短文改錯考點6謂語動詞的錯誤課件

1、謂語動詞的錯誤考點6：真題再練下列各小題中有且僅有一處錯誤(多1個單詞、少1個單詞、錯1個單詞)，請指出并改正過來，然后說明理由。1. (2015新課標(biāo)卷I) When I was a child, I hoped to live in the city. I think I would be happy there. 指小時候“想”，用一般過去時，改后才與was, hoped時態(tài)一致。thought2. (2014新課標(biāo)卷I) Since thenfor all these yearswe had been allowing tomatoes to self-seed where they

2、please. As a result, the plants are growing The fruits are small 自那以后到現(xiàn)在，應(yīng)是現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時。have3.(2013新課標(biāo)卷I) I was only four when she passes away. 由主句時態(tài)可知，用一般過去時。4.(2012新課標(biāo)卷) When I tear apart my fifth birthday toy train, my father said, “Thats it. No more toys for you.”上下文謂語動詞的時態(tài)都是用一般過去時。passedtore5.(2011新

3、課標(biāo)卷) When I finally arrived at my friends he lent me lots of clothes. I feel very happy that I could change my clothes at last.上文謂語動詞都是用一般過去時，而feel卻用一般現(xiàn)在時，時態(tài)不一致。felt6. (2014新課標(biāo)卷II) My dream school starts at 8: 30 a. m. and ends at 3: 30 p. m. There are three lessons in the morning and two in the aft

4、ernoon. We didnt need to do so much homework.據(jù)上文動詞時態(tài)可知，要用一般現(xiàn)在時。 dont7. (2013新課標(biāo)卷II) This custom soonbecomes another meal of the day. Interestingly, it had a connection with the British porcelain(瓷器) industry.由下文中的had及語句意思可知，用一般過去時。became8. (2015新課標(biāo)卷II) A woman saw him crying and telling him to wait

5、outside the shop.與前面的saw是并列謂語，用told。注意：考生易誤以為telling與crying并列，如果這樣，意思是講不通的。told9.(2014新課標(biāo)卷II) We can lie on the grass for a rest, or sat by the lake listening to music. 與or前的lie并列，sit也用原形。 sit10. (2015新課標(biāo)卷I) Lots of studies have been shown that global warming has already become a very serious proble

6、m. 因“研究”與“表明”是主動關(guān)系。11. (2015新課標(biāo)卷II) Tony was scaredand begun to cry.因begin的過去時是began?？忌资躠nd前面部分影響，以為也要跟scared一樣用過去分詞構(gòu)成被動語態(tài)，其實，“湯姆”與“開始哭”是主動關(guān)系。began12. (2013新課標(biāo)卷II) Tea in China was traditionally drank from cups without handles. 構(gòu)成被動語態(tài)，用過去分詞。drunk13. (2011新課標(biāo)卷) Luckily, I had all my money in my pock

7、et, but the only clothes I had was those I had on.句中(that) I had是定語從句，主句主語是clothes，為復(fù)數(shù)，故was改用were才主謂一致。were14. (2014新課標(biāo)卷II) My dream school look like a big garden. 一般現(xiàn)在時，主語My dream是第三人稱單數(shù)，謂語動詞要加s。15. (2015新課標(biāo)卷I) We must found ways to protect the environment.在情態(tài)動詞(must)后用動詞原形。looksfind16. (2012新課標(biāo)卷)

8、My punishment lasted a year. Meanwhile, I found out that with more patience, I must make my toys last.更有耐心, 才“可以”讓玩具持續(xù)更久。could /might思路點撥 從真題再練來看，5年8套題有16道是謂語動詞的錯，平均每套2道題，可見謂語動詞在短文改錯中是錯得最多的，是最重要的考點。短文一般含8到10句話，對每句話的謂語一定都要仔細(xì)研究。可按以下線索去思考：1. 查時態(tài)是否一致。遇到某個謂語動詞的時態(tài)與上下文的時態(tài)不一致時，十有八九是出錯了，需仔細(xì)審查。如真題再練1，前面兩個動詞wa

