高考英語閱讀理解專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練-科技類

1、2009高考英語閱讀理解專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練一一科技類With only about 1,000 pandas left in the world, China is desperately trying to clone( 克隆)the animal and save the endangered species物種).That as move similar to what a Texas A & M University researchers have been undertakin g for the past five years in a project called” NoaNoah s

2、Ark is aimed at collecting eggs, embryos胚胎),semen and DNA of endangered animals and storing them in liquid nitrogen. If certain species should become extinct, Dr. Duane Kraemer, a professor in Texas A & M s College of Veterinary Medicine, says there would be enough of the basic building blocks to re

3、introduce the species in the future.It is estimated that as many as 2, 000 species of mammals, birds reptiles will become extinct in over 100 years. The panda, native only to China, is in danger of becoming extinct in the next 25 years.This week, Chinese scientists said they grew an embryo by introd

4、ucing cells from a dead female panda into the egg cells of a Japanese white rabbit. They are now trying to implant the embryo into a host animal.The entire procedure could take from three to five years to complete.“Thenuclear transfer(核子移植)of one species to another is not easy, and the lack of avail

5、able(capable of being used) panda eggs could be a major problem,“ Kraemer believes. Thewill probably have to do several hundred transfers to result in one pregnancy (having a baby). It takes a long time and it s difficult, but this could be groundbreaking science if it works. They arecertainly n ot

6、putting any live pandas at risk, so it is worth the effort,“ adds Kraemer,the leaders of the Project at Texas A& M, the first-ever attempt at cloning a dog.“They are trying to do something that s never been done, and this; to veirywbrklinNoah s Ark. We re both trying to save animals that face extinc

7、tion. I certainly appreciate their effortand theres a lot we can learn from what they are attempting to do. Its a research thneeded.The aim of Noah s Ark project is tomake efforts to clone the endangered pandassave endangered animals from dying outcollect DNA of endangered animals to studytransfer t

8、he nuclear of one animal to anotherAccording to Professor Kraemer, the major problem in cloning pandas would be the lack ofA. available panda eggsB. host animalsC. qualified researchersD. enough moneyThe best title for the passage may be.China s Success in Pandas CloningThe First Cloned Panda in the

9、 WorldExploring the Possibility to Clone PandasChina the Native Place of Pandas ForeverFrom the passage we know that.Kraemer and his team have succeeded in cloning a dogscientists try to implant a pandara bbitegg into aKraemer will work with Chinese scientists in clone researchesabout two thousand o

10、f species will probably die out in a century【答案解析】本文講述中國正在竭力克隆瀕臨絕種的熊貓，這和Texas A & M University的NoahsArk（諾亞方舟）工程極為相似，都是想拯救瀕臨滅絕的動物。Bo語義理解題。從第 2段內(nèi)容可知，“諾亞方舟”工程的目標(biāo)是把瀕臨滅絕的動物的 蛋（卵）、胚胎、精液和 DNA儲存在液體氮中，如果某一種動物瀕臨滅絕時(shí)，將來可以重現(xiàn)這 一動物。Ao 細(xì)節(jié)題。從第 6 段第 1 句話 The nuclear transfer（核子移植）of one species to another is not easy

11、, and the lack of available （capable of being used ） panda eggs could be a major problem 可以做出正確判斷。C。主旨題。從文章內(nèi)容來看，無論是中國還是世界克隆熊貓還沒有成功，所以排除A、B項(xiàng)；D項(xiàng)內(nèi)容明顯與文章內(nèi)容不符，故排除。所以“探索克隆熊貓的可能性”應(yīng)該是這篇文 章的標(biāo)題。D。判斷題。此題 B項(xiàng)的干擾性較強(qiáng)，但由于它沒有說明是Chinese scientists,所以應(yīng)排除。A、C項(xiàng)明顯與原文不符。根據(jù)文章第3段第1句可知答案非D莫屬。（2）Want a glance of the future of

