about their decision .Lois has performed in the state gymnastics finals. She waits anxiously to hearthe names of the winners. The announcer says, And first

5、place goes to .文學(xué)名著中的一些故事高潮The deaths of Romeo （who kills himself because he thinks Juliet is dead） andJuliet （who kills herself when she awakes and sees Romeo dead）. Romeo and Juliet, Shakespeare（羅密歐和朱麗葉，莎士比亞）When Gaston and the townspeople come to attack the beast, and Belle admits her love for th

6、e beast. Beauty and the Beast, Disney（美女與野獸，迪土尼）In The Three Little Pigs, suspense builds up until the confrontation between the third pig and the wolf. This confrontation is the climax.（三只小豬）2How to create a climax of a story?（如何營造故事的高潮？）方法1.增加外部沖突增加外部沖突是一種明顯有效的可以達到故事高潮的方式。沖突帶來緊迫感，將故事推向必要的解決或崩潰。1）角

7、色之間的沖突（人物觀點差異，競爭需要等）如：2017 年11 月浙江英語高考：On thefourth or fifth night,wehad trouble finding a hotel with a vacancy. After driving in vain for some time,Momsuddenly got a great idea: Why didntwe finda house with alikely-looking backyard and ask if we could set up tent there? David and I became nervous.開

8、車找旅館一徒勞無功一母親建議搭帳篷在他人后院 -David 和 我倍感緊張，心有不悅（母子的觀點不一）2）角色與環(huán)境之間的沖突如：2017 年 6 月浙江英語高考：Then Mac heard quick and loud breathing behindhim. he saw instantly that it wasnt a dog at all, but a wolf: quickly catchingup with him. Macs heart jumped., he fired the spray at the wolf. A brightred cloud enveloped t

9、he animal, and to Macs relief, it fell back, shaking its head.But a minute later, Thenit , tearing open his tent bag. He fired at thewolf a second time, and again, it fell backMac騎車獨自行，路遇餓狼，與之搏斗，險象環(huán)生。（人（角色）-一 狼（環(huán)境）大戰(zhàn)）3）時間依賴的發(fā)展：決策變得緊急如：2017 年 6 月浙江英語高考：The car abruptly stopped in front of him. Get in

10、tothe car. Paul shouted at Mac. Mac jumped off the bike and slid into the car without delay as the wolf was just two steps away and was about to tear Mac into pieces. What a narrow escape! 騎車突停面前 一急喊上車-Max 上 車避險-餓狼近在咫尺（此情此景，刻不容緩）4）增加的障礙：人物角色必須克服挑戰(zhàn)，以達到他們的目標(biāo)例如：2018 年 6 月高考 But before we jumped off the

11、 horses, we found that wehad been off the beaten track and got lost. We had no idea where we were andit got dark. Exhausted and hungry, I wondered if we could find our way back.小兔突現(xiàn)-馬兒受驚-草原迷路（障礙 1）-天色漸黑（障礙 2）-又累又餓（障礙 3）-心理恐慌（障礙 4）方法2.放大內(nèi)心沖突放大內(nèi)心沖突（你的角色的內(nèi)心斗爭）也有助于建立一個高度緊張和不確定的時刻。現(xiàn)在我們在來看高考讀后續(xù)寫中的內(nèi)心沖突是如何體

12、現(xiàn)的：2016 年 10 月浙江高考：Immediately, an absolute darkness ruled the forest. Jane,exhausted and scared, lay down near a stone, missing her family at a distance.All the fantastic memory crowded in and she couldnt help crying, Hadnt I quarrelled with Tom, walked away and climbed to the high place, I wouldnt

13、be trapped in this awful place, confronted with the danger of dying. Sheregretted with endless anxiety, and then became asleep with shining tears in her eyes.夫婦爭吵-獨自行走-荒野走散-夜色漸黑-獨處森林-陰森恐怖-后悔莫及（內(nèi)心沖突的刻畫）內(nèi)心獨白（往昔對比+虛擬語氣使用+旁邊描寫是常見技巧之一）方法3.使用環(huán)境描寫增加不確定性充分利用環(huán)境描寫可以起到烘托故事高潮的作用，具體方法可以看上期讀后續(xù)寫微技能。當(dāng)故事角色在碰到困難時候，我們往往要加大筆墨來描寫故事環(huán)境的黑暗，恐怖和不祥。強化環(huán)境描寫增強了高潮元素。我們感受到了緊張的倍增。例 1 : Immediately, an absolute darkness ruled the forest（黑暗）.Even w