9、s, hoped和后面的would都是過去式，而think卻用一般現(xiàn)在時，不一致，就很可能錯了，需重點核實。2. 查語態(tài)是否正確。當(dāng)主語是謂語動詞的動作的承受者時，即謂語與主語在邏輯上有動賓關(guān)系時，要用被動語態(tài)。被動語態(tài)由“be+過去分詞”構(gòu)成。真題再練10、11、12題即考查語態(tài)。(1)查該用主動還是被動。如果是主動語態(tài)，句中有行為動詞時，不能再用be。如真題再練10，“研究”與“表明”是主動關(guān)系，已有行為動詞show了，就不能再用be，故刪除been。(2)如果要用被動語態(tài)，看是否漏掉be；同時注意be的時態(tài)是否正確，主謂是否一致，過去分詞拼寫是否正確(常誤寫成過去式或原形)。如真題再練1

10、2，就是過去分詞的拼寫錯誤。3. 查并列動詞的形式是否一致。在A and /or B或A, B and C這類結(jié)構(gòu)中，A, B, C的形式應(yīng)一致，關(guān)鍵是要找準(zhǔn)誰跟誰并列，不要找錯對象，尤其當(dāng)句子有謂語動詞又有非謂語動詞時更應(yīng)注意。如真題再練8、9。4. 查主謂是否一致。有時雖然前后時態(tài)是一致的，但主謂不一致。如真題再練13，主語clothes是復(fù)數(shù)，謂語動詞卻用單數(shù)was；真題再練14，主語My dream school是第三人稱單數(shù)，謂語動詞look卻用復(fù)數(shù)(原形)。5. 查情態(tài)動詞是否用錯。若有情態(tài)動詞，首先根據(jù)語境體會句子所表達(dá)的語氣與情態(tài)，判斷是否用錯了情態(tài)動詞。如真題再練16，“我明

11、白了，有了耐心，我就一定讓我的玩具用得更久”，玩具是否用得久，還受本身的質(zhì)量或其他因素的影響，用“一定(must)”語氣太強(qiáng)了，改用“可能(could)”更好。另外，我們知道，情態(tài)動詞有三大特征：(1)后面一定要接動詞原形，并與之一起構(gòu)成謂語。(2)沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化。(3)其疑問式或否定式不借助于do。 因此，我們還要考慮作者是否因不懂情態(tài)動詞的基本用法而用錯了。如真題再練15，must后接found，這就錯了，應(yīng)改為原形find?？键c歸納 謂語動詞的錯誤不但每年必考，而且考得最多，每套題中平均有兩處錯。到目前為止，僅考查了以下8點：1. 前后謂語動詞的時態(tài)不一致。2. 主動語態(tài)中已有行為動

12、詞時卻多用了be。3. 被動語態(tài)中或者完成時態(tài)中，過去分詞拼寫錯。如：A little girl was hurted and her mother needed help. (2009大綱卷II) 解析：“小女孩被弄傷”，用被動語態(tài)是對的，但hurt的過去式、過去分詞與原形是相同的，即hurthurthurt，故hurted錯了，應(yīng)改為hurt。hurtSince then we havent see each other much. But weve kept writing to each other. (2007新課標(biāo)卷)解析：由since then (自那時起到現(xiàn)在)可知，用現(xiàn)在完成

13、時是正確的，但現(xiàn)在完成時由“have+過去分詞”構(gòu)成，故see錯了，要改為seen。seen4. 并列謂語的時態(tài)形式應(yīng)該一致卻沒有一致。5. 主語與謂語在人稱和數(shù)方面應(yīng)該一致卻沒有一致。6. 情態(tài)動詞后本應(yīng)接動詞原形卻接了過去式，或者根本沒有動詞。如：So real friendship should able to standall sorts of tests. (2014大綱卷)解析：should是情態(tài)動詞，后面一定要跟動詞原形，而able是形容詞，故應(yīng)加be，構(gòu)成be able to(能夠)。be7. 虛擬語氣。如：My father was so pleased that he su

14、ggested I went to England for a holiday. 解析：因表示“提議，建議”的suggest后的賓語從句的謂語動詞要用“(should +) do”,所以went要改為go。go8. 命題人有時也會利用某些動詞的過去式與過去分詞拼寫相同，將一般過去時故意誤寫成現(xiàn)在完成時，要求考生刪除have或has。如：Li Ming came to see me every day. Then his father has changed jobs and they moved to another city. (2007新課標(biāo)卷)解析：由后面的并列句中的moved可知，ch