12、 health care? Take a look at the way the various networks of people about patient care are being connected to one another, and how this new connectivity is being exploited to deliver medicine to the patient no matter where he or she may be.Online doctors offering advice based on normal symptoms（ 癥狀）

13、are the most obvious example. Increasingly, however, remote diagnosis（遠(yuǎn)程診斷）will be based on real physiological data（ 生理數(shù) 據(jù)）from the actual patient. A group from the University of Kentucky has shown that by using personal data assistance plus a mobile phone, it is perfectly practical to send a patien

14、t s imporsigns over the telephone. With this kind of equipment, the cry asking whether there was a doctor in the house could well be a thing of the past.Other medical technology groups are working on applying telemedicine to rural（countryside） care. And at least one team wants to use telemedicine as

15、 a tool for disaster need especially after earthquakes. On the whole, the trend is towards providing global access to medical data and expertsopinions.But there is one problem. Bandwidth（ 寬帶）is the limiting factor for sending complex（ 復(fù)雜的） medical pictures around the world CT photos being one of the

16、 biggest bandwidth users. Communication satellites may be able to deal with the short-term needs during disasters such as earthquakes or wars. But medicine is looking towards both the second-generation Internet and third-generation mobile phones for the future of remote medical service.Doctors have

17、met to discuss computer-based tools for medical diagnosis, training and telemedicine. With the falling price of broadband communications, the new technologies should start a new time when telemedicine and the sharing of medical information, experts opinions and diagnosis are common.The writer chiefl

18、y talks about.A. the use of telemedicine B. the on-lined doctorsC. medical care and treatment D. communication improvementThe basis of remote diagnosis will be.personal data assistancesome words of a patientreal physiological informationmedical pictures from the InternetWhich of the following statem

19、ents is true according to the text ?Patients don t need doctors in hospitals any more.It is impossible to send a patient s signs over the telephone.Many teams use telemedicine dealing with disasters now.Broadband communications will become cheaper in the future.A. bandwidth isnThe “ problem in the f

20、ourth paragraph refers to the fact that.t big enough to send complex medical picturesthe second-generation of Internet has not become popular yetcommunication satellites can only deal with short-term needsthere is not enough equipment for spreading the medical care【答案解析】本文主要講述人們將來可以通過網(wǎng)上看病，醫(yī)生可以根據(jù)病人的生

21、理數(shù)據(jù)做出遠(yuǎn)程診斷。 隨著第二代因特網(wǎng)和第三代移動手機(jī)為將來的遠(yuǎn)程醫(yī)療服務(wù)，尤其是寬帶網(wǎng)交流價(jià)格的下降， 遠(yuǎn)程醫(yī)療和醫(yī)藥信息、專家意見和診斷共享將成為家常便飯。A。主旨題。第2段和第3段的內(nèi)容，可知最佳答案為A。Co細(xì)節(jié)題。從第 2段第2句話中的 remote diagnosis（遠(yuǎn)程診斷）will be based on real physiological data（生理數(shù)據(jù)）from the actual patient 可以做出正確判斷。Do判斷題。網(wǎng)上可以看病并不就是說病人去醫(yī)院不需要醫(yī)生，排除 A項(xiàng)；通過電話發(fā) 送病人的信息是可行的，排除B項(xiàng)；現(xiàn)在至少有一個(gè)醫(yī)療隊(duì)想用遠(yuǎn)程醫(yī)療來治療

22、疾病，C項(xiàng)也不對；根據(jù)文章最后句話With the falling price of broadband communications, the newtechnologies should start a new time when telemedicine and the sharing of medical information, experts opinions and diagnosis are comm所以肯定答案是 D。A。推斷題。根據(jù)第 4 段第 2 句話 Bandwidth（寬帶）is the limiting factor for sending complex（復(fù)雜）m

23、edical pictures around the world - CT photos being one of the biggest bandwidth users可知答案為AoScientists are uncovering the secrets of two port cities lost under the waters of the Mediterranean Sea, a researcher said yesterday.Herakleion and Menouthis were rich and proud cities until something reduced

24、 them to rubble （碎石）and buried them in the mud beneath 30 feet of sea water, French underwater explorer Franck Goddio said at the American Geophysical Union conference.This is a mystery that is ongoing,said Goddio, a founder of the European Institute of MarinArcheology, a Paris-based underwater rese

25、arch organization backed by the wealthy Hilti Foundation of Liechtenstein（列支敦士登基金會）.The destruction of the twin port cities has haunted Goddio ever since he happened upon the site about 15 miles from Alexandria while exploring sunken ships from Napoleon s fleet.Goddio and his group of expert divers,

26、 marine archeologists（海洋考古學(xué)家）and others, are using high powered vacuums, satellite navigation systems and sophisticated sonar（聲名內(nèi)）to excavate（挖掘）the sunken cities from underneath a carpet of silt about one meter （three feet） high.Walls of shops, remains of streets and gold artifacts have been found

27、and recovered.Some experts believe that the port cities were destroyed by a series of massive earthquakes, much like the quakes scientists believe felled Troy（ 特洛伊城 ）,Jericho and other ancient cities. The uniform direction of the collapsed columns and walls suggest an earthquake, Goddio said, but no

28、 fault lines have been found nearby.Other researchers believe a massive wave, caused by either an offshore earthquake or a distant underwater landslide, could explain the catastrophe. Still others think rising seas and a shift in the Nile River outlet doomed the cities.“The argument, as you can see,

29、 continues,“ Goddio said.The reason why the two port cities disappeared under the waters of Mediterranean Sea is thatthe two port cities were destroyed by huge earthquakesthe disappearance of the two port cities was caused by underwater landsliderising seas and a shift in the Nile River outlet doome

30、d the citiesthe story didn t tell us at allFrom the story we can draw a conclusion that.the two port cities were famous for their wealth and the mysterythe two cities belonged to Francesome mysterious creatures from other planets destroyed the two citiesthe American Geophysical Union conference was

31、once held in one of the two citiesThis article is probably from.a scientific magazinea report to the governmenta school text booka scientific report in a newspaper【答案解析】本文報(bào)道了人們對法國地中海中的兩座城市沉如海底的各種推測。Do推斷題。文章只對城市下沉的原因作了一些推測但未作出結(jié)論。由此可推知此題答 案為DoB。推斷題。根據(jù)文章中所提到的與之相關(guān)的名稱，如：French underwater explorer FranckG

32、oddio, a Paris-based underwater research organization, Napoleon可推知此題fleet 為 B。D。推斷題。文章討論地中海中的兩座城市下沉的原因，顯然與地質(zhì)科學(xué)有關(guān)，故選D。注意不宜選A , 一個(gè)顯然的因素是第1段中出現(xiàn)的yesterdayoMotherhood may make women smarter and may help prevent dementia（癡呆）in old age by bathing the brain in protective hormones（荷爾蒙）,U.S. reseachers report

33、ed on Thursday.Tests on rats show that those who raise two or more litters of pups do considerably better in tests of memory and skills than rats who have no babies, and their brains show changes that suggest they may be protected against diseases such as Alzheimer早老癡呆癥）.Us（versity of Richmondpsycho

34、logy professor Craig Kinsley believes his findings will translate into humans.“Our research shows that the hormones of pregnancy（懷孕）are protecting the brain, including estrogen（雌激素）,which we know has many neuroprotective （ 保護(hù)神經(jīng)的 ）effects, “ Kinsley said.“It rat sdata but humans are mammals just like

35、 these animals are mammals,“ he added in a telephone interview. They go through pregnancy and hormonal changes.”Kinsley said he hoped public health officials and researchers will look to see if having had children protects a woman from Alzheimer s and otheefojlasedfbrain decline.“When people think a

36、bout pregnancy, they think about what happens to babies and the mother from the neck down, “ said Kinsley, who presented his findings to the annual meeting of the Society of Neuroscience in Orlando, Florida.They do not realize that hormones are washing on the brain. If you look at female animals who

37、 have never gone through pregnancy, they act differently toward young. But if she goes through pregnancy, she will sacrifice her life for her infant that is a great change in her behavior that showed in genetic alterations（改變）to the brain. ”How do scientists know“ Motherhood may make women smarter ?