15、ange也用一般過去時，故刪除changed前的has。提醒： 時態(tài)只需注意前后一致，且只需注意現(xiàn)在時與過去時就行了。如真題再練2，根據(jù)Since then (從那時起到現(xiàn)在)，或由下文are growing, are small可知，應(yīng)當(dāng)用現(xiàn)在時，而had是過去時，應(yīng)改為have即可。不必按現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時、一般現(xiàn)在時這樣去理解?？键c練透1. (2010新課標(biāo)卷)One day he was having a yard sale and the old man living next door come by to help. As the old man looked上下文都是用

16、一般過去時，這里也改為一般過去時才一致。came2. (2009新課標(biāo)卷) I remember askingfor a room as far away from the lifts as possible and they find me a comfortable one on the second floor. 由語境可知，是“找到”了。 found3. (2008新課標(biāo)卷)We were organizing an art exhibition for high school students in the city. It will be held on the 9th of Ju

17、ly in the Exhibition Hall of Beihai.由上下文可知，是指現(xiàn)在正在組織藝展。are4. (2007新課標(biāo)卷) Then I invited Li Ming to my place. We listen to my CDs togetherand soon became best friends. 前后都是用一般過去時。listened5. (2014大綱卷) All of us need friendship. The understanding between two friends mean both of them have similar ideas 主

18、語是The understanding(第三人稱單數(shù))。 means6. (2013大綱卷)At home, my father often thinks Im silly. He said if I decide to do something, it takes him much time to stop me. 上下文謂語動詞都用一般現(xiàn)在時。says7. (2012大綱卷II) Water is important.We cannot live without water Yet it seemed water is becoming less and less. 上下文都用一般現(xiàn)在時s

19、eems8. (2011大綱卷I) I hold my lunch-box in my hand when I was going to school. The smell from it was very good. 講述過去的事情held9. (2011大綱卷II) However, my father had to return to work on Monday so we fly back last Saturday afternoon. Itwas really a nice experience. 前后謂語都使用一般過去時，時態(tài)應(yīng)該保持一致。flew10. (2010大綱卷I)

20、It was All I had to do was My teachers have been telling me how great my writing was. 前后都是用過去時(一般過去時)，而這里卻用現(xiàn)在時(現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時)。 had11. (2010大綱卷II) I prepared She said it was the best gift she has ever had. 上下文的謂語動詞都是用過去時，而這里變成現(xiàn)在時(現(xiàn)在完成時)。had12. (2010大綱卷II) Christie was one ofmy best friends at high school.

21、At that time, we often spend time together. 上下文謂語動詞的時態(tài)都是一般過去時。spent13. I find that the neighborhood which I used to live in has changed a lot. The Sichuan Restaurant and the old fish shop across the street from our middle school were gone. 由上下文中的find, has changed等可知，用的是現(xiàn)在時，指現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)變了，四川餐館和老魚店現(xiàn)在不見了。are1

22、4. (2009大綱卷II) Im sorry that I wasnt able to return your bike on time yesterday.I mean to give it back to you before four inthe afternoon, but I was held up on my way back. 由上文yesterday及與之并列的was held可知，是對昨天情況的回顧，用一般過去時，指昨天“本打算”。meant15. (2008大綱卷I) I win a national prize for painting last week. 與last

23、 week連用，用一般過去時。16. (2008大綱卷II) Second, I will learn Third, since I was familiar with Beijing, I can help visitors find their way in the city. 由上下文的謂語動詞可知，要用現(xiàn)在時。wonam17. (2007大綱卷I) I was only about six when he held his hand out to me. I took it in mine and we walked. Then I ask him, “Grandpa, how com

24、e you have so many lines on your hand?”上文動詞是一般過去時，回憶六歲時發(fā)生的事。asked18. (2007大綱卷II) I meant to write a long letter and tell you all the things Im doing at school, but the bell was ringing, so I just have to stop here.句中meant用的是一般過去時，指“本打算，原打算”寫一封長信的，但現(xiàn)在鈴聲響起來了。is19. (2009大綱卷I) The market at the corner of Friendship Street and Xinhua Road has been given way to a supermarket. 主語The market與give way to(讓位給)是主動關(guān)系。20. (2014大綱卷) The