38、Some researchers have told them.Many women say so.They know it by experimenting on rats.They know it through their own experience.What does the phrase “l(fā)itters of pups “ mean in the second paragraph?A. Baby rats. B. Animals. C. Old rats. D. Grown-up rats.What can protect the brain of a woman accordi

39、ng to the passage?A. Estrogen.B. The hormones of pregnancy.C. More exercise.D. Taking care of children.It s rat data but humans are mammals just like these animals are mammals.sentence suggest?The experiments on the rats have nothing to do with humans.The experiments on the rats are very important f

40、or animals.The experiments on the rats are much the same on humans.The experiments on the rats are much the same on other animals.Which title is the best for this passage?Do You Want to Be Smarter?Motherhood Makes Women SmarterMysterious HormonesAn Important Study【答案解析】本文介紹了一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)：母性特點(diǎn)能使婦女變得更加聰明靈敏。Co細(xì)

41、節(jié)題。根據(jù) Tests on rats show可知科學(xué)家是通過做老鼠實(shí)驗(yàn)得出這個(gè)結(jié)論的。Ao詞義猜測題。后面的對比 who have no babies,實(shí)際上提供了一個(gè)相反的情況，所以 我們可以推測 those who raise two or more litters of pups 中的 litters of pups 指的是“剛出生不久 的小老鼠”。Bo 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第3 段中的 the hormones of pregnancy（懷孕）are protecting thebrain可得出答案。Co句意理解題?？茖W(xué)家通過用老鼠做實(shí)驗(yàn)來說明人的問題。因?yàn)槿撕屠鲜蠖紝儆诓溉?動物，很

42、多生理機(jī)能都相同。t need a baWcO別編用NQ or evenBo主旨題。短文第 1句 Motherhood may make women smarter是主題句，據(jù)此我們可 以得出答案。To get cash out in the 21st century, you wonhave to move a finger. You will simply have to look the cash machine straight in the eye, declares National Cash Registers, a multinational company that make

43、s automated teller machines, or ATMs. NCR has shown its first example machine that is believed to be the future of banking. Instead of asking you for your PIN on a screen, the Super Teller-Stella for short, asks you orally through a loudspeaker to look straight ahead while an infrared camera turns t

44、o your head, then your eye, and finally takes an infrared photograph of your iris（虹膜）.For identification（識另1J） purposes, an iris picture is better than a fingerprint, with around 256 noticeable characteristics compared with 40 for fingerprints. This means that the chances of someone else being recog

45、nized in your place is about 1 in 1020. Once you ve been identified, Stella greets you by name and says: Would ycstatement? ” An infrared port allowthe machine to send a bank statement straight to your pocket computer.1. What does this passage mainly talk about? A. A new medical instrumentA new type

46、 of talking machine.A new type of cash machine.National Cash Register 2. What is this new machine called? A. StellaB. ATMC. PIND. NCR3. When you want to get cash out in the 21st century, you will. A. need a bank cardB. have to put in your PINC. move your fingerD. just look directly at the teller mac

47、hine【答案解析】本文介紹了自動取款機(jī)的新型的識別儲戶方法。Co主旨題。閱讀全文可知本文介紹的是新型取款機(jī)的設(shè)計(jì)原理及工作方式，故選CoAo 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù) Instead of asking you for your PIN on a screen, the Super Teller-Stella for short, asks you orally 及 Once you ve been identified, Stella greets you by name and says 可 知答案為AoDo 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù) To get cash out in the 21st century, y

48、ou won t need a bank card, a Feven have to move a finger. You will simply have to look the cash machine straight in the eye, 可 知僅僅徑直看著取款機(jī)就可以了，故選答案D。Weather changes when the temperature and the amount of water in the atmosphere change. We can see and feel water coming from the atmosphere when we have

49、 rain. But the water must somehow get back to the atmosphere. Meteorologists call this the water cycle.There are many stages in the water cycle. Rain falls when water vapour in clouds condenses凝結(jié)）.Drops of water form and fall to the ground. The water soaks into the ground and feeds streams and river

50、s. A lot of rain falls into the sea. The heat of the sun evaporates some of the water in the ground and in the rivers, lakes, and the sea. It changes the liquid water into water vapour. The vapour rises onto the air. Water vapour is normally invisible. On a very damp or humid day, however, you can s

51、ometimes see water vapour rising from a puddle（ 水坑）or pond in a mist（ 薄霧） above the water. Water vapour also gets into the air from living things. Trees and other plants take in water through their roots and give off water vapour from their leaves. People and land animals drink water and breathe out

52、 water vapour. In all these ways the water returns to the air. There it gathers to form clouds and condenses to form rain. The rain falls to earth, and the cycle starts again. It continues even if snow or hail（ 冰雹）fall instead because both eventually melt to form water. The amount of water vapour in

53、 the air depends on the temperature. The air is more moist（ 潮濕）in the tropics（熱帶）than in the cold polar regions.What is the main idea of the passage?A. Water cycle.B. Water vapour.C. How rain forms.D. Water, vapour, rain.How many ways of the water returning to the air are discussed in the text?A. Tw

54、o.B. Three. C. Four. D. Five.Whether water vapour can be seen or not depends on.A. how much water is evaporated B. how good your eyes areC. in which way water is evaporated D. climate or weatherFrom the passage we get to know.there is more water vapour in the air in the tropics than in cold polar re

55、gionsthere is more water vapour in the air in cold polar region than in the tropicsit gets more rain in the tropics than in cold polar regions because there is less vapourthe amount of water vapour in the air depends on how often it rains【答案解析】本文闡述了水循環(huán)的全過程。A。主旨題。文章第 1段，特別是最后一句Meteorologists call thi

56、s the water cycle. 已點(diǎn)明主題。Bo判斷題。讀完第 2段，不難發(fā)現(xiàn)水返回空中的方式有 3種：第1種是太陽蒸發(fā)地面 上的水使之變成水蒸氣返回空中； 第2種是樹和植物釋放出的水蒸氣；第3種是人和動物呼出的水蒸氣。D。語義理解題。從第 2 段第 9 句話 On a very damp or humid day, however, you can sometimes see water vapour rising from a puddle（水坑）or pond in a mist（薄霧）above the water. 可 以找到為什么。A。判斷題。根據(jù)最后一句話The air i

57、s more moist（潮濕）in the tropics（熱帶）than in thecold polar regions 可知答案。Technology is the application（ 應(yīng)用）of knowledge to production. Thanks to modern technology, we have been able to increase greatly the efficiency of our work force. New machines and new methods have helped cut down time and expense w

58、hile increasing overall output. This has meant more production and a higher standard of living. For most of us in America, modern technology is thought of as the reason why we can have cars and television sets. However, technology has also increased the amount of food available to us, by means of mo

59、dern farming machinery and animal breeding techniques, and has extended our life span via（通過）medical technology.Will mankind continue to live longer and have a higher quality of life? In large measure the answer depends on technology and our ability to use it widely. If we keep making progress as we

60、 have over the past fifty years, the answer is definitely yes. The advancement of technology depends upon research and development, and the latest statistics（統(tǒng)計(jì)）show that the United States is continuing to pump billions of dollars annually（ 每年）into such efforts. So while we are running out of some s